训练题1.docx

训练题1.docx

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训练题1

Test1

PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks．Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage．Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices．Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter．PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre．Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce．

Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage．

VermonthasbecomethefirstUSstatetorequirethatfoodcontaininggeneticallymodifiedingredientsbelabelled．Thelawispresentedasincreasingconsumers'（36）toinformation,butitisunclearhowitwillhelpbecausescientistsbelievethesewidely-used

（37）areharmless．

From1July2016,allgeneticallymodified（GM）foodsoldinVermontmusthavethewords"producedwithgenetic（38）"emblazonedonthepackagingina"clearandconspicuous"way．Thebillwassignedintolawon8Maybythestate's（39）PeterShumlin．ConnecticutandMainehavepassedsimilarlaws,butthesewillonlytakeeffectonceotherstatesjoinin．VermontisthefirststatetorequirethatGMfoodbelabelled（40）

Almosteverythinginan（41）grocerystoreintheUScontainsaningredientwithsomelevelofgeneticmodification．MostUS-growncornandsoyisgeneticallymodified,andthesearepresentinawide（42）offoods．Thechemicalusedtobreakdownmilktomakecheese,chymosin,waspreviouslymadefromtheprocessedstomachsofyoungcalves,butisnowmostlyproducedusinggenetically-engineeredbacteria．

PlantgeneticistPatrickByrneofColoradoStateUniversityinFortCollinssaysheis

（43）ofanyevidencethatGMfoodsareharmfultohumans．"Givenallthehypeandthefearfulmessagesbeingcirculated,Ithinkalabelwouldlikelybe（44）asawarningthatyoumightwanttoavoidthisproduct,notaneutralmessage,"hesays．"Youwouldthinktherewouldbemoreconcernover（45）residues,orwhethermanurewasusedtoproducethisfood,"saysByrne．

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答

A．averageB．accessC．intentionallyD．interpretedE．pesticideF．engineering

G．howeverH．ingredientsI．governor

J．engineerK．typesL．varietyM．unaware

N．awareO．unconditionally

SectionB

Directions:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit．Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs,Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived．Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce．Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter．AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2．

AppsDesignedforDistractedDrivers

A．MarryWilliamsrecallstheconversationsheandhiswifewouldhavewiththeirtwodaughtersaboutthedangersoftalkingandtextingwhiledriving．．"It'salwaysaconcern,"saidWilliams．"Wejustdrilleditintotheirheadsoverandoveruntiltheysaid'Okay,wegetit,'andwhenwesawsomethingaboutthedangersofdriverstextingonTVwemadesuretheysawit,too．"

B．ParentslikeWilliamshavegoodreasontoworry．Halfofteenssaytheytallonacellphonewhiledriving,athirdsaytheyswaptextmessages,andalmosthalfsaythey'vebeenapassengerinavehiclewithateendriverwhosephoneuseputthematrisk,accordingtofederalstatistics．Teendriversaremorelikelytogetintoafatalcrashthananyoneundertheageof80,inpartbecausetheirbrainsarestilldevelopingthesystemthatevaluatesrisk．

C．Thesedays,however,there'sanappforthat,severalofthem,infact．Thereareappsthatpreventmobile-deviceusewhiledriving,andsomeofthemalertparentsoremployerswhenausertriestobeatthesystem．They'veemergedonthemarketasalarmgrowsoverthecarnagecausedbydistracteddriving．

D．Morethan3,300peopledieand420,000areinjuredannuallyincrashesattributedtodistracteddrivers．Butthosenumbersmaybelowbecause,otherthanadriver'sadmissionoffault,it'sachallengetoprovethatdistractioncausedacrash．Amongalldriversinvolvedinfatalcrashes,teenswerethemostlikelytohavebeendistracted,NationalHighwayTrafficAdministrationdatashow．"Theyfeelinvincible,"saidJurekGrabowski,directorofresearchattheAAAFoundationforTrafficSafety．"Theyhavelargesocialnetworksandtheywanttostayincontactwiththem．"

E．Conversationsonthego,texting,surfingtheInternetandtakingselfies（自拍）aresuchahabitamongteensthatstudiesshowtheyunderestimatetherisk．Teensmakeupasignificantpercentageoftheapproximately660,000driverswhoarehavingphoneconversationsormanipulatingelectronicdeviceswhiledrivingatanygivenmomentduringdaylighthoursintheUnitedStates．Andmostteenagerswhochat,textorsurfwhiledrivingarebreakingthelaw．TheDistrictand37states--includingMarylandandVirginia--bannovicedriversfromtalkingonthephonewhiledriving．Thethreelocaljurisdictions（管辖区）and41otherstatesbaralldriversfromsendingandreceivingtextmessageswhiledriving．Butrespectforthoselawsissimilartothatgiventhespeedlimit．

