Lesson 1 AnotherSchoolYearWhatFor.docx

Lesson 1 AnotherSchoolYearWhatFor.docx

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Lesson1AnotherSchoolYearWhatFor

Lesson1AnotherSchoolYear---WhatFor？

I.WordStudy

1.accomplishment

n.sth.completedsuccessfully;anachievement

Examples:

agirlofmanyaccomplishments多才多艺的姑娘

Amongheraccomplishmentswere

sewing,cooking,playingthepianoanddancing.

accomplish

v.tosucceedindoing;toreachtheendof

Examples:

accomplishone’sobject达到目的

accomplishone’smission完成使命

Hecanaccomplishmoreinadaythananyotherboyinhisclass.

2.assume

v.a.totakeforgranted;tosuppose

b.totakeupononeself

Examples:

Theyhadassumedthatpriceswouldrisethesedays,butinfacttheywerewrong.

assumeresponsibilities

assumeanother’sdebts

3.certify

v.toconfirmformallyastrue,accurate,or

genuine

Examples:

Theaccountswerecertified（as）correct.

Hewascertified（as）insane.

certifiedaccountant注册会计师

4.expose

v.a.tosubjectorallowtobesubjectedtoan

actionoraninfluence使受影响

b.tosubject（aphotographicfilm,for

example）totheactionoflight使曝光

c.tomakeknown（sth.discreditable）;

toreveal（theguiltorwrongdoingof）

揭发（有损信誉的事）；揭露（罪恶或错误的行为）

Examples:

Theparentsexposedtheirchildrentoclassical

musicathome.

Thisfilmhasbeenexposed.

Thecrimeofthecorruptofficialsmustbe

exposedwithoutanyreserve.

5.faculty

n.a.anyofthepowersofthebodyormind

b.departmentorgroupofrelateddepartments

inauniversity

c.thewholeteachingstaffinoneofthe

departmentsorinthewholeuniversity

Examples:

thefacultyofthesight;mentalfaculties

theFacultyofLaw

Theentirefacultyoftheuniversitywillattend

themeeting.

cf.

staffn.

a.groupofassistantsworkingtogetherina

business,etc.responsibletoamanagerora

personinauthority

b.thosepeopledoingadministrativework

Examples:

thehotelstaff,theshopstaff

Weneedmorestaffintheoffice.

Ihaveastaffoften.

aheadteacherandherstaff校长及全体教工

Theschoolstaffareexpectedtosuperviseschoolmeals.

6.generate

v.toproduceasaresultofachemicalor

physicalprocess

Examples:

ageneratingstation发电厂，发电站

Whencoalburns,itgeneratesheat.

generativereproduction有性繁殖

7.nevertheless

adv.inspiteofthat,however

Examples:

Shewasverytired,neverthelessshekept

onworking.

Wearegoingneverthelessweshallreturn.

8.rear

v.a.tocarefor（childrenorachild）duringthe

earlystagesoflife;tobringup

b.totend（growingplantsoranimals）

c.torisehighintheair;totower

n.ahindpart后面，后边；后边的部分

Examples:

torearachild

torearpoultry

torearamonumenttoaperson’smemory为纪念

某人而建立纪念碑

therearofthehall

9.species

n.afundamentalcategoryoftaxonomic

classification,rankingbelowagenusor

subgenusandconsistingofrelatedorganisms

capableofinterbreeding

Examples:

Somespeciesofanimalshavebecomeextinctbecausetheycouldnotadapttoachangingenvironment.

TheOriginofSpecies《物种起源》

10.suffice

v.tomeetpresentneedsorrequirements

Examples:

Theserationswillsufficeuntilnextweek.

Fiftydollarswillsufficeme.

Fiftydollarswillsufficeformyneeds.

II.PhrasesandExpressions

1.enrollin

toplaceone’snameonarollorregister;tosignup注册登记，注册、记录某人名字在花名册上；登记

Example:

Weenrolledinthearmy.

2.specializein

toconcentrateonaparticularactivityor

product从事专门活动或销售专业产品

Example:

Theshopspecializesinmountain-climbing

gear.

3.putit…

toexpress;tostate表达；陈述

Examples:

toputitanotherway换句话说

toputitmildly说得婉转些

toputitstrong说得刻薄

4.gothrough

a.toexaminecarefully仔细检查

b.toexperience

Examples:

Johnwentthroughthestudents’papers.

Wewentthroughhellwhileworkingon

thisproject.

5.seetoitthat

totrytomakesurethat

Example:

Theparentsaskedthegirltoseetoitthather

youngerbrothersbehavewellatthetable.

6.presideover

tobeinchargeof

Examples:

presideoverameeting主持会议

presideattea招待客人吃茶点

Themanagerpresidesoverthebusinessof

thisstore.主持管理业务

7.beouttodosth.

totrytodosth.

Example:

Youprofessorraiseyourkidsyourway;I’lltake

careofmyown.Me,I’mouttomakemoney.

8.beonone’s/thewayto

tobeintheprocessofcoming,going,ortraveling

Examples:

Sheisonherwayoutthedoor.

Winterisontheway.

Youareonyourwaytobeingthatnewspecies

ofmechanizedsavage,thepush-button

Neanderthal.

9.Thechancesarethat…

Itispossiblethat…

Examples:

Thechancesaretentoonethattheguestteam

willwin.

Ifyouhavesomeoneonyourmind,letherknow.

Chancesareyouareonhersaswell.

cf.

