新人教版 中考英语 九全U12语法聚焦和练习及答案.docx

新人教版 中考英语 九全U12语法聚焦和练习及答案.docx

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新人教版中考英语九全U12语法聚焦和练习及答案

2019中考英语人教九全U1—2语法聚焦和练习及答案

一、阅读理解。

Empathy（同情心）letsusfeelanotherperson’spainanddrivesustohelp.Doanyotheranimalsfeelempathy?

Scientistsrecentlyfoundthatrats（老鼠）do,too.

Mostpeopledon’tlikerats.Inmanypeople’seyes,ratsareonlybad.ButJeanDecetyandhispartnersattheUniversityofChicagodidanexperiment.Itshowedthatratsarekind,warm-heartedanimals.Theycanfeeleachother’spain.

Scientistsplacedpairsofratsinplasticcages（笼子）fortwoweeks.Duringthistimetheygottoknoweachother.Thentheyputoneoftheratsfromeachpairintoasmallcontainer（容器）inthecages.Thesmallcontainerhadadoor.Itwassodesignedastofalltothesidewhenthefreerattouchedit.Manyofthetrapped（困住的）ratssqueaked（吱吱叫）toshowtheirdiscomfort.Theotherratsofthepairscouldseetheirsufferingfriendsclearly.

Inmostpairs,thefreeratswouldbecomeveryworriedabouttheirfriends.Theykepttryingtosavetheirfriendsagainandagainthroughoutthemonth.Scientistsputtherats’favoritechocolateinthecages,buttheratsdidn’teatituntiltheyhadsavedtheirfriendssuccessfully.Scientistsalsofoundthatfemaleratsseemedtoactmoreempatheticthanmalerats.

“Theresultsarethefirsttoshowthatratstakeactioninresponsetoanother’strouble,”Decetysaid.“Monkeysandchimpanzeeshavesimilarbehavior.Butunlikethoseanimals,ratscanbereadyusedinlaboratorystudies.Theywillhelpustolearnwhichpartsofthebrainleadtoempathyandhelpingbehaviorandwhetherempathyisnatural.”

1.Apersonwithempathyisoften_____.

A.kind-heartedB.cleverC.activeD.strong

2.WhatdoestheunderlinewordmeaninChinese?

A.休息的B.睡着的C.死亡的D.受苦的

3.Whydidn’tthefreeratseatthechocolateatfirst?

A.Becausetheywerefullatthattime.

B.Becausechocolatewasnottheirfavoritefood.

C.Becausetheywantedtosavethetrappedratsfirst.

D.Becausetheywereafraidthatthechocolatewasbad.

4.WhichofthefollowinganimalswereNOTmentionedinthepassage?

A.Monkeys.B.Cats.C.Rats.D.Chimpanzees.

5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Ratscanfeelotheranimals’pain.

B.Chocolateisrats’favoritefood.

C.Femaleratsaremoreempatheticthanmalerats.

D.Ratsareempatheticandcanfeeleachother’spain.

参考答案1—5ADCBD

二、教材语法聚焦

1.how引导的特殊疑问句及其答语（九Unit1）

【基本用法】

how表示“怎样……”；介词by“通过/靠……方式”，表示方式、方法。

【教材例句】

1.—HowdoyoulearnEnglish?

你是怎样学习英语的？

—Ilearnbystudyingwithagroup.我通过小组合作学习。

2.—HowcanIreadfaster?

我怎样能读得更快点儿？

—Youcanreadfasterbyreadingwordgroups.你可以通过读词组读得更快点。

【即学即练】

（　　）1.（2017海南改编）Mr.Zhaoisgoingtotheairport______taxi.

A.inB.on

C.byD.at

（　　）2.______doyouimproveyourwriting?

—Iimproveit______writingemailstomypenpals.

A.How;withB.What;with

C.How;byD.What;by

2.宾语从句（I）：

that，if，whether引导（九Unit2）

【基本用法】

在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。

that引导陈述句，if和weather引导一般疑问句。

【教材例句】

1.IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthinThailand.我认为在泰国四月是最热的一个月。

2.Iwonderifthey'llhavetheracesagainnextyear.我想知道他们明年是否会再有比赛。

3.IwonderwhetherJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.我想知道六月是否是去香港旅游的好时间。

【即学即练】

（　　）3.I'vedecidedtogotoLondonnextweekend.Iwaswondering______youcouldgowithme.

A.ifB.when

C.thatD.where

（　　）4.Iheard______itisbecomingmoreandmorepopulartocelebrateMother'sDayinChina.

A.thatB.if

C.whatD.whether

（　　）5.—Doyouknowwhatthearticletellsus?

—Well,ourfuturedependson______.

A.whatdoyoudoB.thatyouwerelucky

C.whetheryouworkhardD.howmuchdidyouget

3.感叹句（九Unit2）

【基本用法】

What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语；what＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！

；How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！

【教材例句】

1.WhatfuntheWaterFestivalis!

泼水节多么有趣啊！

2.Whatalovelydayitis!

多么可爱的一天啊！

3.Howprettythedragonboatswere!

那些龙舟是多么的漂亮啊！

【即学即练】

（　　）6.—DoyouknowthatHangzhouisgoingtoholdthe19thAsianGamesin2022?

—______news!

Ican'twaittowatchthegames.

A.WhatbadB.Whatgood

C.HowbadD.Howgood

（　　）7.TheplayersinSuperBraincanworkoutdifferentproblemsinaveryshorttime.

—______amazingtheyare!

Theyhavesuperbrainsindeed.