F．"Weneedtoalmostturnthisthingintoabrick,"DavidColemansaidrecently,holdinguphiscellphonewhilesittinginaBowieStarbucks．"Itcan'tjustbeabouttexting．Ithastobeaboute-mail,Facebookandnoinappropriatecalls．"ColemanismarketingdirectorforLouisiana-basedCellcontrol,oneofseveralcompaniescompetingforthechancetoshutdownpeople'smobiledeviceswhilethey'redriving．Mostofthecompaniesthatsellcellphoneservice--Verizon,AT&T,Sprintandothers--alsoprovideappsthatcanlimitaccess．

G．ManyoftheappsaretriggeredwhenaGPSsensordetectsthatavehicleisinmotion,andsome—suchasAT&T'sDriveMode---willalertparentsoremployerswhentheapphasbeenturnedoffordisabled．Independentexpertsconsiderthatafeaturebuyersshouldlookfor．"Especiallyforyoungerdrivers．Ascleverasyoucanbe,theywillbemoreclever,"saidLeoMcCloskey,atechspecialistfortheIntelligentTransportationSocietyofAmerica．"Thebestwaytodoitistointegratethedevicewiththevehiclesothatyoucouldhavemoreprecisecontrol．"

H．Thatprecisecontrolmeansthatparentsoremployerscanselectthefeaturestheywanttoallowtheirdriverstouseandblockthosethatworrythem．"It'simportanttohaveasolidoversightfunctionsothatusecanbemonitoredbyafleet（车队）managerorparent,"saidRussRaderoftheInsuranceInstituteforHighwaySafety．"Cellcontrolisoneofthebetter,mostcompletesystems．TeenSaferisanotheronethatwe'velookedatthatworksprettywell．．Theseproductsaregoingtobethemostusefulforfleetoperatorsandforparentstryingtocontrolphoneusebytheirdrivingteens．BothCellcontrolandTeenSaferwillreportattemptstodisruptthesystem．"

I．Businessesthatsendfleetsofcars,vansortrucksontothestreetshaveshownincreasinginterestinthoseproducts,asjurieshaveissuedmultimillion-dollarrewardstothoseinjuredorkilledbydistracteddriverswhowereonthejob．

J．Systemsintegratedintothevehiclearetriggeredwhenthecarortruckbeginstomove．"We'renotguessingbasedonasatellite,we'redependingonthevehicletotellus,"saidCellcontrol'sColemanashespentamorningdemonstratinghiscompany'sproductinPrinceGeorge'sCounty．"Otherwise,howdoIknowyou'renotonaGreyhoundbusoronaplanethathaslandedandistaxiing（滑行）tothegate?

"

K．Cellcontrolprovidestwooptionsforconnectingtoavehicle．OneisadevicethesizeofanE-Zpasstransponder（电子收费应答器）thatisgluedtothewindshieldwiththesameadhesivematerialusedtosecurerearviewmirrors．Themoresophisticatedchoiceplugsintoavehicle'sdiagnosticcomputerport．The$129-systemworkswithiPhones,Androids,BlackBerrysandWindowsMobile．

L．Thesysteminvolvesanappthatisdownloadedtothephoneofthedriver--teenageroremployee．Thekeytothesystemissoftwarethatcanbeinstalledonahomecomputer,tabletormobiledevicethatallowsanauthorizedperson--parentorboss--tocustomizewhatthedriverispermittedtodo,andtomonitorcompliance（遵从）．"We'renotblockingthesignal,we'reallowingaprotectivepolicytobebroughtintothedevice,"hesaid．"Theadministratorhastheoptiontomakethepolicyasrestrictiveaspossible,ornot．"Forexample,phoneusecouldberestrictedtoahands-freedevice．Orcallscouldberestrictedtoanemergencynumberoraparentoroffice．Orparentscouldattempttomandate（命令）thatallpassengersinthecardrivenbytheirteenagerdownloadtheapp．"Youcoulddecidethisisthekids'carandwedon'twantastupidsittinginthepassenger'sseatshowingthedriverYouTubevideos,"Colemansaid．

M．Colemandemonstratedhowhisphonewaspre-programmedtogointosafemodewhenhedrove,butwhenhandedtoapassengeritwasfullyoperative．Asecondphonehebroughtalongwentintosafemodewhenthecarwasmoving,regardlessofwhetheritwasinhishandsorthoseofapassenger．Acknowledgingthatparentsaredealingwithatechnology-savvy（精通科技的）generationandthatemployersexistinatechnologicallysmartworld,Colemansaid,"We'vebuiltinsometrapsandfail-safes（故障安全装置）tonotifytheparentoremployer．"

N．McCloskeysaidthatcompanieslikeCellcontrolthatprovideintegratedservicesare"whereweneedtogo．""Theoperatingsystemofthephoneitselfcaninteractwiththeoperatingsystemofthevehicleinsuchawaythatservicescanbeauthorized,servicescanbepresented,andservicescanbeconsumedallinasafeandpredictablemanner,"McCloskeysa