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课时提升作业三十九
选修8 Unit4 Pygmalion
(建议用时35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
PygmalionisadramainwhichShawhasmadesentimentsoneoftheprinciplethemesofdiscussion.TheGreeksculptorPygmalioncarvedastatueandfellinlovewithit.Aphrodite(thegoddessoflove)turnedthestatueintoalivingwomannamedGalatea,whothenbecamePygmalion’swife.
TheShavianPygmalionisHenryHiggins,aprofessorofphonetics,whopicksupaflowergirl,ElizaDoolittle,teacheshertospeakaseducatedpeopledo,andthensuccessfullypassesheroffasaduchess.Butsheisahumanbeingandcannotbetreatedasamachine.Inthecourseofallhisexperimentsandexhibitions,theprofessoronlythinksofhisownskillsuccessandfailure,butneverstopstoconsiderhowthegirlfeels.Whentheexperimentisover,hehasaprofoundsenseofreliefthathehasachievedtriumphandhaswonhisbet.Evennow,thesentimentofthegirlisofnoaccount.Thegirlnaturallyprotestsagainstthisdehumanizedrelationshipbetweenherandherteacher.Shehurls(投掷)theprofessor’sslippersathimwhenhewantsthemandthenleaveshisplace.Butevidently,shehasbeguntofeelfortheprofessorandwantsalsotobefeltfor.
NowthequestioniswhatisthenatureofEliza’sfeelingsfortheprofessorwithwhomshehaslivedincloseassociationforsolong?
Inthelastact,thegirlsaysshewouldnotmarryhimevenifhehadproposed(求婚)toher.Theprofessor,curiouslyineffectual(无效的)tosexualemotions,doesnotloveanygirlbecausehefindsthemtoberivals(对手)tohisownmother.Hewonders,ifElizadoesnotwanttomarryhim,thenwhatdoesshewantfromhim?
OldMrsHiggins,whoknowsmuchaboutawomansaysthatitwouldhavebeenbetterifhehadthankedherandpettedherandtoldherhowwonderfulshehadbeen.Thenperhapsshewouldnothavefoughtwithhim.Everygirllovestobeloved.ElizaherselfsaysthatshelovesFreddyandhealsolovesher.ProfessorHiggins,however,remainsasever,anoldbachelor.
【文章大意】萧伯纳的著名戏剧《卖花女》具有经久不衰的艺术魅力,描述的是语言学教授希金斯如何把一名卖花姑娘训练成英语发音被上流社会接受并认可的故事,从而抨击了当时英国腐朽保守的等级意识。
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“passesheroffas”inParagraph2mean?
A.Letsherpretendtobe.B.Dressesherupas.
C.Makesherbecome.D.Turnsinto.
【解析】选A。
词义猜测题。
根据前文的“teacheshertospeakaseducatedpeopledo”以及下文的“Inthecourseofallhisexperimentsandexhibitions”可知该短语的意思是“把某人冒充或假装为”。
2.WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkHigginsisaccordingtothesecondparagraph?
A.Heisakindman.
B.Heisaconsiderateman.
C.Heisaselfishman.
D.Heisarudeman.
【解析】选C。
推理判断题。
根据第二段第三句可知Higgins只考虑自己的成败得失,从不考虑Eliza的感受,显然他是一个自私的人。
3.WhydoesnotElizamarryHiggins?
Because________.
A.shedoesnotlovehim
B.hismotherdoesnotlikeanygirltobeherrival
C.helikestobeabachelor
D.hedoesn’tloveanygirlforfearofthembeinghismother’srivals
【解析】选D。
细节理解题。
根据最后一段第三句可知Eliza不会嫁给Higgins,因为Higgins担心未来的妻子会成为他母亲的对手,所以他不敢爱上任何一个女孩。
4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.ShawwasinfactaGreeksculptor.
B.HigginswasexperimentingwithEliza.
C.Elizawantedtobecomeaneducatedladyverymuch.
