MOF SMFNetwork Administration.docx
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MOFSMFNetworkAdministration
NetworkAdministration
ServiceManagementFunction
Published:
June2005
Forthelatestinformation,pleasesee
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Contents
ExecutiveSummary1
Introduction3
Audience3
What’sNew4
Feedback4
NetworkAdministrationOverview5
GoalsandObjectives6
Scope6
KeyDefinitions8
ProcessesandActivities9
NetworkComponentsOverview9
HardwareComponents10
SoftwareComponents10
NetworkProcessesOverview10
MaintainingaNetwork11
SupportingaNetwork13
RolesandResponsibilities19
NetworkManager19
NetworkTechnician20
NetworkSupportTechnician21
NetworkSecurityTechnician21
VoiceCommunicationsTechnician22
OutsourcingManager23
SecurityComplianceAuditor23
RelationshiptoOtherSMFs25
ChangingQuadrant25
ChangeManagement25
ConfigurationManagement25
ReleaseManagement25
OperatingQuadrant25
DirectoryServicesAdministration25
JobScheduling26
SecurityAdministration26
ServiceMonitoringandControl26
SystemAdministration26
StorageManagement26
SupportingQuadrant27
IncidentManagement27
ProblemManagement27
OptimizingQuadrant27
AvailabilityManagement27
CapacityManagement27
InfrastructureEngineering27
ITServiceContinuityManagement27
1
ExecutiveSummary
AsITcapabilitieshaveincreasedsteadilyduetoimprovementsintechnologyandpractices,businesseshavegrownincreasinglyreliantontheITinfrastructuretosupportcriticalbusinessprocessesandtocreatenewopportunities.AlthoughthemostnovelandinnovativebusinessuseofITtechnologyoftenoccursattheapplicationlevel,theimportanceofcoreservicesshouldnotbetakenlightly.Allthefunctionalityofareliable,available,andsecureITinfrastructurestartswiththeselectionandpropermaintenanceofthehardwareandbasicservicesthatformthefoundationofthatinfrastructure.
TheNetworkAdministrationservicemanagementfunction(SMF)definesanddeliverstheprocessesandproceduresrequiredtooperatebasicnetworkservices,includingDynamicHostConfigurationProtocol(DHCP),WindowsInternetNameService(WINS),andDomainNameSystem(DNS),onaday-to-daybasis.ThisSMFprovidesfundamentalguidanceforoperatingtheseservicesandmaintainingthehardwarelayeronwhichtheyreside.Italsoprovidesreferencestoappropriateresourcesfortopic-specificoperatingguidanceonhardwareandnetwork-levelsoftware.TheNetworkAdministrationSMFresidesintheOperatingQuadrantofMicrosoft®OperationsFramework(MOF).
2
Introduction
TheNetworkAdministrationSMFpresentsaunifiedapproachtotheoperationandmaintenanceofnetworkinfrastructures,includingRemoteAccessService(RAS),localareanetworks(LANs),andwideareanetworks(WANs).Thisdocumentdescribesbestpracticesandprocessesthatmaybeappliedgenerallyacrossabroadrangeofnetworkconfigurationsandtopologies.TheNetworkAdministrationSMFreflectsbestpracticesdevelopedthoughoperationoftheextensiveandhighlycomplexMicrosoftinternalnetworks,withinputfrompartnerandcustomerexperienceandguidanceprovidedthroughtheITInfrastructureLibrary(ITIL),publishedbytheUnitedKingdom’sOfficeofGovernmentCommerce(OGC).
ThisguideprovidesdetailedinformationabouttheNetworkAdministrationSMFfororganizationsthathavedeployed,orareconsideringdeploying,Microsofttechnologiesinadatacenterorothertypeofenterprisecomputingenvironment.Thisisoneofthemorethan20SMFsdefinedanddescribedinMicrosoftOperationsFramework(MOF).Theguideassumesthatthereaderisfamiliarwiththeintent,background,andfundamentalconceptsofMOFaswellastheMicrosofttechnologiesdiscussed.
