七升八暑期讲义第2讲 冠词 T.docx
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七升八暑期讲义第2讲冠词T
第2讲冠词T
1、小试牛刀
1.Aliceis_____honestgirl.Nowsheis_____universitystudent.Shewillbemademonitorofherclass.
A.a,an,theB.an,a,theC.an,a,/D./,a,/
2.Sheis______Europeangirl,butshelivesinJapan.
A.aB.anC./D.the
3.—Isthat______uniformforthestudent?
—Yes,butit’s______unusualone.
A.a,anB.an,aC.a,aD.an,an
4.MumlookedsadlyatMcdullbecauseheachieved________“H”inspelling.
A.aB.theC.anD./
5.Mybrotheris_______universitystudentandhehas________Europeangirlfriend.
A.a…anB.the…aC.an…aD.a…a
6.Thereis________“u”intheword“university”.
A.theB.anC.aD./
7.Learningfromsuccessfulpeopleis________goodwaytogainwealthandsuccess.
A)aB)anC)theD)/
8.Theyoungmanbesidetheteacheris________universitystudent.
A)theB)/C)anD)a
9.TheOxfordEnglishDictionaryis________usefultoolforustolearnEnglish.
A.aB.anC.theD./
10.Thisis________usefulbookandIwanttobuyitfromthebookshop.
A)aB)anC)/D)the
【Keys】1-5CAACD6-10CADAA
二、知识梳理
冠词
考点归纳
冠词分为两类:
不定冠词a(an)和定冠词the。
1.不定冠词a(an)的用法
(1)泛指表示“一个”,a用在以辅音读音开头的单词前,an用在以元音读音开头的单词前。
注意:
有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头,但读音以辅音开头,要用冠词a,如university,uniform,useful,useless,European,one,USB,UFO等。
而有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头,但读音以元音开头,要用冠词an,如hour,honest等。
26个字母中有12个字母(a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x)的读音以元音开头,要用冠词an。
(记法:
Mr.Lihasonefox)
(2)不定冠词常用在一些习惯用语中,如haveagoodtime,goforaswim,inahurry,takeanactivepartin等。
2.定冠词the的用法
(1)特指,如Theboyinblueismybrother.
(2)前指,如Thisisaphotoofaschool.Theschoolisverybeautiful.Ihavestudiedintheschoolfor3years.
(3)谈话双方共指,如Excuseme.WhereistheNo.1busstop?
(4)用在宇宙中独一无二的事物前,如Thesunisshiningbrightly.
(5)用在形容词最高级前,如Shanghaiisoneofthelargestcitiesintheworld.
(6)用在方位前.如Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.
(7)用在序数词前,如Ourclassroomisonthesecondfloor.
(8)用在乐器前,如Icanplaythepiano.
(9)用在江河、海洋、山脉前,如TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinourcountry.
(10)加在某些形容词前表示一类人,如thepoor,theold,theblind.
(11)定冠词加姓再加“s”表示一家人,如theWhites,theGreens.
(12)专用名词前,如theGreatWall,theUnitedStates.
(13)定冠词常用在一些习惯用语中,如allthetime,atthemoment,bytheway.
3.零冠词
(1)介词by+交通工具,如bytrain/bus/underground,但用动词take时要说成takea(an)train/bus/underground.
(2)一日三餐前,如havebreakfast/lunch/dinner。
(3)球类运动前,如playfootball/basketball.
(4)学科名称前,如WestudyChinese,maths,Englishandsoon.
(5)日期、节日前,如June1stisChildren'sDay.
(6)月份、星期前,如inMarch/October,onMonday/Friday.
(7)在this,those,my,whose,next,last,some,any,every,each等词前。
(8)称呼、头衔、职务前。
(9)一些固定词组,如atnight,atfirst,atlast,introuble.
典型例题:
【例1】CanIhave_______lookatthephotosofyourpenfriend?
A.aB.anC./D.the
【解析】havealook看一下是固定词组,因此正确答案为A。
【例2】Lindaalwaystakes_______activepartinsportsafterschool.
A./B.aC.anD.the
【解析】takeanactivepartin积极参加是固定词组,因此正确答案为C。
【例3】Myfatherusuallyreadsmorningpapersbeforegoingto_______work.
A.theB.aC.anD./
【解析】gotowork去上班是固定词组,不需用冠词,因此正确答案为D。
变式练习
1.Alicewrote_______articleontheeducationalvisitto_______Francelastnight.