A.HowB.Howa

C.WhatD.Whata

参考答案：

1～5CCAAC　6～7BA

三、完形填空。

Theearthisourhome.Wemusttakecareofit.Lifetodayiseasierthanitwas1______yearsago,butithasbroughtsomenewproblems.Oneofthebiggestproblemsispollution.Wecanseeit,smellit,drinkitandevenhearit.

　Manhaspollutedthe2_____.Themorepeople,themorepollution.Manyyearsago,theproblemwasnotsoseriousbecausetherewerenotso3____people.Whenthelandwasuseduportheriverwasnotcleaninaplacemanwentto4_____place.Nowmanisslowlypollutingthewholeworld.

　5____pollutionisstillthemostserious,it'sbadfor6____thingsintheworld.

Manycountriesdon'tletpeopleburn7____forairinthehousesandfactoriesinthecity.PollutionbySO2isnowthemostdangerouskindofairpollution.It'scausedbyheavytraffic.Peoplesayit's8_____toridebikes.Whenyouareriding,thereisnopollution.Butevenindevelopedcountries,mostpeopledon'tgotoworkbybike.It'snotbecausebikesareexpensiveorpeoplearetirediftheyridetowork.It'sbecausethenumberofcarsontheroadsbecomeslarger.Somorepeople9_____theirbikesandgotoworkbycar,thenthingsaregettingworseandworse.Weshouldhavespecialroadsonlyforbikesandmakeit10______difficultandexpensivefordriverstotaketheircarsintothecitythattheywillgobacktousingtheirbikes.

　（）1.A.hundredB.hundredsofC.hundredofD.hundreds

　（）2.A.moonB.starC.earthD.sun

（）3.A.lotB.littleC.manyD.much

　（）4.A.othersB.theothersC.theotherD.another

　（）5.A.AirB.FoodC.WaterD.Noise

　（）6.A.lifeB.liveC.livingD.lives

（）7.A.somethingbadB.badsomething

C.somethinggoodD.goodsomething

　（）8.A.leastB.bestC.mostD.worst

　（）9.A.putonB.lookatC.putawayD.lookup

　（）10.A.quiteB.suchC.veryD.so

【答案详解】1-5BCCDA6-10CABCD

　　1.B.hundredsof是一种固定搭配形式。

　　2.C.文章开头第一句话就告诉我们“Theearthisourhome”。

它与这句话应该是相互对应的。

所以现在人类所污染的也是地球。

　　3.C.许多年以前，地球上是没有这么多人的。

people还是可数名词，因此应该用many修饰。

　　4.D.others和theothers都是代词，应该单独使用。

theother特指两者中的另外一个。

another则是多者中的另一个。

根据文章的意思，当人们用完一块土地和水资源后，就会迁移到另一个地方去，而地球上有很多地方。

所以用another比较合理。

　　5.A.下面一段介绍的都是空气污染。

并且空气污染已经成为当今世界最严重的污染方式。

　　6.C.things是名词，前面应该用形容词修饰，life和lives是名词，live是动词。

只有living是形容词。

　　7.A.形容词修饰以thing,body,one结尾的不定代词时应该放在这些不定代词之后。

而且被禁止燃烧的应该是不好的东西。

　　8.B.根据下句“Whenyouareriding,thereisnopollution.”可知骑自行车是最好的减少空气污染的方法。

　　9.C.根据下句“andgotoworkbycar”可知人们还是将自行车放了起来。

　　10.D.“so+形容词或副词+that”表示“如此……以致于……”。

四、任务型阅读。

阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成1-5题（请注意各问题后的字数要求）。

CarFreeDayencouragesdriventogiveuptheircarforadaytoprotecttheenvironment.Peoplefromaroundtheworldgettogetherinthestreetstoremindtheworldthatwedon'thavetoacceptthesocietyfullofcars.Itwasfirststartedby34citiesinFranceandSeptember22isCarFreeDay.ThefirstCarFreeDayinChinawasinChengduin2001.Thesloganforthedayis“Ifwedriveforonelessday,wecanhaveonemoreniceday.”

OrganizedactivitiesareheldinmanycitiesonCarFreeDay.InBrussels,CarFreeDayshallbevalid（有效的）foreverybodyexceptpersonswithaspecialpermit（许可征）,buttheyhavetoslowdowntothespeedof30kilometersperhour.Thepublictransportationisfreeonthatday.InLondon,theyhavespecial“greenareas”.Walking,bikingandpublictransportationareencouraged.Thestreetsareopenonlytowalkers,bicyclesandbusesfrom7:

00amto7:

00pm.InBeijing,itasksdriverstoleavetheircarsathomeforonedayeachmonthandwalkorrideabiketowork.Moreandmorepeoplearejoiningintheactivity.Inthefirstquarterofthisyear,Beijingonlyhad52blueskydays,andyoumayseehaze（雾霾）almosteveryday!

WemustdomoreforCarFreeDayasaBeijingdriversaid.“Wemaynotchangetheweather,butwecanchoosenottodrive.”

Butwedonotwantjustonedayandthenareturnto“normal”life.WeshouldgoonwithCarFreeDay.

1.WherewasCarFreeDaystartedfirst?

【within（不超过）twowords】

___________________________________________

2.HowlongshouldthecardriversnotdriveinthestreetsinLondononCarFreeDay?

【withinthreewords】

____________________________________________

3.Who’sallowedtodriveonCarFreeDayinBrussels?

【withinfivewords】

____________________________________________

4.WhatdoesCarFreeDayaskBeijingersnottodoeverymonth?

【withinninewords】

__________________________________________________

5.WhatwasthepurposeofCarFreeDay?

【withinsevenwords】

____________________________________________

【参考答案】

1.InFrance.2.Twelvehours.3.Personswithaspecialpermit.

4.Drivetoworkforonedayeachmonth.5.Toprotecttheenvironment.