D.HigginsfellinlovewithElizaatfirstsight.
【解析】选B。
细节理解题。
根据第二段可知Higgins只是把Eliza当成一个试验品。
故B正确。
【知识拓展】难句解读
Whentheexperimentisover,hehasaprofoundsenseofreliefthathehasachievedtriumphandhaswonhisbet.
结构:
时间状语从句,主语+谓语+宾语+同位语从句
翻译:
当实验结束后,他感到深深的欣慰,他已经取得了胜利,并赢得了他的赌注。
B
Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner.Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:
WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?
Bothsideswantpeace,butneitherfeelsithasanypowertostoptheconflict.Inpart,thisisbecauseneitheriswillingtoadmitanyresponsibilityforstartingit.Fromtheparents’pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents’completeunreasonableness.Andofcourse,theteensseeitinexactlythesameway,exceptoppositely.Bothfeeltrapped.
Inthisarticle,I’lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap.Thefirstno-winsituationisquarrelsoverunimportantthings.Examplesincludethecoloroftheteen’shair,thecleanlinessofthebedroom,thepreferredstyleofclothing,thechild’sfailuretoeatagoodbreakfastbeforeschool,orhistendencytosleepuntilnoonontheweekends.Second,blaming.Thegoalofablamingbattleistomaketheotheradmitthathisbadattitudeisthereasonwhyeverythinggoeswrong.Third,needingtoberight.Itdoesn’tmatterwhatthetopicis-politics,thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg-thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority-someonewhoactuallyknowssomething-andthereforetocommandrespect.Unfortunately,aslongasparentsandteenscontinuetoassumethattheyknowmorethantheother,they’llcontinuetofightthesebattlesforeverandnevermakeanyrealprogress.
【文章大意】本文对于父母和孩子之间的战争从三个方面进行了分析。
5.Whydoestheauthorcomparetheparent-teenwartoaborderconflict?
A.Bothcancontinueforgenerations.
B.Bothareaboutwheretodrawtheline.
C.Neitherhasanyclearwinner.
D.Neithercanbeputtoanend.
【解析】选B。
推理判断题。
根据第一段最后可知这两者的相似之处在于界线的问题,故选B。
6.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?
A.Theteensblametheirparentsforstartingtheconflict.
B.Theteensagreewiththeirparentsonthecauseoftheconflict.
C.Theteenscausetheirparentsofmisleadingthem.
D.Theteenstendtohaveafullunderstandingoftheirparents.
【解析】选A。
根据上一句Fromtheparents’pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents’completeunreasonableness.父母认为他们打仗的唯一原因是他们孩子的完全不讲理,而孩子认为则相反。
7.Parentsandteenswanttoberightbecausetheywantto________.
A.giveorderstotheother
B.knowmorethantheother
C.gainrespectfromtheother
D.gettheothertobehaveproperly
【解析】选C。
细节理解题。
根据最后一段someonewhoactuallyknowssomethingandthereforetocommandrespect.都认为自己是一个了解一切和要求得到尊重的人。
Ⅱ.完形填空
ItwasJune5,1997,andtwo-year-oldHarleywasasleepwithheryoungersisterintheirhomeinEden,NorthCarolina.Whiletheirparentswereoutside
1 theiroldersisterhomefromschool,thewiresinthefamily’slaundryroom 2 fireandbeforeanyoneknewwhatwashappening,thebedroomnextdoorwasswallowedin 3 .
Harley’sfatherwasableto 4 histwoyoungestdaughtersandsavetheirlives,butHarleywas 5 burnedon80percentofherbodyandwastoldshehadlessthana2percent 6 ofsurvival.
Overthenextseveralmonths,HarleyDabbswouldundergosurgeryaftersurgeryat 7 .Whenshewasfinallyreleasedto 8 home,Harleyhadnoideathe 9 battlehadnotevenbegunyet.