A.a;theB.an;theC.the;theD.an;/
2.Theseseatsarefor_______old.Youmaytaketheseatsoverthere.
A.theB.aC.anD./
3.TheOlympicOpeningCeremony(仪式)is_______internationaleventandthewholeworldiswatching!
A.aB.anC.theD./
4.Theyoungmanis_______teacher.Helikesplaying_______football.
A.a;theB.an;/C.a;/D.an;the
5._______youngmanbesidemeis_______universitystudent.
A.A;aB.An;/C.The;anD.The;a
6.—Doyouhave_______MP3player?
—Yes,Ihaveone.
A.theB.aC.anD./
7.Attention,please!
Thereis_______"h"intheword"exhibition".
A.aB.anC.theD./
8.Infrontofourhousingestate,thereis_______one-waystreet.
A.anB.aC./D.the
9.Don'ttalktoSimonlikethat.Afterall,heisonly_______eleven-year-oldboy.
A.aB.anC.theD./
10.Thefilm"KungFuDunk"is_______excitingoneandJayChouis______leadingactor.
A.a;theB.an;theC.the;aD.an;a
1-5DABCD6-10CBBBB
数词
考点归纳
1.基数词变序数词的方法
基变序,有规律;词尾要加th;一二三,特殊记;词尾分别tdd;八去t,九去e;ve则以f替;ty则变作ti;后面还有一个e;要是遇到几十几;只将个位变成序。
如,one—firsttwo—secondthree—thirdeight—eighthnine—ninth
twelve—twelfthtwenty—twentiethtwenty-one—twenty-first
2.分数的表达
分数的分子用基数词,分母用序数词;当分子超过1,分母加s.分子和分母中间通常用“-”连接。
如,1/3和2/5分别为one-third,two-fifths。
注意:
1/2,1/4,3/4的特殊表达方式分别为ahalf,aquarter,threequarters。
含分数的短语作主语时,谓语由分数后的词决定。
3.hundred,thousand和million的用法
数词hundred,thousand和million的用法是在单数形式前加基数词表示具体的量,也可以在其复数形式后加of表示模糊概念,如,hundredsof,thousandsof,millionsof。
4.日期的表达
日期的表达方式为“日月年或月日年”。
如,2009年5月1日在英语中可写为“May1,2009”或“1May,2009”。
5.与数词有关的钟点表达法
顺读法(钟点十分钟)如,4:
30fourthirty
4:
15fourfifteen
倒读法(分钟+to/past+钟点)如,4:
30halfpastfour
4:
15fifteenpastfour/aquarterpastfour
6.序数词与不定冠词连用
序数词与不定冠词(a;an)连用表示“又一,再一”。
如,You'vedoneittwice.Whynottryathirdtime?
7.岁数及年代的表达方式
1)“人+be+数字+(yearsold)”表示“某人多少岁了”。
如,Thelittlegirliseight(yearsold).这个小女孩8岁了。
2)“one'sage+be+数字”表示“某人的年龄是多少”。
如,Thelittlegirl'sageiseight.
3)“几十岁”可用十位数基数词的复数形式,结构为“inone's…s”。
如(be)inone’steens十几岁;(be)inone'stwenties/thirties/forties/…二十多岁/三十多岁/四十多岁...,
4)“inthe1970s”这种结构用于表达世纪和年代,意为“20世纪70年代”,指1970到1979这段时间。
如果只想表达年代,可直接用“intheseventies”表示“在70年代”。
如,Inthel870s,whenMarxwasalreadyinhisfifties,hefounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia,sohebegantolearnRussian.
在19世纪70年代,马克思五十多岁时,他认为研究俄国的形势很重要,便开始学习俄语。
典型例题
【例1】Nanhuidistrictwillprovidefivesquaremetresofcheaperhouses.
A.millionsofB.millionsC.millionD.millionof
【解析】当hundred,thousand,million,billion等和of连用表示粗略的数目时,需用复数。
hundredsof意为“成百的”;thousandsof意为“数千的”;millionsof意为“成百万的”。
但如果这些词前面有具体数词或several时,需用单数。
答案为C。
【例2】Wewillbegladtocelebrateourmotherland,China'sbirthdayonOctoberlst,2009.(sixty)
【解析】序数词的构成一般是在基数词后加-th,但也有几个例外。
请记住这个顺口溜:
“一、二、三特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d。
八减t,九去e,f替ve。
逢上y字换ie。
词尾普加th。
”另外,序数词前一般要用定冠词the。
答案为sixtieth。
【例3】DuringtheSpringFestival,manypeoplecanhaveaholiday.
