MOF SMFNetwork Administration.docx

MOF SMFNetwork Administration.docx

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MOFSMFNetworkAdministration

NetworkAdministration

ServiceManagementFunction

Published:

June2005

Forthelatestinformation,pleasesee

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Contents

ExecutiveSummary1

Introduction3

Audience3

What’sNew4

Feedback4

NetworkAdministrationOverview5

GoalsandObjectives6

Scope6

KeyDefinitions8

ProcessesandActivities9

NetworkComponentsOverview9

HardwareComponents10

SoftwareComponents10

NetworkProcessesOverview10

MaintainingaNetwork11

SupportingaNetwork13

RolesandResponsibilities19

NetworkManager19

NetworkTechnician20

NetworkSupportTechnician21

NetworkSecurityTechnician21

VoiceCommunicationsTechnician22

OutsourcingManager23

SecurityComplianceAuditor23

RelationshiptoOtherSMFs25

ChangingQuadrant25

ChangeManagement25

ConfigurationManagement25

ReleaseManagement25

OperatingQuadrant25

DirectoryServicesAdministration25

JobScheduling26

SecurityAdministration26

ServiceMonitoringandControl26

SystemAdministration26

StorageManagement26

SupportingQuadrant27

IncidentManagement27

ProblemManagement27

OptimizingQuadrant27

AvailabilityManagement27

CapacityManagement27

InfrastructureEngineering27

ITServiceContinuityManagement27

1

ExecutiveSummary

AsITcapabilitieshaveincreasedsteadilyduetoimprovementsintechnologyandpractices,businesseshavegrownincreasinglyreliantontheITinfrastructuretosupportcriticalbusinessprocessesandtocreatenewopportunities.AlthoughthemostnovelandinnovativebusinessuseofITtechnologyoftenoccursattheapplicationlevel,theimportanceofcoreservicesshouldnotbetakenlightly.Allthefunctionalityofareliable,available,andsecureITinfrastructurestartswiththeselectionandpropermaintenanceofthehardwareandbasicservicesthatformthefoundationofthatinfrastructure.

TheNetworkAdministrationservicemanagementfunction（SMF）definesanddeliverstheprocessesandproceduresrequiredtooperatebasicnetworkservices,includingDynamicHostConfigurationProtocol（DHCP）,WindowsInternetNameService（WINS）,andDomainNameSystem（DNS）,onaday-to-daybasis.ThisSMFprovidesfundamentalguidanceforoperatingtheseservicesandmaintainingthehardwarelayeronwhichtheyreside.Italsoprovidesreferencestoappropriateresourcesfortopic-specificoperatingguidanceonhardwareandnetwork-levelsoftware.TheNetworkAdministrationSMFresidesintheOperatingQuadrantofMicrosoft®OperationsFramework（MOF）.

2

Introduction

TheNetworkAdministrationSMFpresentsaunifiedapproachtotheoperationandmaintenanceofnetworkinfrastructures,includingRemoteAccessService（RAS）,localareanetworks（LANs）,andwideareanetworks（WANs）.Thisdocumentdescribesbestpracticesandprocessesthatmaybeappliedgenerallyacrossabroadrangeofnetworkconfigurationsandtopologies.TheNetworkAdministrationSMFreflectsbestpracticesdevelopedthoughoperationoftheextensiveandhighlycomplexMicrosoftinternalnetworks,withinputfrompartnerandcustomerexperienceandguidanceprovidedthroughtheITInfrastructureLibrary（ITIL）,publishedbytheUnitedKingdom’sOfficeofGovernmentCommerce（OGC）.

ThisguideprovidesdetailedinformationabouttheNetworkAdministrationSMFfororganizationsthathavedeployed,orareconsideringdeploying,Microsofttechnologiesinadatacenterorothertypeofenterprisecomputingenvironment.Thisisoneofthemorethan20SMFsdefinedanddescribedinMicrosoftOperationsFramework（MOF）.Theguideassumesthatthereaderisfamiliarwiththeintent,background,andfundamentalconceptsofMOFaswellastheMicrosofttechnologiesdiscussed.

