上海各区高三英语二模Summary.docx

上海各区高三英语二模Summary.docx

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上海各区高三英语二模Summary

【2018-宝山区-二模】

IV.SummaryWriting

71.Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Screen-addictedteensareunhappy

Anewstudyexploredthelinkbetweenadolescentlifesatisfactionandscreentime.Researchersfoundthatteenswhospentmoretimeinfrontofscreendevices--playingcomputergames,usingsocialmedia,textingandvideochatting--werelesshappythanthosewhoinvestedmoretimeinnon-screenactivitieslikesports,readingnewspapersandmagazines,andface-to-facesocialinteraction.

Totalscreenavoidancedoesn'tleadtohappinesseither.Thegreaterunhappinessamongthosewithnoscreenexposurecouldbeduetoseveralfactors,Twenge,theleadingresearchersaid.“Itcouldbethattheyareleftoutofthesocialsceneofhighschool,thatit’sverydifficulttocarryonfriendshipsinhighschoolthesedayswithouttextingatallorbeingonsocialmedia.”Itisalsopossiblethatthosekidsareoutliers,Twengesaid—teenswithspecialneedsorinspecialeducation,orthosewhosescreenshavebeentakenawayfromthembyparents.

Thekeytodigitalmediauseandhappinessislimiteduse.Thehappiestteensuseddigitalmediaalittlelessthananhourperday.Butafteradailyhourofscreentime,unhappinessrisessteadilyalongwithincreasingscreentime,theresearchersreportinthejournalEmotion.

"Makeefforttospendnomorethantwohoursadayondigitalmedia,andtrytoincreasetheamountoftimeyouspendseeingfriendsface-to-faceandexercising--twoactivitiesreliablylinkedtogreaterhappiness."Twengesaid.

"Byfarthelargestchangeinteens'livesbetween2012and2016wastheincreaseintheamountoftimetheyspentondigitalmedia,andthefollowingdeclineinin-personsocialactivitiesandsleep,"theleadingresearchersaid."Thearrivalofthesmartphoneisthemostreasonableexplanationforthesuddendecreaseinteens'psychologicalwell-being."

ResearchersfoundTeenswhospentlesstimeinfrontofscreensandmoretimeinnon-screenactivitieswerehappier.Buttotallyavoiding/breakingawayfromscreenscanbeunpleasant.Limiteduseofdigitalmediaalongwithnon-screenactivitiesworksbetter.Thearrivalofsmartphonesbringsaboutteens’negativepsychologicaleffects.

【2018-崇明区-二模】

IV.SummaryWriting

Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

DoSmartphonesMakeUsSmarter?

Shouldteachersallowcellphonesinaclassroom?

Arecentstudyonthewaysmartphonesdisturblearningmighthelpexplaintheissue.Researcherspublishedfindingsshowinghowstudentswereaffectedbytheirphonesintheclassroom.Theyexploredthedifferencesinstudentperformanceinfoursituations:

openphoneuseallowed,phonesallowedintheclassroombutcouldnotbeused,nophonesintheclassroomandano-instructioncontrolgroup.Afterwatchinga20-minutevideo,studentstookashortquiz.Theresultwasthatthestudentsinaroomwithoutanycellphonesperformedsignificantlybetteronthetest.Scientistsbelievethewayweattachourselvestoourphonescouldbetheproblem.

Smartphoneshavebecomesostronglyestablishedinsocietythatmanypeoplearelostwithoutthem.Wearenowinanagewhenmanypeoplecan’timaginelifewithoutaphone.Thereisevenanamefortheanxietycausedbynothavingone—nomophobia,whichisthepowerfulfeelingpeoplegetwhentheydon’thavesignal,theirbatteryisabouttodie,ortheyareseparatedfromtheirphones.Theirfearofmissingoutonimportantinformationorconnectionscanhaveacontrollingeffectontheirlivesandcandividetheirattentionfromotherimportantthingslikelearning.

Sodoesinformationtechnologyhelporblockthewaywethink?

Inthepast,peoplereliedheavilyonspecificknowledgeandknewwhointheircircleoffriendswouldbemostlikelytoknowthingsindifferentsubjects.Now,ourfriendwithalltheinformationistheInternet.Indicationsarethatpeopledon’trememberinformationaswelliftheyknowtheycanuseacomputerorphonetorecallitquickly.SoitmaybemoredifficulttomoveinformationfromtheInternetintoourlong-termmemory.

Buttheimpactofbeingexposedtosomuchinformationisn’tallbad.ReportsshowthatfrequentInternetusecanstrengthenfast-pacedproblemsolvingandcanspeeduptheabilitytospotpatternsinalotofdata.

