英国文学习题与练习.docx

英国文学习题与练习.docx

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英国文学习题与练习

英国文学习题与练习

Week2EarlyandMedievalEnglishLiterature

ReferenceQuestions:

1.WhoweretheearliestsettlersofBritton/England?

Whatdoyouknowaboutthem（home,language,belief,lifestyle）?

2.Whatarethe3conquests?

Whateffectstheyhaduponthenation?

3.Ideologicallywhatisthemostsignificantchangeinpeople’sspirituallife?

4.Howwasthenationdevelopedpoliticallyorwhatchangeswerethereintheformofthesocialstructure?

5.Intermsofliterature,whatinfluencehadtheFrenchuponEngland?

6.HowmanylanguageswerespokenduringtheFrenchreign?

HowdoyouunderstandmodernEnglishasalanguage?

7.WhatwastheessenceofChristiandoctrinepreachedatthetime?

Wasthereanyignoblereasonbehindit?

8.WhywastheMiddleAgesknownastheDarkAges?

9.Whatwastheformofliteratureatthetime?

Whatfeaturesdoesithave?

10.Whatarethe3periods/stagesofChaucer’sliterarycareer?

11.InwhatwaydowecallChaucer’sCanterburyTalesthefirstworkofEnglishliterature?

TextstudyChaucer’sTheCanterburyTales/ThePrioress

Pre-reading

YouaregoingtoreadChaucer’sdescriptionofaprioress,anunwhoistheheadofareligiousorderorareligioushouse（e.g.anabbey）.BeforereadingChaucer’sdescription,wecouldtrytocreateapictureofanunfromourknowledgeorimagination.

1.Imaginethefacialexpressionofanun,whatwordswouldyouusetodescribeit?

2.Anun,especiallyaprioress,isusuallyremarkableforthefollowingcharacteristics（tickthewords/expressionsofyourchoice）:

asolemnity,charm,kindness

bserious/pleasant/easy-going/sombremanners

cfullofsense/sensibility

3.Ifshecarriesamotto,whichdoyouthinkismorelikelytobeherchoice?

aAllthatglistersisnotgold.

bGlorybelongstotheKing.

cGodhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.

dLoveconquersall.

Discussion

1.Whatisimageofthenun?

2.Isshefavorablyandadmirablyorsatiricallyportrayed?

How?

3.Whatfiguresofspeechareused?

LanguageandStyle

1.Selectadetailwhichcontainshumourorirony.Whatmakesitcomicorironic?

2.Whatdoyounoticeabouttherhymeattheendofthelines

Week3Renaissance

（1）

Referencequestions

1.WhatisRenaissance?

Howandwhydiditcomeabout?

2.Whatisthedevelopmentofdrama?

Whatweretheoriginalformsandcontentandpracticeofdrama?

3.WhydiddramaflourishinElizabethanage?

Whoarethemajorplaywrightsofthetime?

4.WhoisMarlowe?

WhatcontributionsdidhemaketoEnglishdrama?

5.WhoisShakespeare?

Whatfamousandgreatplays（history,comedy,tragedy）?

Whatfeatures?

6.WhatdidBenJonsonwriteabout?

Whatrepresentativework?

7.PreparetheexcerptfromHamlet（31-32）.Whatisitmainlyabout?

Whathumanistideacanyoufindinthesoliloquy?

8.Whatwasthemostimportanttranslationofthetime?

Week4Renaissance

（2）

ReferencequestionsonShakespeareandHamlet

1.WhyisShakespeareaneternalsubjectofstudy?

Wherelieshisgreatness?

2.WhatarethethemesofHamlet?

3.WhatisthesignificanceofHamletasacharacter?

4.Whatisblankverse?

5.Whatissoliloquy?

Textstudy1Hamlet’ssoliloquy“Tobeornottobe”

1.WhatisthemainideaofHamlet’ssoliloquy?

Summarizeinoneortwosentencesthemainideaofthesoliloquy?

2.Howdoesthesoliloquyreflectthespiritofthetimeortheideaofhumanism?

3.HowdoyouanalyzeHamlet’sargumentintermsofstructure?

Textstudy2TheMerchantofVenice/TheTrialScene

Pre-reading

ThemostinterestingcharacterinthisplayisShylock.Somepeoplethinkhimasacreulmiser,deservinghispunishmentwhileothersconsiderhimavictimofdiscrimination.Fromwhatyouknowoftheplay,whatdoyouthinkofthischaracter?

Towhatextentdoesthischaracterdeservesoursympathy?

Discusswithyourclassmates.

Discussion

1.Afterreadingthe“trialscene”,haveyouchangedyourideaaboutShylock?

RefertothequestionsinPre-reading,andtrytodefendyourpositionwithevidencefromthetext.

2.PortiagivesaneloquentspeechonmercywhenshetriestopersuadeShylocktogiveuphisbond.ConsiderthepunishmentreceivedbyShylock,doyouthinktheChristiansarebeingmercifultoShylock?

3.InShakespeare’sday,theplaywrightsdidnotgivedetailsofstagedirectionintheirplaytext.Inthisplay,forexample,nothingissaidabouthowShylockleavesthestage.Ishecontent?

Orishesad?

Doesheshowhisanger?

IfyouweretheactorplayingtheroleofShylock,howwouldyouperformhisexit?

Week5Renaissance（3）

QuestionsforRenaissancepoetryandprose

1.WhowasthoughttobethegreatestEnglishpoetsinceChaucer?

Whatishisrepresentativework?

Whatarethefeaturesofthispoem?

2.Whatnewforms（rhyme—blankverse,stanza--sonnet）ofpoetrywereintroducedintoEngland?