AnoverviewofMOFanditscompanion,MicrosoftSolutionsFramework（MSF）,isavailableintheMOFServiceManagementFunctionOverviewguide.ThisoverviewalsoprovidesabstractsofeachoftheservicemanagementfunctionsdefinedwithinMOF.Detailedinformationabouttheconceptsandprinciplesofeachoftheframeworksisavailableintechnicalpapersat

Audience

ThisdocumentiswrittenprimarilyforITprofessionalsandmanagers,includingnetworkengineers,systemsengineers,architects,andotherswhowishtoimplementstandardizedpracticesandpolicieswithintheirITorganizations.Theguidanceprovidedinthisdocumentisintendedtofacilitatetheoperationandmanagementofnetworksinorganizationsofallsizes,butisaimedprimarilyatlargeorganizationswithcomplexITarchitecturesandmultiplelocations.Theguideassumesaprofessionallevelofcompetenceandknowledgeoffundamentalnetworkprinciples.Forthosewhowishtoreviewnetworknomenclature,architecture,andotherbasics,werecommendtheMicrosoftPress®book,ALSNetworkingEssentialsPlus,ThirdEdition,ISBN0-7356-0912-8.ToreviewMicrosoftguidanceandrecommendationsfornetworkarchitecture,pleaserefertotheMicrosoftWindowsServerSystem™ReferenceArchitecture（WSSRA）.AnoverviewofWSSRAisavailableat

ThecompletesetofWSSRAguidelines,blueprints,anddocumentationisavailableat

What’sNew

ThisversionoftheNetworkAdministrationSMFcontainsupdatedreferencestocurrentlyavailableProductOperatingGuides（POGs）forMicrosofttechnologiesoperatedaspartofanorganization’snetworkinfrastructure.ThesetechnologiesincludeDNS,WINS,andDHCPserversinstalledaspartoftheMicrosoftWindowsServer™2003operatingsystem.TheguidanceinthisSMFreflectsthecurrentbestpracticesusedbytheMicrosoftITorganizationinoperatingandmaintainingtheextensiveinternalMicrosoftnetwork.

Feedback

PleasedirectquestionsandfeedbackaboutthisSMFguidetocisfdbk@.

3

NetworkAdministrationOverview

AsdefinedinMOF,anetworkconsistsoftheinfrastructurecomponentsthroughwhichcomputersystemsandsharedperipheralscommunicatewitheachother.ItisthemostbasiclevelofanITinfrastructure—withoutnetworkfacilities,thereisnoinfrastructure,justacollectionofindividualcomputers.TheNetworkAdministrationSMFisfocusedontheoperationofthisbasicservice.

TheNetworkAdministrationSMFissituatedintheMOFOperatingQuadrant,illustratedbelowinFigure1.ItiscloselyrelatedtotheStorageManagement,DirectoryServicesAdministration,andJobSchedulingSMFssinceitprovidesasimilarfoundationonwhichhigher-orderITlayersarebuilt.

Figure1.TheMOFProcessModel,withSMFs.TheNetworkAdministrationSMFresidesintheOperatingQuadrant.

Figure2illustratestheinternalorganizationoftheOperatingQuadrant.TheSystemAdministration,SecurityAdministration,andServiceMonitoringandControlSMFsallexertsomelevelofcontroloverthemorefundamentalSMFs（bottomrowofthetriangle）inthequadrant.Insomeorganizations,thetriangularhierarchydepictedinFigure2maybecollapsedtoreflectorganizationalstaffinglevelsandassignments,withsomesharingoffunctionsandresponsibilities.

Figure2.OrganizationalhierarchyoftheOperatingQuadrant

GoalsandObjectives

ThegoaloftheNetworkAdministrationSMFistoprovideandreferenceasolidfoundationofprocessesforadministeringanetworkenvironmentonaday-to-daybasis.Thisentailsmanagingandprovidingoperationalsupportforvariouselementswithintheproductionenvironment.TheSMF’sobjectivesincludeprovidingplanninganddeploymentservicestoexpandexistingnetworkfacilities,aswellassupportservicestotroubleshootandrepairfaultsinthenetworkenvironment.ThrougheffectiveimplementationoftheNetworkAdministrationSMF,ITorganization