WhenHarleystartedschooljustafewyears 10 ,sherealizedforthefirsttimehowcruelher 11 couldbe.Bulliedforher 12 andcalledhatefulnamesallwhilebeinghidden,shebeganto 13 suicidewhileonlyineighthgrade.Whenherfriendsweregettingtheir 14 boyfriendsandgoingontheirfirstdates,shewassittingathomewonderingifsheshouldendher 15 .
Butin2013,something 16 .Itwasnotsomethingontheoutside,ratheritwassomething 17 ofHarley.Shemadetheconscious 18 tobecomemorelikethecarefree,laughing, 19 littlegirlthatshehadnotseensincethatnightin1997.Soforthefirsttimeinherlife,she 20 abluedressandwalkedoutsideintothelightofdaythrowingcautiontothewindanddaringanyonetotrytorainonherparade.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。
讲述了哈里小时候在大火中烧毁了面容,被人嘲笑、欺负,曾经想要自杀,但是后来她决定接受现实,从心里改变自己,开始快乐地生活。
1.A.bringingup B.caringfor
C.callingonD.pickingup
【解析】选D。
“Whiletheirparentswereoutside________theiroldersisterhomefromschool她们的父母正在外面从学校________她们的大姐回家”,bringup抚养;carefor照顾,喜欢;callon拜访;pickup接人。
2.A.caughtB.got
C.receivedD.made
【解析】选A。
从下文可知,家里洗衣房的电线着(caught)火了。
3.A.ashes B.flames C.storm D.light
【解析】选B。
根据上文fire可判断隔壁的卧室被火焰(flames)吞没了。
4.A.supportB.prevent
C.rescueD.manage
【解析】选C。
根据本句中的“savetheirlives”,可以推断出,哈里的父亲成功地救出(rescue)了他的两个女儿。
故选C。
5.A.severely B.slightly
C.merely D.urgently
【解析】选A。
由空格后哈里身体的80%被烧伤,可知她被伤得很严重。
6.A.signal B.right C.rate D.chance
【解析】选D。
由上文哈里身体的80%被烧伤,可判断此处是指“生存概率”,故选D。
7.A.hospital B.schoolC.home D.church
【解析】选A。
由常识可知,对哈里进行的手术肯定在医院(hospital)里做的。
8.A.go B.leave C.lose D.find
【解析】选A。
根据released“释放,解脱”,可知她终于被准许出院回(go)家了。
故选A。
9.A.fiercest B.strongest C.toughest D.easiest
【解析】选C。
空格后的yet暗示了情况不容乐观。
fiercest最激烈的;strongest最强的;toughest最艰难的,最凶恶的;easiest最容易的。
10.A.ago B.before C.afterwards D.later
【解析】选D。
在经历重大不幸之后,肯定需要几年才能调整好身体和心理。
ago在……之前,与一般过去时连用;before以前,与完成时连用;afterwards后来;later之后,放在时间词后面。
故选D。
11.A.peers B.parents C.teachers D.sisters
【解析】选A。
下文“...calledhatefulnames给她起绰号”可知,她被同学嘲笑欺负。
12.A.grades B.appearance C.character D.age
【解析】选B。
根据上文,她80%被烧伤,所以同学们肯定会嘲笑她的外表(appearance)。
13.A.declare B.attempt
C.struggle D.calculate
【解析】选B。
根据上文,她上学后,因为自己被烧毁的外貌,她受到同学们的欺负,背地里被人用恶毒的话叫着,所以会尝试(attempt)自杀。
故选B。
14.A.new B.old C.first D.last
【解析】选C。
根据“Whenherfriendsweregettingtheir________boyfriendsandgoingontheirfirstdates当她的朋友们开始________交男朋友和第一次约会”,可以推断出是当她的朋友们开始第一次交男朋友……。
15.A.pain B.study C.life D.love
【解析】选C。
由上文suicide(自杀)的倾向,可以推断出,她准备结束自己的生命(life)。
故选C。
16.A.disappeared B.happened
C.passedD.changed
【解析】选D。
but是转折词,表