02 于老师 情态动词专题.docx
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02于老师情态动词专题
情态动词考点（I）
关于情态动词我们要知道1没有人称,数的变化2不能单独作谓语，必须与不定式一起构成谓语
考点一：
can与could用法
1.能力：
can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的一般能力；beableto有更多的形式，其中was/wereableto表示过去的具体能力（即实施了过去某一具体的行为），相当于managedtodo.
翻译句子，并说出句中情态动词的含义
Hecouldspeakfourforeignlanguageswhenhewasyoung,butnowhecanspeakonlyone.___________
Therewasabigfireinthehouse,buthewasabletoescape._________________
Iamstarvingtodeath.Icaneattwobowlsofricenow.__________________
Ifyouhaveagoodsleep,youwillbeabletoworkoutthisproblem._______________
2.许可：
can可以代替may表示许可，could可以代替might表示许可，cannot表示不可以。
CanIuseyourmobilephoneforacall?
Heaskedmeifhecouldtakethebookoutofthelibrary.
在疑问句中可以用could/might表示更加委婉的语气。
例如：
Could/MightIaskyousomething,ifyouarenottoobusy?
Yes,youcan/may_.No,I’mafraidnot_.
3.习惯用语：
cannot…too…无论怎样…也不过分cannot…enough无论怎样…也不过分
Cannothelpdoing情不自禁做某事can’t…+比较级再…不过了
翻译句子：
当你过马路的时候，你再小心也不为过。
分别用cannot…too…/cannot…enough
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
那部电影再糟糕不过了。
_____________________________________________________________
这姑娘忍不住哭了。
___________________________________
3.推测：
详见第3张学案
考点二：
may与might用法
1.许可：
请求别人允许自己做某事，might比may的语气委婉；自己允许别人做某事，通常用may而不用might。
----May/MightItakethismagazineout?
----Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t.
2.习惯用语：
maywell很可能may/mightaswell最好，不妨…
May…do/be..祝愿…
翻译句子：
你很可能是对的________________________________________________
我们不妨去看一下吧____________________________________________________
愿你天天有进步__________________________________________________________
3.推测：
详见第3张学案
考点三：
must与haveto用法
1.must①表必须，用于肯定句和疑问句；。
②表示偏偏，偏要
2.must与haveto区别：
①must表示主观愿望或要求；haveto表示客观所迫，意为“不得不”
②mustn’t表示禁止，千万不要；don’thaveto=needn’t不必
翻译句子，并说出句中情态动词的含义
Justwhenwewerereadytogoawayforholidays,thebabymustcatchacold.____________
Thereisnobushere,andyouhavetogoonfoot.___________
BecauseitisSundaytoday,wedon’thavetogotoschool.__________
MustIgoatonce?
----No,youneedn’t.___________
Thechildissleeping.Youmustn’tmakeanynoise.___________
即学即练单项选择
1.Doctorssaythatexerciseisimportantforhealth,butit_____beregularexercise.
AcanBwillCmustDmay
2.Ihavetoldyouthetruth.____Ikeeprepeatingit?
AMustBCanCMayDWill
3.You____parkhere!
It’sanemergencyexit.Awouldn’tBneedn’tCcouldn’tDmustn’t
4.Justbepatient.You_____expecttheworldtochangesosoon.Acan’tBneedn’tCmaynotDwillnot
5.You____buyagift,butyoucanifyouwantto.AmustBmustn’tChavetoDdon’thaveto
6.----_______Itakethebookout?
----I’mafraidnot.AwillBMayCMustDNeed
7.Oneofthefewthingsyou___sayaboutEnglishpeoplewithcertaintyisthattheytalkalotabouttheweather.
AneedBmustCshouldDcan
8.Ican’tleave.ShetoldmethatI___stayhereuntilshecomesback.AcanBmustCwillDmay
9.Naturally,afterItoldherwhattodo,mydaughter______goanddotheopposite!
AmayBcanCmustDshould
10.----ShallIgiveyouarideasyoulivesofaraway?
