江苏省普通高校专转本统一考试.docx

江苏省普通高校专转本统一考试.docx

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江苏省普通高校专转本统一考试

　　2002年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试

　　大学英语

　　本试卷分第I卷（客观题）和第II卷（主观题）两部分。

第I卷1页至11页，第II卷12页至14页。

两卷满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

　　卷中未注明做大对象的试题为英语类和非英语类学生共同作答的试题，注明作答对象的试题按规定作答。

　　第I卷（共100分）

　　注意事项：

　　1、答第I卷前，考生务必按规定要求填涂答题卡上的姓名、准考证号等项目及卷首和第7页上的姓名；

　　2、用铅笔把答题卡上相应题号中正确答案的标号涂黑。

答案不涂在答题卡上，成绩无效。

　　PartIReadingComprehension（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）

　　Directions:

Inthisparttherearefourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfourcomprehensionquestions.Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.ThenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

　　Passage1

　　Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　InWashingtonD.C.,1600PennsylvaniaAvenueisaveryspecialaddress.ItistheaddressoftheWhiteHouse,thehomeofthepresidentoftheUnitedStates.

　　OriginallytheWhiteHousewasgrayandwascalledthePresidentialPalace.Itwasbuiltfrom1792to1800.atthistime,thecityofWashingtonitselfwasbeingbuilt;itwastobethenation’snewcapitalcity.GeorgeWashington,thefirstpresident,andPierreCharlesL’Enfant,aFrenchengineer,chosetheplaceforthenewcity.L’Enfantthenplannedtheycity.Thepresident’shomewasanimportantpartoftheplan.

　　Acontestwasheldtopickadesignforthepresident’shome.AnarchitectnamedJamesHobanwon.Hedesignedalargethree-storyhouseofgraystone.

　　PresidentWashingtonneverlivedinthePresidentPalace.ThefirstpresidenttolivetherewasJohnAdams,thesecondpresidentoftheUnitedStates,andhiswifeMrs.Adamsdidnotreallylikehewnewhouse.Inherletters,sheoftencomplainedaboutthecold.Fiftyfireplaceswerenotenoughtokeepthehousewarm!

　　In1812theUnitedStatesandBritainwenttowar.In1814theBritishinvadedWashington.Theuburnedmanybuildings,includingthePresidentialPalace.

　　AfterthewarJamesHoban,theoriginalarchitect,partiallyrebuiltthepresident’shomes.Tocoverthemarksofthefire,thebuildingwaspaintedwhite.BeforelongitbecameknownastheWhiteHouse.

　　TheWhiteHouseisoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheUnitedStates.Everyyearmorethan1.5millionvisitorsgothroughthefiveroomsthatareopentothepublic.

　　1.TheWhiteHousewasbuiltinWashington.

　　A.becauseaFrenchengineerwasinvitedtodesignit

　　B.becausePresidentGeorgeWashingtonlikedtoliveinit

　　C.becausetheBritishinvaderslivedinitin1812-1814

　　D.becauseitwastobethenation’scapitalcity

　　2.ThePresidentialPalacewas.

　　A.paintedgrayandwhiteB.madeofgraystone

　　C.madeofwhitestoneD.madeverywarminwinter

　　3.Thepresident’shomeandthecityofWashingtonwere.

　　A.builtbytheAmericanarmyB.builtbytheBritishtroops

　　C.plannedbyGeorgeWashingtonD.plannedbytheFrench

　　4.Theoriginalhomeofthepresidentneededtoberebuilt.

　　A.becauseJohnAdam’swifedidnotlikeit

　　B.becauseitwascoldinwinterevenwith50fireplaces

　　C.becauseithadburneddownduringthewar

　　D.becauseGeorgeWashingtonwasnotwillingtoliveinit

　　5.Thenewpresidentialhomewaspaintedwhiteto.

　　A.coverthemarksoffireB.attracttouristfromFrance

　　C.topleaseMrs.JohnAdamsD.keepitwarminwinter

　　Passage2

　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Therearetwokindsofmemory:

shot-termandlong-term.Informationinlong-termmemorycanberememberedatalatertimewhenitisneeded.Theinformationmaybekeptfordaysorweeks.However,informationoverandover.Thefollowingexperimentshowshowshort-termmemoryhasbeenstudied.

　　HenningstudiedhowstudentswhoarelearningEnglishasasecondlanguageremembervocabulary.Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegestudents.TheyrepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:

beginning,intermediate,andnative-speakingstudents.

　　Tobegin,thesubjectslistenedtoarecordingofanativespeakerreadingaparagraphinEnglish.Followingtherecording,thesubjectstooka15-questiontesttoseewhichwordstheyremembered,eachquestionhadfourchoices.Thesubjectshadtocirclethewordtheyhadheardintherecording.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthatsoundalike.Forexample,weather,whether,wither,andwetterarefourwordsthatsoundalike.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthathavethesamemeaning.Method,way,manner,andsystemwouldbefourwordswiththesamemeaning.Finallythesubjectstookalanguageproficiencytest.

　　HenningfoundthatstudentswithalowerproficiencyinEnglishmademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthatsoundalike;studentswithahigherproficiencymademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthathavethesamemeaning.Henning’sresultssuggestthatbeginningstudentsholdthesoundofwordsintheirshort-termmemory,andadvancedstudentsholdthemeaningofwordsintheirshort-termmemory.

