高级商务英语.docx

高级商务英语.docx

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高级商务英语

高级商务英语

Unit1a

Describingworkroles:

Speaking:

Manager:

Themanagerisresponsibleforthemainactivitiesofthecompany,suchasmanufacturingandsales.Heisthedecision-maker.Anditishisdutytohandledifficultsituationsatwork.What’smore,heneedstosigncontracts,monitorexpensesclaims（核实报销单）andaswellasdealingwithcomplaints.

LineManagerinProductionDepartment:

Heisengagedinplanningandorganizingoperations（计划和组织生产）.Itishisdutytoschedule（plan）projectsanddealwithplantmaintenance（设备保养运行）.Heisresponsibletocoordinate（协调）manufacturingactivitiestoensureproductionandqualityofproductsmeetspecifications[说明书（上的要求）].Andheneedstoobserveworkerstoensurecompliancewith（遵守，服从）standards.

Homework:

SalesDepartment?

Secretary?

JobDescription（岗位说明书，职责描述）

岗位说明书是把工作分析的结果做综合性的整理，以界定特定工作的内容。

它是传统人力资源管理制度的一个重要组成部分。

内容主要包括工作名称、工作地点、工作概述、工作职责，所用工具与设备。

Jobdescriptionsarelistsofthegeneraltasks,orfunctions,andresponsibilitiesofaposition.Typically,theyalsoincludetowhomthepositionreports,specificationssuchasthequalificationsneededbythepersoninthejob,salaryrangefortheposition,etc.

Reading1

HowdoestheWorkSetsystemusecolortoclarifyworkroles?

WorkSetallowscompaniestoclarifyworkrolesbyclassifyingdifferentaspectsofthejobaccordingtocolor.Companiescanusecolortospecifytheexactlevelofresponsibilitytobegiventoanumberofkeytasks.Thesespecificationscanbechangedasthejobchanges.Employeescanusethesamesystemtogivefeedbackonthejobfromtheirpointofview,ensuringjobdescriptionsremainrelevant.

Reading1

thedifferencebetweenthemanager’sbriefandwhattheemployeeactuallydoes.

Accordingtothemanager’sbrief,abouthalfoftheemployee’stimeshouldbespenttakingpersonalresponsibilityformeetingobjectives（yellowwork）.However,heemployeefeelsthatthisisnotthecase.Bluework（workcarriedoutinaprescribedway）isdoubletheamountenvisaged（设想）inthebrief.Ascanbeseenfromthegrey,whiteandpinksegments,theemployeealsoperceiveshimtobeinvolvedincertainactivitiesoutsidethejobbrief.Whilethesmallamountofwhite（creative）workappearstobepositive,thepinktimeservesnousefulpurpose.Moreover,theincidentalgreyworkwhichtheemployeeisaskedtodoinadditiontohisjobmaybedetracting（使分心）fromthecoreyellowwork.

Language

thepresentsimpleandthepresentcontinuousforms

Presentsimple:

·torefertopermanentorlong-termsituations（长久或长期状态）

·torefertoregularactions（经常性的动作）

·torefertostates（现在的状态）

·torefertofuturetimeinsubordinateclauses（从句中指将来）

·aspartofaconditionalclause

Presentcontinuous

·torefertotemporarysituations（目前阶段正在进行的工作）

·torefertocurrentactivities（目前正在进行的动作）

·torefertoanactivityhappeningaroundaparticulartime（某一特定时间发生的动作）

·toemphasizethatanactivityisongoing（某一动作继续存在）

Conclusion:

Thesimpleformcanbethoughtastheneutralform,nottoemphasizeatimeelement,whilethecontinuousformmeansthatthespeakerisrelatingtheactiontoaspecifictime,eithernoworinthefuture.

Homework

Salesdepartment:

launchmarketingpromotions;introduceproducts;demonstrateproducts;persuadecustomerstobuy;placeadvertisements;bargainaboutprice;offerdiscount

secretary:

makeoranswertelephonecalls;makeortakenotes,minutesandmessages;dealwithfilesandcorrespondences;writememosandreports;workatcomputerforwordprocessing;receiveguestsandvisitors;arrangemeetings;makeappointments

Writing

ReassessmentofJobDescription:

SuePearson（PRDept.）

Introduction

ThisreportsetsouttouseWorkSettoassesstheaccuracyofmyjobdescriptionasPROfficerandtosuggestanumberofchanges.

Findings

ItisclearthatthereisadifferencebetweenthewaythecompanyviewsthejobandtherealityIperceiveit.Firstly,anumberofareaswhichdemandasignificantproportionofmytimearenotmentionedintheofficialjobbrief.Thesegmentonthepiechartwhichprovidesmostcauseforconcernisthepinksector;thisrelatestomyattendanceatanumberofmeetingstowhichIcancontributelittle.Anothersignificantareaisthegreysegment;thisreferstotheunscheduledtimewhichIspendsortingoutcomputerproblems.Ifeelthattheseactivitiesarehamperingmycorework.Ascanbeseenfromthepiecharts,thetimeIspendactivelyworkingtomeetthegoalsagreedwithmylinemanagerislessthanenvisaged.

Conclusions

Theabovediscrepanciesclearlyindicatethatmycurrentjobbriefisinaccurate.

Recommendations

IwouldrecommendthatmyofficialjobbriefshouldbeupdatedusingtheWorkSetcolours.Itwouldalsobevaluabletoconsidertheproportionofnon-corecolorsinthepiechartandtoinvestigatewhetherworkintheseareascouldbecarriedoutbysomeoneelsemoresuitedtothesetasks.

