瑞士苏黎世大学基本概况.docx

瑞士苏黎世大学基本概况.docx

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瑞士苏黎世大学基本概况

瑞士苏黎世大学基本概况

　　瑞士的苏黎世大学创立于1883年，经过几代人的拼搏和努力，已经成为瑞士最顶级的综合性大学，跟着一起来了解下瑞士苏黎世大学基本概况吧，欢迎阅读。

　　一、关于苏黎世大学

　　Withits26,000enrolledstudents,theUniversityofZurich（UZH）isSwitzerlandslargestuniversity.Foundedintheyear1833,UZHwasEuropesfirstuniversitytobeestablishedbyademocraticpoliticalsystem;today,UZHisoneoftheforemostuniversitiesintheGerman-speakingworld.Madeupofsevenfacultiescoveringsome100differentsubjectareas,theUniversityoffersawidevarietyofBachelors,MastersandPhDprograms.Inaddition,UZHscontinuingeducationprogramsofferexcellentlearningopportunities.AsamemberoftheLeagueofEuropeanResearchUniversities（LERU）,theUniversityofZurichbelongstoEuropesmostprestigiousresearchinstitutions.NumerousdistinctionshighlighttheUniversitysinternationalrenowninthefieldsofmedicine,immunology,genetics,neuroscienceandstructuralbiologyaswellasineconomics.Todate,theNobelPrizehasbeenconferredontwelveUZHscholars.TheacademicexcellenceoftheUniversityofZurichbringsbenefitstoboththepublicandtheprivatesectorsnotonlyintheCantonofZurich,butthroughoutSwitzerland.Knowledgeissharedinavarietyofways:

inadditiontograntingthegeneralpublicaccesstoitstwelvemuseumsandmanyofitslibraries,theUniversitymakesfindingsfromcutting-edgeresearchavailabletothepublicinaccessibleandengaginglectureseriesandpaneldiscussions.

　　苏黎世大学（UZH）拥有26,000名入学学生，是瑞士最大的大学。

苏黎世大学成立于1833年是欧洲第一所由民主政治制度建立的大学。

如今，苏黎世大学是德语世界中最重要的大学之一。

该大学由涵盖约100个不同学科领域的七个学院组成，拥有各种各样的学士，硕士和博士课程。

此外，苏黎世大学的继续教育课程提供了极好的学习机会。

作为“欧洲研究大学联盟”（LERU）的成员，苏黎世大学属于欧洲最负盛名的研究机构。

许多区别突显了大学在医学，免疫学，遗传学，神经科学和结构生物学以及经济学领域的国际知名度。

迄今为止，诺贝尔奖已被授予十二位苏黎世大学的学者。

苏黎世大学的学术卓越不仅在苏黎世州，而且在瑞士也为公共和私营部门带来了好处。

知识以各种方式分享：

除了让一般公众获得十二个博物馆和许多图书馆使用权外，大学还通过无障碍和有吸引力的讲座系列和小组讨论向公众提供前沿研究的调查结果

　　二、历史沿革

　　1833：

UniversitasTuricensisfounded.TheCantonofZurichcombineditsexistingcollegesoftheology,jurisprudence,andmedicineintotheUniversitasTuricensisandsupplementedthesethreeareasofstudywithafacultyofarts.ItwasthefirstuniversityinEuropetobefoundedbyademocraticstateratherthanbyamonarchyortheChurch.

　　161students,55instructors.Inthefirstyear,16theologystudents,26lawstudents,98medicinestudents,and21artsstudentsenrolled.ThecoursecataloguewaspublishedinGermanandLatin.Greathopesforthefuture.ThefoundershopedtoturnthecantonaluniversityintoanationalSwissuniversity.Inalettertoafriend,thespiritualfatheroftheZurichUniversity,JohannCasparvonOrelli,wrote:

WefoundedtheZurichinstitutionasafirststep.Butitcan,itmustbecometheuniversityforthewholeofSwitzerland.Thedreamnevercametrue.