----Thankyou._________
AItcouldn’tbebetterBOfcourseyoucanCIfyoulikeDIt’suptoyou.
考点四shall用法
0.用作助动词，表示单纯的将来，用于第一人称IshallringyouupassoonasIarrive.
1.表示征求意见。
在疑问句中，用于一、三人称
ShallIdothecleaning?
Shalltheboywaitoutsideorcomeinside?
2.表示说话者威胁、命令、警告、承诺用于二、三人称
Youshallremainhereuntilallyourpapersarecollected.Youshallgetthetickettomorrow.
3.在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为应,必须，用于第三人称
Personsunder18shan’tbeemployedinnightwork.
翻译句子，并说出句中情态动词的含义
1.Ifhepassestheexamination,heshallhaveaholiday._____________
2.ShallIcarryyourluggageforyou?
__________
3.Ifyouwon’tdoasItellyou,youshan’tgototheparty.__________
4.Accordingtotheregulation,everyplayershallwearanumber._____________________
考点五should与oughtto用法
用作单纯将来的助动词时，should是shall的过去式。
但用作情态动词时，should意为：
1.should/oughtto表示劝告或建议，意为“应该”should/oughttohavedone本应该做某事
2.should/oughtto表示按常规的推测，意为“按理应当，据估计”
3.should表示“竟然”4.should用于条件句中表示“万一”主句可虚拟也可真实。
翻译句子，并说出句中情态动词的含义
Theboysshouldn’tbeplayingfootball.Theyshouldbeatschool.___________
Youshouldn’thaveenteredtheteacher’sofficewithoutpermission.________________
Itisstrangethatitshouldbesohottoday._________
Shoulditraintomorrow,themeetingwill/wouldbeputoff._________
It’s4:
30.TheyshouldbeinNewYorkbynow.____________
考点六will与would用法
will除用作助动词表示单纯将来，还可充当情态动词，含义如下：
1.习惯：
“老是，总是”2.功能或倾向性3.表示意愿“要”4.请求：
在疑问句中用于第二人称。
5.will/won’t表示对祈使句的回答。
1.Writetomewhenyougethome.----Iwill_________2.Iwilldomybesttohelpyou.____________
3.Everyeveningtheywillplaychesstogether________4.Thedoorwon’topen_____________
5.Will/wouldyoupleasegivemeamessagewhenyouseehim?
__________
would与will相似：
1.表过去将来2.用于第二人称疑问句表有礼貌的请求，比will委婉
3.表示过去的习惯4.表意愿，“要”
Wheneverhewasangry,hewouldwalkoutoftheroom.___________
Hetoldusthathewouldmeetusattheairport._____________
Wealltriedtostophimsmokinginbedbuthewouldn’tlisten________________
即学即练单项选择
1.----Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butIwillhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.
----Don’tworry.You____haveitbyFriday.AcouldBshallCmustDmay
2.----Idon’tcarewhatpeoplethink.----Well,you_______.AcouldBwouldCshouldDmight
3.----whatdoesthesignoverthereread?
----“Noperson____smokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea.”AwillBmayCshallDmust
4.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_____remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.
AcanBwillCmayDshall
5.Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they_____theirsalesby20percent.
AwillincreaseBhavebeenincreasingChaveincreasedDwouldbeincreasing
6.Wehadtomakethecorrectionsbyhandasthecomputer____dothemforus.
Amightn’tBneedn’tCshouldn’tDwouldn’t
7.Whenyou’vefinishedwiththatbook,don’tforgettoputifbackontheshelf,____?
AdoyouBdon’tyouCwillyouDwon’tyou
8.Sir,you_____besittinginthiswaitingroom.Itisforwomenandchildrenonly.
Aoughtn’ttoBcan’tCwon’tDneedn’t
9.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_____agoal.