ThereisachancethatIwillseehimthesedays.

Isthereanychanceofrain?

chance

vi.tocomeaboutbychance;occur偶然发生，出现

vt.totaketheriskorhazardof冒······的危险

Examples:

Itchancedthatthetrainwaslatethatday.

Althoughthereisstillhope,heisnotnot

willingtochanceit.

10.inessence

bynature;essentially本质上；实质的

Example:

Inessence,leadershipinvolvesaccomplishing

goalswithandthroughpeople.

11.make…available

todosth.sothatonethingcanbeusedorcan

easilybeboughtorfound

Examples:

Dentalclinicsshallbemadeavailablewithinten

milesofeachcommunity.

Parkingfacilitiesweremadeavailableforthe

disabled.

III.WordBuilding

capitalize

a.tocausetobeorto

become使成为

b.tocausetoconformto

orresemble使······一致，

使······相像

c.totreatas当作······对待

d.totreatoraffectwith

e.tosubjectto使服从

f.totreataccordingtoor

practicethemethodof

根据······对待或实施办法

g.tobecome;becomelike

成为；变得像

h.toperform,engagein,

orproduce完成，从事于，

生产

对待或影响

dramatize戏剧化

Hellenize使希腊化

idolize偶像崇拜

anesthetize施以麻醉

tyrannize压制

pasteurize施行巴氏消毒

materialize具体化

botanize采集植物

suffix—-ize

capital（a.）

central（a.）

final（a.）

hospital（n.）

ideal（a.）

natural（a.）

social（a.）

capitalize

centralize

finalize

hospitalize

idealize

naturalize

socialize

apologetic（a.）

civil（a.）

fertile（a.）

industrial（a.）

real（a.）

special（a.）

western（a.）

apologize

civilize

fertilize

industrialize

realize

specialize

westernize

-fy—tocausetobecome;tomake

base（n.）

clear（a.）

class（n.）

intense（a.）

just（a.）

note（n.）

basify碱化

clarify澄清

classify分类

intensify加强

justify使正当

notify通知

pure（a.）

quality（n.）

simple（a.）

unity（n.）

terror（n.）

purify净化

qualify使具有资格

simplify简化

unify统一

terrify使恐惧

IV.Grammar

I.Observethefollowingsentencesandstudytherelatedgrammar.

NewasIwastothefaculty,Icouldhavetoldthisspecimenanumberofthings.

Thereisnottimeenoughinasinglelifetimetoinventforoneselfeverythingoneneedstoknowinordertobeacivilizedman.

Asthisistrueofthetechniquesofmankind,soitistrueofmankind’sspiritualresources.

II.Grammar1:

concessiveclause

NewasIwastothefaculty,Icouldhavetoldthis

specimenanumberofthings.

Moreexamples:

Greatastheauthorwas,heprovedabadmodel.Ridiculousasitseems,thetaleistrue.

II.Grammar2:

infinitive

Thereisnottimeenoughinasinglelifetimetoinventfor

oneselfeverythingoneneedstoknowinordertobea

civilizedman.

Moreexamples:

alotofthingstodo

lastonetoleave

amantorelyon

II.Grammar3:

as…sostructure

Asthisistrueofthetechniquesofmankind,soitistrue

ofmankind’sspiritualresources.

as…so结构，so作为关联副词（conjunctiveadverbs）

Moreexample:

JustastheFrenchlovetheirwine,sotheEnglishlovetheirbeer.

Lesson2MaheegunMyBrother

I.WordStudy

1.alert

v.tonotifyofapproachingdangeroraction;

towarn

a.vigilantlyattentive;watchful

n.asignalthatwarnsofattackordanger

Examples:

Thedoctoralertedmetothedangersofsmoking.

Theradioalertedthecitizenstoprepareforthehurricane.

analertbankguard

Oneshouldnotrunaboutaimlesslyduringanalert.

2.chase

v.a.toputtoflight;todriveaway

b.tofollowrapidlyinordertocatchor

overtake;topursue

c.toseekthefavororcompanyof

persistently

Examples:

tochasethedogsaway

tochasethethief

tochasegirls

3.crouch

v.tostoop,especiallywiththekneesbent

Examples:

Theycrouchedoverthegratewitha

flashlight,searchingforthelostgem.

Shecrouchedbythefiretogetwarm.

4.detain

v.a.tokeepfromproceeding;todelayor

retard

b.tokeepincustodyortemporary

confinement

Examples:

Iwasdetainedbyanunexpectedcallerthatmorning.

Thedisruptivestudentsweredetainedafterschooluntiltheirparentshadbeennotified.

5.pace

n.a.astepmadeinwalking;astride

b.therateofspeedatwhichaperson,an

animal,oragroupwalksorruns

V.a.towalkorstridebackandforthacross

b.tomeasurebycountingthenumberof

stepsneededtocoveradistance

Examples:

Thefenceisonlytenpacesfromthehouse.

Theworkprogressedataslowpace.

Hepacedtheroom.

topaceoutadistanceof100yards

6.poke

v.topush;tothrust

Example:

Asealpokeditsheadoutofthewater.

7.smother

v.a.tosuffocate（another）

b.toconceal,suppress,orhide

c.tolavishasurfeitofagivenemotionon

（someone）

Examples:

Thekillersmotheredthevictimwithapillow.

Wetriedtosmotherourlaughter.

Grandparentstendtosmothergrand-childrenwithaffection.

8.thrill

v.tocauset