　　6.Henningmadetheexperimentinordertostudy.

　　A.howstudentsrememberEnglishvocabularybyshort-termmemory

　　B.howstudentslearnEnglishvocabulary

　　C.howtodevelopstudents’abilityinEnglish

　　D.howlonginformationinshort-termmemoryiskept

　　7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

　　A.Informationinshort-termmemoryisdifferentfromthatinlong-termmemory.

　　B.Long-termmemorycanbeachievedonlybytraining.

　　C.Itiseasiertotestshort-termmemorythanlong-termmemory.

　　D.Henninggaveaseparatetestonvocabularytohisstudents.

　　8.FromHenning’sresultwecanseethat.

　　A.beginnershavedifficultydistinguishingthepronunciationofwords

　　B.advancedstudentsrememberwordsbytheirmeaning

　　C.itisdifficulttorememberwordsthatsoundalike

　　D.itisdifficulttorememberwordsthathavethesamemeaning

　　9.Theword“subjects”inthepassagemeans.

　　A.memoryB.thethemeoflisteningmaterial

　　C.abranchofknowledgestudiedD.thestudentsexperimentedon

　　Passage3

　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Thecowboyistheheroofmanymovies,.Heis,eventoday,asymbolofcourageandadventure.Butwhatwasthelifeofthecowboyreallylike?

　　Thecowboy’sjobisclearfromthewordcowboy.Cowboyweremenwhotookcareofcowsandothercattle.ThecattlewereintheWestandinTexas.PeopleinthecitiesoftheEastwantedbeefthesecattle.Trainscouldtakethecattleeast.Butfirstthecattlehadtogettothetrains.Partofthecowboy’sjobwastotakethecattlehundredsofmilestotherailroadtown.Thetripswerecalledcattledrivers.Acattledriveusuallytookseveralmonths.Cowboysrodeforsixteenhoursaday.Becausetheyrodesomuch,eachcowboybroughtalongabouteighthorses.Acowboychangedhorsesseveraltimeseachday.

　　Thecowboyshadtomakesurethatcattlearrivedsafely.Beforestartingonadrive,thecowboysbrandedthecattle.Theyburnedamarkonthecattletoshowwhotheybelongedto.Butthesemarksdidn’tstoprustlers,orcattlethieves.Cowboyshadtoprotectthecattlefromrustlers.Rustlersmadethedangeroustripevenmoredangerous.

　　Eventhoughtheirworkwasverydifficultanddangerous,cowboysdidnotearnmuchmoney.Theywerepaidbadly.Yetcowboyslikedtheirwayoflife.Theylivedinawildandopencountry.Theylivedalifeofadventureandfreedom.

　　11.Acowboyisasymbolof.

　　A.courageandadventureB.ahardlifeandbigpay

　　C.moviesinthepastD.cowsandothercattle

　　12.Thecowboys’jobwas.

　　A.tobeaheroinreallifeB.tobeaheroofthemovie

　　C.totakecareofcattleD.tobeadangerousrustler

　　13.Duringacattledriver,cowboystookagroupofcowsfromawildandopencountryto.

　　A.theWeststatesandTexasB.thecitiesoftheEastStates

　　C.thepeoplewhoeatbeefincitiesD.therailroadtownshundredmilesaway

　　14.Ontheirwayofcattledrivers,thecowboysprotectedthecattleby.

　　A.burningamarkontheircowsB.keepinganeyeoncattlethieves

　　C.makingthetripmoredangerousD.lookingaftereightcowseachperson

　　15.Cowboysenjoyedthemselvesbecause.

　　A.theylikedtheirwayoflifeB.theymadealotofmoney

　　C.theyhadavarydifficultjobD.theywereheroesinmovies

　　Passage4

　　（非英语类学生必做）

　　Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Successfulinnovationshavedrivenmanyoldertechnologiestoextinctionandhaveresultedinhigherproductivity,greaterconsumptionofenergy,increaseddemandofrawmaterials,acceleratedflowofmaterialsthroughtheeconomyandincreasedquantitiesofmetalsandothersubstancesinuseeachperson.Thehistoryofindustrialdevelopmentaboundswithexamples.

　　In1870,horsesandmulesweretheprimesourceofpoweronU.S.farms.Onehorseormulewasrequiredtosupportfourhumanbeingsaratiothatremainedalmostconstantformanydecades.Atthattime,hadanationalcommissionbeenaskedtoforecastthepopulationfor1970,itsanswerprobablywouldhavedependedonwhetheritsconsultantswereofaneconomicortechnologicalturnofmind.Hadtheybeen“economists”,theywouldprobablyhaveprojectedthe1970horsesormulepopulationtobemorethan50million.Hadtheybeen“technologists”,theywouldhaverecognizedthatthepowerofsteamhadalreadybeenharnessedtoindustryandtolearnandoceantransport.Theywouldhaverecognizedfurtherthatitwouldbetheprimesourceofpoweronthefarm.Itwouldhavebeendifficultforthemtoavoidtheconclusionthatthehorseandmulepopulationwoulddeclinerapidly.

　　16.Accordingtothepassage,whatsuppliedmostofthepoweronU.S.farmsin1870?

　　A.AnimalsB.HumansC.EnginesD.Water

　　17.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthorasaconsequenceofnewtechnologicaldevelopments?

　　A.Oldertechnologiesdieaway.B.ThequalityoflifeisI