考研英语二真题及参考答案.docx

考研英语二真题及参考答案.docx

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考研英语二真题及参考答案

2018考研英语二真题及参考答案

　　SectionIUseofEnglish

　　Directions：

　　Readthefollowingtext。

Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDontheANSWERSHEET。

（10points）

　　WhydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful？

Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertainty，accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience。

Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewill2tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill3。

　　Inaseriesoffourexperiments，behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstested。

Student’swillingnessto4themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfycuriosity。

Forone5eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment。

Thetwist？

Halfofthepenswould6anelectricshockwhenclicked。

　　Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified，anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified7leftaloneintheroom，thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould8subsequentexperimentsreproduced，thiseffectwithotherstimuli9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects。

　　Thedriveto_10_isdeeplyrootedinhumans。

Muchthesameasthebasicdrivesfor_11_orshelter，saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicagoCuriosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct-itcan_12_NewScientificadvances，forinstance-butsometimessuch_13_canbackfire，theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo_14_thingsisaprofoundone。

　　Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto15，however，inafinalexperiment，participantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanimage。

Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughonone’scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor。

”Thinkingaboutlong-term20iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity。

Hseesays“inotherwords，don’treadonlinecomments”。

　　1、[A]Protect[B]resolve[C]discuss[D]ignore

　　2、[A]refuse[B]wait[C]regret[D]seek

　　3、[A]hurt[B]last[C]mislead[D]rise

　　4、[A]alert[B]tie[C]treat[D]expose

　　5、[A]message[B]review[C]trial[D]concept

　　6。

[A]remove[B]weaken[C]interrupt[D]deliver

　　7。

[A]when[B]if[C]though[D]unless

　　8。

[A]continue[B]happen[C]disappear[D]change

　　9。

[A]ratherthan[B]regardlessof[C]suchas[D]owingto

　　10。

[A]discover[B]forgive[C]forget[D]disagree

　　11。

[A]pay[B]marriage[C]schooling[D]food

　　12。

[A]leadto[B]reston[C]learnfrom[D]beginwith

　　13。

[A]withdrawal[B]persistence[C]inquiry[D]diligence

　　14。

[A]self-reliant[B]self-destructive[C]self-evident[D]self-deceptive

　　15。

[A]define[B]resist[C]replace[D]trace

　　16。

[A]overlook[B]predict[C]design[D]conceal

　　17。

[A]remember[B]promise[C]choose[D]pretend

　　18。

[A]relief[B]plan[C]duty[D]outcome

　　19。

[A]why[B]whether[C]where[D]how

　　20。

[A]consequences[B]investments[C]strategies[D]limitations

　　SectionIIReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions：

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts。

AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA，B，CorD。

MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET。

（40points）

　　Text1

　　ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture。

　　Mr。

Koziatekispartofsomethingpioneering。

HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization，butpractical。

Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlyoverwhelmedbyabrokenbikechain？

　　AsKoziatekknows，thereislearninginjustabouteverything。

Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuckwithgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum。

Theycanalsolearngeometrybyassemblingabicycle。

　　Buthe’salsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice。

Workingwithyourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinferiority。

Schoolsinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethatstereotype。

。

。

thatit’sforkidswhocan’tmakeitacademically，”hesays。

　　Ononehand，thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sevolution。

Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas。

ThejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevaporated。

Moreeducationisthenewprinciple。

Wewantmoreforourkids，andrightfullyso。

　　Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall–andthesubtledevaluingofanythingless–missesanimportantpoint：

That’snottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneed。

Yes，abachelor’sdegreeopensmoredoors。

Butevennow，54percentofthejobsinthecountryaremiddle-skilljobs，suchasconstructionandhigh-skillmanufacturing。

Butonly44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained。

　　Inotherwords，atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonitspoliticalhead，frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing，oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface。

Thereisagapinworking-classjobs，buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren’tequippedtodothem。

Koziatek’sManchesterschoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap。

　　Koziatek’sschoolisawake-upcall。

Wheneducationbecomesone-size-fits-all，itrisksoverlookinganation’sdiversityofgifts。

Abrokenbikechainismentionedtoshowstudents’lackof。

　　[A]practicalability

　　[B]academictraining

　　[C]pioneeringspirit

　　[D]mechanicalmemorization

Thereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho。

　　[A]haveastereotypedmind

　　[B]havenocareermotivation

　　[C]arenotacademicallysuccessful

　　[D]arefinanciallydisadvantaged

WecaninferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates。

　　[A]usedtohavebigfinancialconcerns

　　[B]usedtohavemorejobopportunities

　　[C]arereluctanttoworkinmanufacturing

　　[D]areentitledtomoreeducationalprivileges

Theheadlongpushintobachelor‘sdegreesforall。

　　[A]helpscreatealotofmiddle-skilljobs

　　[B]maynarrowthegapinworking-classjobs

　　[C]isexpectedtoyieldabetter-trainedworkforce

　　[D]indicatestheovervaluingofhighereducation

Theauthor‘sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas。

　　[A]supportive

　　[B]tolerant

　　[C]disappointed

　　[D]cautious

　　Text2

　　Whilefossilfuels—stillgenerateroughly85percentoftheworld’senergysupply，it’sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar。

Themovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld：

Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline。

　　Somegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedbusinessestofundcleanerenergysources。

Butincreasinglythestoryisabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables，especiallywindandsolar。

Thecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetoone-thirdinthepasteightyears。

　　Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource。

InScotland，forexample，windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percentofhomes。

Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead，notablyChinaandEurope，theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift。

InMarch，forthefirsttime，windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS，reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration。

　　PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels—especiallycoal—asthepathtoeconomicgrowth。

InarecentspeechinIowa，hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergysource。

ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa，wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate’selectricitygeneration—andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters。

　　Thequestion“Whathappenswhenthewinddoesn’tbloworthesundoesn’tshine？

”hasprovidedaquickput-downforskeptics。

Butaboostinthestoragecapacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikely。

　　Theadvanceisdriveninpartbyvehiclemanufacturers，whoareplacingbigbetsonbattery-poweredelectricvehicles。

Althoughelectriccarsarestillararityonroadsnow，thismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlyincomingyears。

　　Whilethere’salongwaytogo，thetrendlinesforrenewablesarespiking。

Thepaceofchangeinenergysourcesappearstobespeedingup—perhapsjustintimetohaveameaningfuleffectinslowingclimatechange。

WhatWashingtondoes—ordoesn’tdo—topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessatatimeofaglobalshiftinthought。

Theword“plummeting”（Line3，Para。

2）isclosestinmeaningto。

　　[A]stabilizing

　　[B]changing

　　[C]falling

　　[D]rising

AccordingtoParagraph3，theuseofrenewableenergyinAmerica。

　　[A]isprogressingnotably

　　[B]isasextensiveasinEurope

　　[C]facesmanychallenges

　　[D]hasprovedtobeimpractical

ItcanbelearnedthatinIowa，。

　　[A]windisawidelyusedenergysource

　　[B]windenergyhasreplacedfossilfuels

　　[C]techgiantsareinvestingincleanenergy

　　[D]thereisashortageofcleanenergysupply

WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraphs5&6？

　　[A]Itsapplicationhasboostedbatterystorage。

　　[B]Itiscommon