专插本英语98年14年历年真题.docx

专插本英语98年14年历年真题.docx

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专插本英语98年14年历年真题

1998年广东省普通高等学校本科插班生考试

英语试题

PartIReadingComprehension〔40%〕

PassageI

Thecomputerisawonderfulisthemostimportantinventionsincethetypeofengineusedinithasthegreatesteffectonscience,industry,andbusiness,butitisbeingusedmoreineducationandtheendofthiscenturyitwilltouchthelivesofeveryone,evenpeopleindistantisarevolutionaryinvention.

TheoldestkindofcomputeristheabacususedinChinasincethesixththeseventeenthcenturyanaddingmachinewasinvented,butthefurstlarge,moderncomputerwasbuiltinfewyearslateracomputercoulddo5000additionsperthecomputationsaresofast

thattheyaremeasuredinnanoseconds〔毫微秒〕.

Todaymostcomputershaveaaregettingsmallerandsmaller,andcomputingfasterandinalargecomputer,thepartthatdoestheactualcomputingisaboutthesizeoftheendofafinger.

Computerscandoallkindsofsomeonebuyssomethinginadepartmentstore,informationaboutthesalegoesintoacomputer,Ascientistcantalktothecomputerabouttherocks,andthecomputeranswersthedoctorcantalktothecomputerandexplainwhatis

wrongwithathedoctoraskswhy,thecomputergoesthroughitsstoredinformationandexplainsexactlywhy.

Whenearlyhumansbeganfarming,itwasarevolutionarychangeinhumanwashundredsofthousandsofyearslaterthatpeopledevelopedawritingsystem〔方法〕.Inlessthan

fiftyyearspeoplehavedevelopedcomputersthatcandomostofthethingshumanscando.Thiscouldbeafrighteningdevelopment.

computerisconsideredawonderfulmachinebecause

issmallinsizeanswersallkindsofquestions

computationsofthecomputerareusuallymeasuredin.

computerwillsoonaffect.

inlargecitiesindevelopedcountries

allovertheworldintheWesternworld

Passage2

Inthetraditionalmarriage,themanworkedatajobtoearnmoneyforthemenworkedinanoffice,afactory,orsomeotherplaceawayfromthethemanearnedthemoney,he

paidthemoneywasusedforfood,clothes,ahouse,andotherfamilymanmademostofthewastheboss.

Inthetraditionalmarriage,thewomanseldomworkedawayfromthestayedathometocareforthechildrenandhercookedthemeals,cleanedhouse,washedtheclothes,anddidotherhouseholdjobathomewaseveryimportant.

Inrecentyears,manycouplescontinuetohaveatraditionalrelationshipofthisman

hasajobandearnsthemoneyforthewomanstaysathomeandcaresforthechildrenandtheAmericansarehappywiththiskindofsomeotherAmericanshaveadifferentimpressionofmarriageandfamilyresponsibilities.

Therearetwoimportantdifferencesinmaleandfemalerolesisthatbothmenand

womenhavemanymoremaychoosetomarryortostaymaychoosetoworkorstayatmenandwomenmaychooserolesthatarecomfortableforthem.

Aseconddifferenceinmaleandfemalerolesisthatwithinmarriagemanydecisionsandresponsibilitiesarehusbandandwifemaychoosetohavechildren,ortheymaytheyhavechildren,themanmaytakecareofthemsomeofthetime,allofthetime,ornotatwomanmaywanttostayathomeandtakecareoftheshemaywanttogotoandWomen

nowdecidethesethingstogetherinamarriedpeoplenowsharethesedecisionsandtheresponsibilitiesoftheirfamilies.

ofthefollowingisNOTtrueinthetraditionalmarriage

workedatajobtoearnmoneyforfamily.

womanmademostofdecisions.

womanstayedathometocareforthechildren.

manpaidthebills.

recentyears.

couplesrejectthetraditionalrelationship

womanhasajobandearnsthemoneyforthefamily

womandoesn'tstayathomeandcareforthechildrenandthehouse

roleofmenandwomenhasbeguntochange

andwomenmaynowchooseallthefollowingEXCEPTto.

ortostaysingle

ortostayathome

therolesthatarecomfortableforthemtheirjobsjustbecausetheyhavechildrenfollowingareallnowtrueEXCEPT.

maychoosetohavechildrenornot

manmaytakecareofthechildrensomeofthetimewomanmaywanttogotowork

womanisthemostimportantpersoninthehouse

ofthefollowingisNOTtrue

manwasthebossinthetraditionalmarriage.

woman'sjobathomewasveryimportantinthepast.

Americansstillhaveatraditionalmarriage.

triestogetmarried.

Passage3

Didyouknowthattheemptyplasticsoftdrinkbottlesyouthrowawayeverydaycanbeturnedintocarpetorautomobilesparts

ThatusedglassbottlesandaluminumcanscanbeturnedintonewonesAndthatyesterday'snewspapercanbeturnedintotomorrow's

Itallhappensbecauseofrecycling〔再禾U用〕.Thesimplewastewethrowawayisa“naturalresource〞that,withrecycling,canbeusedtoproduceavarietyofnewproducts.