A.sevendaysB.seven-dayC.seven-daysD.seven-days’
【解析】用“数词加连字符加名词”构成的复合形容词修饰名词时,复合形容词的名词应用单数。
答案为B。
变式练习
I.Choosethebestanswer
1.Itisthetimeinoneweekthatyoubrokedishes.
A.thirdB.threeC.thirtyD.two-thirds
2.Aboutoftheclerksinthisofficeareundertheageof40.
A.three-fifthsB.thirdfifthsC.third-fiveD.threefive
3.—Howmuchwillitcosttobuildtheschoollibrary?
--Aboutfouryuan.
A.millionB.millionsC.millionsofD.millionof
4.—Whichclasswonthematchintheend?
--I'mnotquitesure.Maybe___________did.
A.ClassThirdB.ClassthreeC.thirdClassD.ClassThree
5.Theboywillstaytherefor.
A.oneandhalfB.oneandahalfhour
C.oneandhalfhoursD.oneandahalfhours
6.--DoyouknowwhenChristmasDayis?
--It'son.
A.December24thB.JanuarylstC.December25thD.Octoberlst
7.OurschoolwillorganizeastudytriptoCanadaduringthesummervacation.
A.tendaysB.ten-dayC.ten-daysD.tenday
8.Aftertalk,theydecidedtogotoBeijingonholiday.
A.twohourB.twohoursC.two-hoursD.twohours'
9.—Whatdoyouthinkofthenewbooks?
—Therearesomanynewwordsinchapter.It'sabithard.
A.fifthB.fiveC.thefifthD.thefive
10.WehadlearnedaboutEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.
A.ninehundredsandforty-fiveB.ninehundredsofandforty-five
C.ninehundredandforty-fiveD.ninehundredandfourty-five
1-5AAADD6-10CBDCC
冠词
1.Hisfatheris_______Englishteacher.Heworksinourschool.
A.aB.anC.theD./
2.Ishe_______Americanboy?
A.anB.aC.oneD./
3.Australiais_______English-speakingcountry.
A.aB.anC.theD./
4.Shehas_______orangeskirt._______skirtisnice.
A.a;TheB.an;TheC.an;AD.the;The
5.Thereis_______oldwomaninthecar.
A./B.theC.aD.an
6.Tom,here’s_________appleforyou.Thankyou,Mom.”
A.aB.anC.theD./
7.Lindaalwaystakes_______activepartinsportsafterschool.
A/B.aC.anD.the
8.Hemet_____friendofhisontheroad.
A.aB.theC.anD./
9.―Doyouhave______pen?
―Yes.Ihaveone.
A.aB.anC.theD./
10.Erichas_____e-dogandhisnamesisHobo.
A.aB.anC.theD./
11.Mr.Liis___oldworker.
A.aB.anC.someD./
12.WehavefourEnglishlessons______week.
A.anB.aC.theD./
13.Look!
Thereis_________pictureonthewall.
A.aB.anC.theD./
14.Myfatheris________doctor.Heworksveryhard.
A.aB.anC.theD./
15.―Doyouenjoyyourschoollife?
―Yes,ofcourse.Ihave_____wonderfultimehere.
A.aB.anC./Dthe
16.Iusuallygotoschoolby_____bus,butItook______taxitoschoolyesterday.
A.the,aB./,aC.a,/D.a,the
17.Thereis_______‘h’inthewordhour,and______‘h’isnotpronouncedinthisword.
A.a,theB.the,theC.an,theD./,/
18.Myfatherusuallyreadsmorningpapersbeforegoingto_______work.
A).theB).aC).anD)./
19.Theoldladyteacheschildrentoplay_______pianoataweekendschool.
A).aB).anC).theD)./
20.---Excuseme.WhereisMr.Green’soffice?
---It’son_______floor.
A.sevenB.thesevenC.theseventhD.seventh
KEYS:
1-5BABBD6-10BCAAB11-15:
BBAAA16-20:
BCDCC
数词
1.________ofthestudentsinourclass________moneytothedisabledpeoplethesedays.
A.Two-thirds,haverisenB.Two-thirds,hasraised
C.Two-three,haverisenD.Two-thirds,haveraised
2.________ofthelandinthatdistrict________coveredwithtreesandgrass.
A.Two-fifths;isB.Two-fifth;are