Researchersrecentlyfoundsmartphonesinfluencedlearning.Foronething,smartphoneshavebecomeanessentialpartoflife,withoutwhichpeoplefeelataloss,thusdistractingtheirattentionfromlearning.Foranother,peoplerelysoheavilyonsmartphonesthattheirlong-termmemorycanbeaffected.However,havingaccesstoalargeamountofinformationalsobenefitspeopleinsomeaspects.（60words）

【2018-奉贤区-二模】

IV.SummaryWriting

Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Thesharingeconomyhasgrowninrecentyearstoincludeeverythingfromapartmentsharingtocarsharingtocommunitytoolsharing.

Since2009,anewformofthesharingeconomyhasbeenemerginginneighbourhoodsthroughouttheUSandaroundtheworld–LittleFreeLibraries.Thelibrariesareboxesputinneighbourhoodsfromwhichlocalpeoplecantakeoutandputinbooks.LittleFreeLibrariescomeinallshapesandsizes.Somelibrariesalsohavethemes,focusingonbooksforchildren,adultsortourguides.

In2009,TodBolbuiltthefirstLittleFreeLibraryintheMississippiRivertownofHudson,Wisconsin,tohonourhismother,wholovedreading.Whenhesawthepeopleofhiscommunitygatheringaroundit,exchangingconversationaswellasbooks,heknewhewantedtotakehissimpleideafurther.

Sincethen,hisideahasbecomeamovement,spreadingfromstatetostateandcountrytocountry.AccordingtoLittleFreeLibrary.org,therearenow18,000ofthelittleboxesaroundtheworld,foundineachofthe50USstatesand70countriesinEurope,AfricaandAsia.

TheInternethashelpedtospreadLittleFreeLibraries.ButanAtlanticarticlesaidthattheyaresomethingdifferentinaworldofe-readerdownloads.Thelittlewoodenboxesarerefreshinglyphysicalandhuman.Whenyouopenthedoorofthebox,chanceandyourneighbours’tastesdeterminewhatyou’llfind.Youmightfindagraphicnovel,acookbookoratourguidebook.

Formanypeople,thissenseofdiscoveryisLittleFreeLibraries’mainappeal.“Agirlwalkinghomefromschoolmightpickupagraphicnovelthatgetsherexcitedaboutreading;amanonhiswaytothebusstopmightfindabookofpoetrythatchangeshisviewonlife,”said

TheAtlanticarticle.“Everybookisapotentialsourceofinspiration.”

71.LittleFreeLibraries,composedofallsizesofboxeswithvariousthemes,havesprungupinneighborhoodsacrosstheworld.TodBolestablishedthefirstonetohonorhismotherfondofreading.Afterthat,theideaspreadinternationallyonline.Differentfrome-readerdownloads,booksinsidethewoodenboxescanmakereadersexcitedorchangetheirviewsetc.byinspiringthem.

【虹口区-高三英语-二模】

IV.SummaryWriting

Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

71.Clearlyifwearetoparticipateinthesocietyinwhichwelive,wemustcommunicatewithotherpeople.Agreatdealofcommunicatingisperformedonaperson-to-personbasisbythesimplemeansofspeech.Ifwetravelinbuses,buythingsinshops,oreatinrestaurants,wearelikelytohaveconversationswherewegiveinformationoropinions,receivenewsorcommentandverylikelyhaveourviewschallengedbyothermembersofsociety.

Face-tofacecontactisbynomeanstheonlyformofcommunicationandduringthelasttwohundredyearstheartofmasscommunicationhasbecomeoneofthedominatingfactorsofcurrentsociety.Twothings,aboveothers,havecausedtheenormousgrowthofthecommunicationindustry.Firstly,inventivenesshasledtoadvancesinprinting,telecommunications,photography,radioandtelevision.Secondly,speedhasrevolutionizedthetransmissionandreceptionofcommunicationssothatlocalnewsoftentakesabackseattonationalnews,whichitselfisoftenalmosteclipsed（失去优势）byinternationalnews.

Nolongeristhepossessionofinformationrestrictedtoawealthyminority.Inthelastcenturythewealthymanwithhisownlibrarywasindeedfortunate,buttodaytherearepubliclibraries.Fortyyearsago,peopleusedtogotothecinema,butnowfarmorepeoplesitathomeandturnontheTVtowatchaprogramthatisbeingchanneledintomillionsofhomes.

Communicationisnolongermerelyconcernedwiththetransmissionofinformation.Themoderncommunicationinfluencesthewaypeopleliveinsocietyandbroadenstheirhorizonsbyallowingaccesstoinformation,educationandentertainment.Theprinting,broadcastingandadvertisingindustriesareallinvolvedwithinforming,educatingandentertaining.

Thepassagetalksaboutsomechangesofcommunication.First,theartofmasscommunicationpromotedbyinventivenessandspeedisoneofthedeterminingfactorsintheformofcommunication.Second,thepossessionofinformationbelongstothemasses,notwealthyminorityonly.Third,moderncommunicationiscrucialtopeople’slifestyleandbroadenspeople’shorizons.（59ws）

【2018-黄浦区-高三二模】

IV．SummaryWriting

Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）