AhadscoredBscoredCwouldscoreDwouldhavescored
10.____youneedanyhelp,youcanalwaysphonemeattheoffice.AWouldBShouldCShallDMay
考点七：
need与dare用法：
两者既可用作情态动词也可用作实义动词
作实义动词时，有人称和数的变化，不受句式限制，疑否句时要用助动词do/does/did
作情态动词时，没有人称和数的变化（dare的过去式dared）,直接接动词原形，只用于疑否句
注意：
①Idaresay习惯用语，意为“我想，大概”②dare当实义动词，疑否句中to可省
③need作实义动词，后接n./pron./todo/;needdoing=needtobedone.
翻译句子，并说出句中need或dare是情态动词还是实义动词，以及含义
1.Hedaren’tcrosstheriver._________2.Howdareyouaskmesuchaquestion?
________
3.Hedarestocrosstheriver.__________4.Hedoesn’tdare（to）crosstheriver.__________
5.Hedoesn’tneedtodoit.__________6.Heneedn’tdoit._______7.Thefloorneedscleaning.___
即学即练：
1.You___tothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.
Aneedn’ttocomeBdon’tneedcomeCdon’tneedcomingDneedn’tcoming
2.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea_____.
AneedrepairingBneedstorepairCneedsrepairingDneedtorepair
3.----You’vecoemjustintimetohelpus.----Fine,Whatneeds______?
AIdoBdoneCtobedoneDshouldn’t
4.Iwonderhowhe_____thattotheteacher.AdaretosayBdaresayingCnotdaresayDdaredsay
情态动词考点（II）
考点一can/could表推测
1.can用于肯定句,意为“有时候会”Evenexperiencedteacherscanmakemistakes.
2.could用于肯定句,表示具体的现在或将来事情的可能性。
PetercouldgotoLondonthisweekend,butIdoubtit.
3.can’t/couldn’t用于否定句，语气最强，意为“不可能”Hecan’t/couldn’thaveseenherthere.
4.can/could用于疑问句，表示怀疑，意为“能是...么”Wherecanhebe?
CanitbeMr.Wang?
考点二may/might表推测“或许，可能”might比may更加不肯定
1.用于肯定句：
Hemay/mightbewritingaletternow.
2.用于否定句：
意为“可能不/或许不”Itmay/mightnotbetrue.
考点三must表推测用于肯定句，表示有把握的推测，意为“一定,否定形式是can’t/couldn’t
Youhaven’teatenanythingsincemorning;youmustbehungry.
Youcan’thaveseenhimatthepartylastnigh.Isawhimoffattheairport.
考点四should/oughtto表推测意为“按理应当”
It’s7o’clock.Hackshouldbehereatanymoment.
Heoughttosucceed,asheissodiligent.
翻译句子，并说出句中情态动词的含义
1.Hemustbewaitingforusattheschoolgate.___________2.Everyonecanmakeamistake._____
3.Canitbetrue?
No,itcan’tbetrue.___________
4.Helenmaygoonthetripwithus,butsheisn’tquitesureyet._________
5.TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheworldwidewaitbecauseitcanbeveryslow.___
6.How’syourtouraroundtheNorhLake?
Isitbeautiful?
–Itshouldbe,butitisnowheavilypolluted.__
7.IsJohncomingbytrain?
Heshould,buthemaynot.Helikesdrivinghiscar.______________
即学即练：
单项选择
1．----Goodmorning.I’vegotanappointmentwithMissSmithinthePersonnelDepartment.
----Ah,goodmorning.You_______beMrs.Peters.AmightBmustCwouldDcan
2.“You_____haveawrongnumber,”shesaid,“There’snooneofthatnamehere.”
AneedBcanCmustDwould
3.Jackdescribedhisfather,who____abraveboymanyyearsago,asastrong-willedman.
AwouldbeBwouldhavebeenCmustbeDmusthavebeen
4.I_____havewatchedthatmovie----it’llgivemehorribledreams.
Ashouldn’tBneedn’tCcouldn’tDmustn’t
5.----Sorry,ProfessorSmith.Ididn’tfinishtheassignmentyesterday.
----Oh,you____havedoneitasyesterdaywasthedeadline.AmustBmustn’tCshouldDshouldn’t
6.Itisimportanttoknowa
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