Unit1b

PastSimple

·torefertoactionsstartedandfinishedinthepast（过去开始和完成的动作）

·torefertoadefinitetimeinthepast（过去某个特定时间）

Presentperfectsimple:

·torefertoactionsstartedinthepastbutunfinished（过去发生，尚未结束的动作）

·torefertoanindefinitetimeinthepast（过去不确定的时间）

·torefertorecentactions（近期动作）

·torefertopastactionwithpresentconsequence（对现在有影响的过去动作）

Presentperfectcontinuous

·torefertoactionsstartedinthepastandcontinuingintothefuture（过去发生持续到将来）

·torefertorepeatedorcontinuousactionsinthepastwithpresentconsequence（对现在有影响过去一直进行的动作）

Thepastsimpleisusedtotalkaboutcompletedactionsandfactsrelatedtopasttime.

Bothformsofthepresentperfectcontaintheideaofalinkbetweenpastandpresenttimeandinsomecasesitispossibletouseeitherform.However,thereisanemphasisbetweenthetwo:

thepresentperfectsimplefocusesonthecompletionorresultofanactivitywhereasthepresentperfectcontinuousfocusesonthecontinuityofanactivity.

Speaking

WouldyoubepreparedtoinvestinInternetshare?

Yes:

trendyandfashionable;someofthemenjoyhighbrandawareness;thepromiseofaquickandgoodprofit;offerpotentialforrapidgrowth;havegoodprospects,withon-linetransaction,e-banking,cybercommunity（网络社团）,teleworking（网络办公）ontheincrease

No:

riskyandmayeasilygoaway（disappearlikebubbles）;volatile;anythingbutasafeinvestment;lackofareliable

securitysystem;notfamiliarwithweb-basedtechnology.

P12Writing

ResourcePlanningManager:

AssessmentofSuitabilityforHome-basedWorking

Introduction

ThepurposeofthisreportistoassessthesuitabilityofmypositionasResourcePlanningManagerforhome-basedworking.

Findings

Myworkingpatternandthatofmycolleaguesvariesformweektoweek.Duringcertainperiodsalargeproportionofmytimeisspentdoingfieldwork.Thisisfollowedbyoffice-basedworkcollatingandrecordingthedatacollected.Oncetheresultshavebeenrecorded,Iproofreadthecolorcopiesofallreportsandmaps.

Asregardscommunicationwithcolleagues,departmentmeetingsareheldonceafortnight.Atallothertimes,theindividualmembersoftheteamcommunicateeitherface-to-faceorbyphone,dependingontheirlocation.Apartfromofficialmeetings,thesameresultscanbeachievedwhetherIamintheofficeorworkingelsewhere.

Conclusion

ItisclearthatIwouldbeabletoundertakethesamedutieswhileworkingfromhomeforalargeproportionofmytime.Clearly,somedayswouldneedtobespentintheofficeforface-to-facecommunicationwithcolleagues.Itwouldalsobenecessarytousethetechnicalfacilitiesoftheofficeattimes.However,inordertobeabletoworkeffectivelyfromhome,Iwouldneedtobeprovidedwithanetworkedcomputerandprinter.

Recommendations

IwouldsuggestthatIshouldbegiventhenecessaryequipmenttoworkpartiallyfromhomefortrialperiod.Afterthistime,furtherconsultationshouldtakeplaceinordertoreassessthesituation.

P24speaking

Mergewithoracquireaforeigncompanyofthesameindustry;reducecost;buymarketshare;raisesharevalue;buyadistributionchannel（分销）；complementaproductportfolio;

forthefurthergrowthofthecompany

P20writing

Sampleanswer

ThesharepriceofbothIBMandAOLshowedageneralupwardtrendfromJuneuntiltheendof1998.however,whileAOLsharesthencontinuedtorisesteadilyoverthenextthreemonths,thepriceofIBMsharesfellslightly.ByMarch1999bothshareswereworthabout$100.

AOLsharesthenshotup,almostdoublinginvaluewithinfourweeks.Theyreachedahighof$180inmid-Aprilbeforecollapsingtojustover$100pershareatthebeginningofMay.Therewasaslightrecoveryduringthatmonthhowever,despitethis,byJune1999thepriceofAOLshareswasonceagainabout$100.Incontrast,despiteminorfluctuations,IBMsharesmadeasteadyrecoveryoverthethreemonthperiod,finishingatjustover$100,almostequaltoAOL.

Unit3a

Speaking:

benefitsoftradefairs:

Benefitsforexhibitors:

achanceofface-to-facetalkwithprospectiveclients;bettereffectsofpromotion（宣传效果好）;agoodchancetopushsales;mediaexposure（publicity）fortheindustry（媒体对行业的宣传）；morechancesforbusinesstransaction;visualpresentationofproducts（产品得到直观展示）

Benefitsforvisitors:

visualanddirectknowledgeofproducts;findoutmoredetailsaboutproducts,suchasquality,specification（规格），appearance,price,technicalsuperiorityornot（是否有技术含量），termsoftransaction（成交条件）,etc；

Anopportunitytofindoutwhatishappeningintheindustry;theconvenienceofeverythinginoneplace;achancetotalktoexhibitors

1．Goodtothelastdrop．滴滴香浓，意犹未尽。

（麦斯威尔咖啡）

2．Obeyyourthirst．服从你的渴望。

（雪碧）

3．Thenewdigitalera．　数码新时代。

（索尼影碟机）

4．Welead．Otherscopy．我们领先，他人