　　1855：

PolytechnicalSchoolasrenter.ThenewlycreatedFederalPolytechnicalSchoolwastemporarilyacceptedasaguestoftheUniversityintheHinteramtinZurichsAugustinergasse.

　　1867：

ARussianisfirstwomanstudent.TheRussianNadeshdaSuslowa,whowasadmittedtomedicalstudiesasanauditstudentin1865,wasretrospectivelyenrolledforthewintersemester1866/67and,attheendoftheyear,becamethefirstwomanintheGerman-speakingworldtobeawardedadoctorate.

　　1901：

Second-oldestschoolofveterinarymedicine.TheZurichThierarzneyschule（SchoolofVeterinaryMedicine）,whichwasfoundedin1820,becameaffiliatedtotheUniversityasanautonomousFacultyVeterinaryMedicine.AlthoughZurichbegantoprovideacademictrainingforveterinariansrelativelylatecomparedwithotherveterinaryschools,theFacultyofVeterinaryMedicineisthesecondoldestfacultyintheworld,afterthefacultyinBernefoundedayearearlier.

　　1912：

FromInstituteofHigherEducationtoUniversityofZurich.TheeducationauthoritydecidedtoofficiallyrenametheZurichInstituteofHigherEducationasUniversityofZurich,thusclearlymarkingthedistinctionbetweenthenewlydesignatedFederalInstituteofTechnology（theformerFederalPolytechnicalSchool）andtheUniversity.

　　1914：

OfficialopeningofUniversitypremises.TheUniversitysmainbuildingonRämistrasseofficiallyopenedontheoccasionoftheZurichSechseläuten.ThankstothecommitmentoftheAargauarchitectKarlMoser,whooversawtheprojectfromthedrawingboarddowntothelastdestailsofinteriordesign,anenduringworkofartwascreated.

　　1962：

Firstthoughtsofexpansion.TheUniversityofZurichbeganrunningoutofroom.ThefirstproposalforexpansioncamefromtheFacultyofScience,withamotiontomovepartoftheUniversitytotheStrickhofarealinZurichIrchel.BalzanPrizeawardedtoPaulHindemith.PaulHindemith,ProfessorofMusicTheory,CompositionandMusicEducationattheUniversityofZurichfrom1951to1956,receivedtheBalzanPrize.

　　1968：

Studentstaketothestreets.Ongoingstudentriotseruptfollowingcontroversyabouteducationalpolicyandbroadersocialissues.TheprotestsculminateinthefamousGlobusriots.NoteventheinvasionofCzechoslovakiabyWarsawPacttroopscanstirupdeepfeelingsattheUniversity:

Studentpoliticsdominate.UniversityActrejected.AUniversityActisproposedthatisrejectedbytheParliamentoftheCantonofZurichin1975.

　　1975：

DualprofessorshipswithETHZurich.TheUniversityandETHZurichbeganconductingresearchinthesamebuildings,thefirstofwhichistheInstituteofToxicologyinSchwerzenbach.Inaddition,theUniversityandETHZestablisheddualprofessorships.Audiovisionhasarrived.Inresponsetotherisingnumberofstudents,newmeansofcommunicationbecamenecessary:

Aboothwithslideshow,soundtrack,andheadphoneswassetupinthefoyerofthemainbuilding.

　　1980：

CriticismofCantonalGovernmentCouncillorGilgen.TheOperaHouseriotshookZurich.Inthesummerofyouthriots,theprotestsalsoextendedtotheUniversityduetoabanonavideoscreeningoftheOperaHouseriots,filmedbytheInstituteofSocialAnthropology.TheeventsexposedshortcomingsintheUniversitysgoverningbodiesandtheadministrativeproceduresbetweentheCantonalEducationDepartment,theDepartmentofHealth,thePresidentsOffice,faculties,andinstitutes.