Bywhom?

3.Whowerethefamoussonneteersofthetime?

4.HowdoyoutellanItalian（Petrarchan）sonnetfromanEnglish（aShakespearean）one?

5.HowmanysonnetsdidShakespearewrite?

Whatarethemajorsubjects?

6.Whowerethetwomajorprosewriters?

WhatisUtopia?

WheredoyouthinkMorepossiblygottheideaorwasitallhisowninvention?

Howdoyouinterpretthetitleofthebook?

7.WhatcontributiondidBaconmaketotheEnglishsystemofthinkingandlearning?

8.What’sthepurposeofhisEssays?

9.Basedonyourreadingofhiswork,giveyourpersonalimpressionof/commentonhisEssays?

10.TheEnglishRenaissanceperiodisknownforitstranslations.Whatarethemostimportanttranslationsofthisage?

Textstudy1Sonnet18byShakespeare

Questions

1.WhatistheEnglishsonnetform?

Studythemetricalandrhymeschemeaswellasthestructure?

2.What’sthemainidea?

Isitreallyaboutlove?

Whatispeculiarofthislovepoem?

3.Whatfiguresofspeechareused?

Textstudy2“OfStudies”byF.Bacon

Prereading

Chooseoneoftheheadingsbelowandwritedownacoupleofsentencesaccordingtotheheading:

1.Learningcanbeusedto............

2.People’sattitudestowardsknowledgediffer:

3.Notallbooksshouldbereadinthesameway:

LanguageandStyle

1.Bacon’saphoristicstyleischaracterizedbythefrequentuseofparallelism.Findonesuchexamplefromthetextandeithertranslateorparaphrasetheselectedsentences.

2.Underlinesomeofthemetaphorsormetaphoricaldescriptionsintheessay.Selectatleasttwoandexplainwhattheyillustrate.

Writing

Writeacommentaryofabout250wordsaccordingtothefollowingrequirements:

a）chooseoneoftheheadingsinPrereadingastheopeningsentenceofyourcomment;

b）quoteBaconandexplainhisidea;

c）commentonBacon’sideaandexpressyourpersonalopinion.

Discussion

1.Howdoyoudefinethestyle?

2.StudytheessaybycomparingtheEnglishversionwiththetranslationofMrWang.HowdoyouliketheChineseversion?

3.Paraphraseandcommentonsentences1-6,10-12.

Week6RevolutionandRestoration

Referencequestions

1.Whatwasthemostimportantsocialeventduringthemid-17thcentury?

2.Whatwerethetwomostpopularformsoflyric?

3.WhyisMiltonthegreatestpoetoftheperiod?

WhatisthesignificanceofParadiseLost?

TextstudyParadiseLostbyJohnMilton

LanguageandStyle

1.Towhomorwhatdothefollowingrefer?

Extract1

“thisarm”（l.9）:

“thisgreatevent”（l.14）:

“That”（l.11）:

“ourgrandFoe”（l.18）:

“thisempyrealsubstance”（l.13）:

Extract2

“thynewpossessor”（l.11）:

“th’Almighty”（l.18）:

UnderstandingandInterpretation

Re-writethefollowinginproseform,usingyourownwordswheneverpossible.

Extract1

“Tobowandsueforgrace…thisdownfall”（ll.7-12）

Extract2

“farthestfromhisisbest,…Abovehisequals”（ll.6-8）

Discussion

1.Whatisthehistoricalbackgroundofthework?

2.Asatransitionalwriter,howdoesMiltoncombinehishumanisticideaswithhisPuritanideas?

3.WhatistheimageandthesignificanceofSataninthetwoextracts?

4.Whatphilosophycanwegetfromthetext?

Extension

SatanisundoubtedlyanimportantcharacterinMilton’spoem.WaldoClarkesaysofSatan,“Prideishisrulingpassionandnexttoitanindomitablecourageandhope.”CanyoufindevidencefromthetwoextractsthatyouhavereadtosupportorrefuteClarke’sclaim?

HowwouldyoudescribeSatan?

Week718thcenturyEnlightenment

（1）Questions

1.Whatwasthemostimportantintellectualeventofthetime?

2.The18thcenturyiscalledanageofthebourgeoisie.Why?

Andwhateffectithadonliteratureofthecentury?

3.WhydidEnglishnovelappearinthiscentury?

4.Whatarethemajorformsofliterature?

5.Whathaveneo-classicismandrealismgottodowiththeEnlightenmentMovement?

6.WhydidliteratureofSentimentalityandGothicismcomeintobeinginthelatterpartofthecentury?

Textstudy1J.Swift’s“AModestProposal”

UnderstandingandInterpretation

1.Summarizeinacoupleofsentencesthe“modestproposal”putforwardinthispamphlet.

2.FindoutSwift’sgenuineproposalsandparaphrasethemusingsentenceform.

LanguageandStyle

Explaintheironyinthefollowingphrasesincontext:

1.“sacrificingthepoorinnocentbabes”（Extract5）

2.“willnotbeliabletotheleastobjection”（Extract7）

3.“humblypropose”“humblyoffer”（Extract7）

4.“averyworthyperson,atrueloverofhiscountryandwhosevirtueIhighlyesteem”（Extract8）

5.“alittleborderinguponcruelty”（Extract8）

6.“acountrywhichwouldbegladtoeatupourwholenationwithoutit...”（Extract10）

Discussion

1.Howdoyoudescribethenarrator’stone?

2.WhatorwhoarethetargetsofSwift’smockery?

3.Istheproposalmodest?

Proveyourpoint.

Week818thcenturyEnlightenment

（2）

Textstudy2AnEssayonManbyA.Po