AnoverviewofMOFanditscompanion,MicrosoftSolutionsFramework(MSF),isavailableintheMOFServiceManagementFunctionOverviewguide.ThisoverviewalsoprovidesabstractsofeachoftheservicemanagementfunctionsdefinedwithinMOF.Detailedinformationabouttheconceptsandprinciplesofeachoftheframeworksisavailableintechnicalpapersat
Audience
ThisdocumentiswrittenprimarilyforITprofessionalsandmanagers,includingnetworkengineers,systemsengineers,architects,andotherswhowishtoimplementstandardizedpracticesandpolicieswithintheirITorganizations.Theguidanceprovidedinthisdocumentisintendedtofacilitatetheoperationandmanagementofnetworksinorganizationsofallsizes,butisaimedprimarilyatlargeorganizationswithcomplexITarchitecturesandmultiplelocations.Theguideassumesaprofessionallevelofcompetenceandknowledgeoffundamentalnetworkprinciples.Forthosewhowishtoreviewnetworknomenclature,architecture,andotherbasics,werecommendtheMicrosoftPress®book,ALSNetworkingEssentialsPlus,ThirdEdition,ISBN0-7356-0912-8.ToreviewMicrosoftguidanceandrecommendationsfornetworkarchitecture,pleaserefertotheMicrosoftWindowsServerSystem™ReferenceArchitecture(WSSRA).AnoverviewofWSSRAisavailableat
ThecompletesetofWSSRAguidelines,blueprints,anddocumentationisavailableat
What’sNew
ThisversionoftheNetworkAdministrationSMFcontainsupdatedreferencestocurrentlyavailableProductOperatingGuides(POGs)forMicrosofttechnologiesoperatedaspartofanorganization’snetworkinfrastructure.ThesetechnologiesincludeDNS,WINS,andDHCPserversinstalledaspartoftheMicrosoftWindowsServer™2003operatingsystem.TheguidanceinthisSMFreflectsthecurrentbestpracticesusedbytheMicrosoftITorganizationinoperatingandmaintainingtheextensiveinternalMicrosoftnetwork.
Feedback
PleasedirectquestionsandfeedbackaboutthisSMFguidetocisfdbk@.
3
NetworkAdministrationOverview
AsdefinedinMOF,anetworkconsistsoftheinfrastructurecomponentsthroughwhichcomputersystemsandsharedperipheralscommunicatewitheachother.ItisthemostbasiclevelofanITinfrastructure—withoutnetworkfacilities,thereisnoinfrastructure,justacollectionofindividualcomputers.TheNetworkAdministrationSMFisfocusedontheoperationofthisbasicservice.
TheNetworkAdministrationSMFissituatedintheMOFOperatingQuadrant,illustratedbelowinFigure1.ItiscloselyrelatedtotheStorageManagement,DirectoryServicesAdministration,andJobSchedulingSMFssinceitprovidesasimilarfoundationonwhichhigher-orderITlayersarebuilt.
Figure1.TheMOFProcessModel,withSMFs.TheNetworkAdministrationSMFresidesintheOperatingQuadrant.
Figure2illustratestheinternalorganizationoftheOperatingQuadrant.TheSystemAdministration,SecurityAdministration,andServiceMonitoringandControlSMFsallexertsomelevelofcontroloverthemorefundamentalSMFs(bottomrowofthetriangle)inthequadrant.Insomeorganizations,thetriangularhierarchydepictedinFigure2maybecollapsedtoreflectorganizationalstaffinglevelsandassignments,withsomesharingoffunctionsandresponsibilities.
Figure2.OrganizationalhierarchyoftheOperatingQuadrant
GoalsandObjectives
ThegoaloftheNetworkAdministrationSMFistoprovideandreferenceasolidfoundationofprocessesforadministeringanetworkenvironmentonaday-to-daybasis.Thisentailsmanagingandprovidingoperationalsupportforvariouselementswithintheproductionenvironment.TheSMF’sobjectivesincludeprovidingplanninganddeploymentservicestoexpandexistingnetworkfacilities,aswellassupportservicestotroubleshootandrepairfaultsinthenetworkenvironment.ThrougheffectiveimplementationoftheNetworkAdministrationSMF,ITorganization