Unfortunately,Americarecyclesonly10%ofitsrubbish,burns10%anddeposits80%inwastedesposalgrounds,Asaresult,itishavingtocopewithaserioussolidwasteproblem.

Everyyear,Americansthrowawayabout160milliontonsofthattotal,plasticsmakeuplessthan8%,paperabout36%,andglassandmetalabout20%,allbyarenaturallylighter,butstill,whenpressedtogether,accoutforonlyabout20%byvolume.

Asaresult,inthepast10yearstheUnitedStatesw'astedisposalgroundshavedecreasedfromabout18,500to6,fiveyears2,000morewillclose.

Intheprocessoffindingsolutions,somepeoplehaveproposedtostopusingplastics.Unfortunately,stopusingplasticswoulddomuchharmandnowouldloseallofthesafety,healthandconveniencefeaturesofplastics.

Besides,packagingwouldstillbe1987studyshowswhatwouldhappenifplasticswerenotused--theenergyneededtoproduceotherpackaging,itscost,andthevolumeofwastecollectedwouldallrisegreatly.

SomeAmericansbelievepartoftheanswertoAmerica'wsasteproblemliesinrecyclingeverythingfromglasstometalstopapertoplastic.

Today,recyclingisonthearenowmorethan1,000wasterecyclingprogramsinthe

arebeginningtorecycleplastics.

Rightnow,almost200companiesarerecyclingmillionsofusedplasticcontainersintotoys,trafficsigns,wastebaskets,floormaterials,andparkbenches.

Plasticsareamongtheeasiestmaterialstothan150millionpoundsor20%ofallplasticsoftdrinkbottleswererecycledin1987.

can'ttheplasticsoftdrinkbottlesbeturnedinto

.parts.

.signs.

alltherubbishinthe.,plasticsaccountforbyweightandbyvolume.

%;20%B.8%;20%

%;8%%;36%

average,wasteplasticsareotherwastes.

heavyindensityasindensitythan

indensitythansamebyweightas

5years,thehaveonlywastedisposalgrounds.

000,000

000,500

authorofthispassagetheproposalofstoppingusingplastices.

nothingaboutsympatheticwith

toto

Passage4

Therearetwokindsofmemory:

short-termandinlong-termmemorycanberememberedatalatertimewhenitisinformationmaybekeptfordaysor,informationinshort-termmemoryiskeptforonlyafewseconds,usuallybyrepeatingtheinformationoverandfollowingexperimentshowshowshort-termmemoryhasbeenstudied.

HenningstudiedhowstudentswhoarelearningEnglishasasecondlanguageremembersubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegerepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:

beginning,intermediate,advanced,andnative-speakingstudents.

Tobegin,thesubjectslistenedtoarecordingofanativespeakerreadingaparagraphintherecording,thesubjectstooka15-questiontesttoseewhichwordstheyquestionhad

foursubjectshadtocirclethewordtheyhadheardintheofthequestionshadfourchoices

thatsoundexample,weather,whethet,wither,andwetterarefourwordsthatsoundofthequestionshadfourchoicesthathavethesame,way,manner,andsystemwouldbefourwordswiththesamethesubjectstookalanguageproficiencytest.

HenningfoundthatstudentswithalowerproficiencyinEnglishmademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthatsoundalike;studentswithahigherproficiencymademoreoftheir

mistakesonwordsthathavethesame'sresultssuggestthatbeginningstudentsholdthesound

ofwordsintheirshort-termmemory,andadvancedstudentsholdthemeaningofwordsintheirshort-termmemory.

madetheexperimentinordertostudy.

studentsrememberEnglishvocabularybyshort-termmemory

studentslearnEnglishvocabularytodevelopstudents'abilityinEnglishlonginformationinshort-termmemoryiskeptofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage

inshort-termmemoryisdifferentfromthatinlong-termmemory.memorycanbeachievedonlybytraining.

iseasiertotestshort-termmemorythanlong-termmemory.

gaveaseparatetestonvocabularytohisstudents.

Henning'sresultswecanseethat.

havedifficultyindistinguishingthepronunciationofwordsstudentsrememberwordsbytheirmeaningisdefficulttorememberwordsthatsoundalikeisdifficulttorememberwordsthathavethesamemeaning

word“subject〞inthepassagemeans.

collegecoursethestudentstakethemeofthelisteningmaterial

branchofknowledgestudiedstudentexperimentedon

passagecenterson.

kindsofmemory

memoryexperimentonstudents

PartII.Vocabulary,StructureandGrammar（30%）

viewfromtheothersideofthemountainwasevenmore.

trainandwaslatethismorning,whichannoyedthemverymuch.

duck'scankeepoutwaterbecausetheyhaveoilysubstanceonthem.

theboxofexplosivecarefullyorwe'llupdeadourselves.

BrownswereagreatdealmoreoftheirgueststhantheSmiths.

isbydeathinmanycountries.

canhesavewhenhespendshisincome

sentertainment.

youliveinthecity,yourfriendsarealwaysforachatoranevening

witnesswasbadlywoundedhimself,sohecouldn'tappearincourt.

factnatureparticularpersoneggs,somemeat,toastfruitandcoffeeatbreakfast.

oftenfellinfrontofthetelevision.

sleepasleepfertilizerplay