　　1984：

StrengtheningtheOfficeoftheVicePresident.TheUniversitysnewmanagementstructurewasintroduced:

TheOfficeofthePresidentasafull-timedepartment,aVicePresidentforTeachingandResearch,andaVicePresidentforPlanning,FinanceandRealEstateManagement.Ayearlater,theadministrativedirectorwouldbeappointed.Overthefollowingyears,thescopeofresponsibilityoftheOfficesoftheVicePresidentswouldundergofrequentrevision.DiesatIrchelCampus.TheDiesacademicuswasheldintheauditoriumatIrchelCampusforthefirsttime.Previously,thefoundationceremonywasheldintheUniversitysmainbuilding,exceptfor1983,when,ontheoccasionofUZHs150thanniversary,itwasheldinGrossmunster.UniversityatPhänomena.FromMaytoOctobertheUniversitytookpartinthepopularscienceexhibitionPhänomenaatZurichhorn.

　　1987：

Notonewstudentbody.TheGovernmentCounciloftheCantonofZurichrejectedaproposaltoonceagaincreateastudentbodyconstitutedaccordingtopubliclaw.NobelPrizeawardedtoK.AlexMüller.K.AlexMüller,ProfessorofSolidStatePhysicsattheUniversityofZurich,receivedtheNobelPrizeforhisdiscoveryofhigh-temperaturesuperconductivity.Presidentinrickshaw.Aspartoftheexhibitionssurroundingthelarge-scaleSwisseventIndiainSwitzerlandattheEthnographicMuseumoftheUniversityofZurichthePresident,KonradAkert,wentforarideinarickshaw.

　　1992：

Lawandeconomicssplit.TheFacultyofLawandPoliticalSciencewasdividedintotwofaculties:

TheFacultyofLawandtheFacultyofBusiness,EconomicsandInformatics.Theincreasingimportanceofeconomicsalreadypromptedthecreationofadepartmentoflawandadepartmentofeconomicsinthe19thcentury.RelationswithEasternEurope.TheUniversityofZurichparticipatedintheEuropeanmobilityprogramforstudents,asparticipationinEuropeanresearchprogramswasgainingsignificance.SpecialpartnershipsweredevelopedwithEastEuropeanuniversitiesandaweek-longeventinitiated.

　　Largerroleforthefederalgovernment.TheSwissfederalgovernmentbeganassumingmoreresponsibilityforthedevelopmentandcoordinationofhighereducationinstitutions.TheUniversityofZurichandthePaulScherrerInstitutejointlycreatedtheInstituteofMedicalRadiobiology.TheETHZurichandtheUniversityagreedtofoundanInstituteofNeuroinformatics.Alesspositivedevelopment:

Thegrowinggulfbetweenexpectationsandavailablefundsavailable,withtheUniversitysettoreceivelessfederalfunding.Priorityisgiventoresearchprioritiesandspecificprograms.Decreaseinstudentnumbers.Adropinstudentnumbersasthebabyboomgenerationofthe1980scompletedtheirstudies.Overthecomingyearsthenumberofstudentswouldcontinuetodrop.Themainreasons:

Highersemesterfeesandtheabolitionofreducedhealthinsurancepremiumsforstudents.

　　1998：

TheUniversityofZurichgainspoliticalautonomy.On15March1998,thevotersoftheCantonofZurichapprovedthenewUniversityLawandgavetheUniversitythestatusofanautonomouslegalentity.Asaresult,theUniversityisabletomanageitsfinancesindependentlywithinaglobalbudgetandtoorganizeitselfasitseesfit.ThenewgoverningbodyoftheUniversityistheBoardoftheUniversity,whichismadeupofleadingfiguresfromacademia,culture,business,andpolitics.Jointcentersofcompetence.TheUniversityofZurichiniatedstepstofurtherdevelopitscollaborationwithotheruniversitiesandETHZurich:

Centersofcompetenceforneuroscience,plantscience,andin