情态动词训练.docx

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情态动词训练.docx

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情态动词训练.docx

情态动词训练

1.can/could:

(1)表能力

(2)常用于疑问句、否定句中,表示惊讶怀疑等。

(3)表示客观事实(4)表示推测,常用于疑问句、否定句中。

(5)口语中表示请求允许,相当于“may”.

(6)could口语中可以表推测,用于肯定句,相当于”may”。

beableto:

(1)表能力更侧重结果或表做某事的具体能力。

(2)由多种时态

e.g.Howcanyoubesocareless?

(表惊讶)

Thewindcanbestrongatthetopofthemountain.(客观事实)

CanIaskyouaquestion?

(=may)

Thefirespreadsofastthatfewpeoplewereabletoescapefromit.(结果)

ShehasbeenabletotalktousinEnglish.

注意:

can’t…too/enough意为“。

不为过”,“很,十分”;

cannot(help)butdosomething.“禁不住做。

,不得不,只得

e.g.Youcanneverbecarefulenough.

Ican’tspeaktoohighlyofhim.

Icould(help)butadmitthatIwaswrong.

2.may/might:

(1)表示请求对方允许,其否定回答为mustn’t/can’t

(2)表示可能性的推测,常用于肯定句、否定句中

(3)表示祝愿

e.gMayIcomein?

(No,youmustn’t/can’t.)(请求对方允许)

I’mnotsurewhatIwilldotonight,andImaygotothecinema.

((推测)

Mayyousucceed!

(比较:

Iwishyousuccess.)

3.must:

(1)必须,表示说话人的主观看法,其否定回答常用needn’t/can’t/don’thaveto(注意mustn’t表示禁止)

(2)表示把握比较大的推测意为“一定,想必”,只用于肯定句中。

(3)表示发生了与说话人意愿相反的事意为“偏偏,偏巧”

haveto:

(1)“不得不,只得”,表示客观需要,其否定式为:

don’t/doesn’t/didn’thaveto

(2)有现在时、过去时、将来时和完成时。

e.g.ItmustbeXiaoWang.(推测)

WhymustitrainonSunday?

(偏偏)

WhymustIdothat?

(同上)

I’llhavetopreparedinner.

4.shall/should:

(1)用于二、三人称的陈述句中,表示“警告、威胁、命令、允诺、强制”等

(2)用于一、三人的疑问句中,表示询问或征求对方意见。

(3)should表示推测,意为“按理应该…”

(4)should表示惊讶、怀疑、出乎意料、理应如此等。

oughtto:

用法基本与should同,但更强调客观上的责任义务语气比should强

e.g.Shallhecleanthewindow?

(表示征求对方意见)

Everythingshallbetakenawayifyoubreakthelaw.(表示强制)

YoushallhavethebookassoonasIfinishreadingit.(表示允诺)

It’salreadyseveno’clock.Jackshouldbehereatanymoment.(推测)

It’sstrangethatyoushouldhavebeenfooledbysuchasimpletrick.(惊讶)

5.will/would:

(1)表示意愿,适用于各个人称

(2)用于第二人称的疑问句中,表示征求对方意见。

(3)表示某种倾向。

(4)would表示过去的习惯(比较usedtodosth.),不可与表示状态或存在的词连用。

e.g.Ifyouwillwaitforaminute,ourmanagerwillmeetyou.(表示意愿)

Willyoupleaserepeatit?

/Wouldyoulikesomefruit?

(表示征求意见)

Fishwilldiewithoutwater./Boyswillbeboys.(表示某种倾向)

WhenIwasachild,Iwouldalwaysreadatthewindow.(过去的习惯)

Thereusedtobeastopatthecorner.(表示存在,不能用would)

6.need

(1)表示必要,常用于疑问句和否定句中,无人称、时态和数的变化。

(2)实义动词,意为“必要,需要”,后面可接名词、代词、动名词和不定式。

动名词表被动,不定式表主动。

dare:

(1)常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中,只有现在时和过去时。

(2)用作实义动词,后接不定式。

e.g.Youneedn’tpayforit.,needyou?

(情态动词)

Hedoesn’tneedanyhelp.(实义动词)

Thedoorneedspainting.(实义动词)

Youneedtopaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.(实义动词)

Ifyoudaredothat,youshallbepunished.(情态动词)

Shestoppedatthedoor,notdaringtoenter.(实义动词)

注意:

Idaresay意为“可能,我相信”

7.hadbetter(not)dosomething(Hadyoubetterdosomething?

wouldrather(not)dosomething(Wouldyourathernotdosomething?

usedtodosomething(Used/Usedn’tyoutodosomething?

二.关于推测

1.表示对现在动作的推测:

肯定构成:

must/may/mightdo

否定构成:

may/can’tdosomething

疑问句:

Can+S.dosomething?

e.g.Hemust/may/mightbeXiaoWang.

Hecan’tbeathomenow,ishe?

2.对过去动作的推测

肯定构成:

must/may/mighthavedonesomething

否定构成:

may/might/can/couldnothavedonesomething

疑问句:

Can/Could+S.havedonesomething?

e.g.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,foritiswetontheground.

Hecan’thavefinishedtheworkyesterday,didhe?

Theymayhavebeenathomeforalongtime,haven’tthey?

Theymusthavelearnt3000wordsbytheendoflastterm,hadthey?

Theycan’thavebeenathomelastnight,werethey?

3.对进行动作的推测:

肯定构成:

must/may/mightbedoingsomething

否定构成:

may/might/can’t/couldn’tbedoingsomething

e.g.HemustbewatchingTVnow.

三.关于虚拟语气中的情态动词:

1.should/oughttohavedonesomething(本该做。

shouldnot/oughtn’ttohavedonesomething(本不该做。

2.could(not)havedonesomething(本来能/可以做。

,本不能/不可以做。

3.might(not)havedonesomething(本可以做。

,本不可以做。

4.need(not)havedonesomething(本来有必要做。

,本没必要做。

5.wouldrather(not)havedonesomething(宁愿做/没做。

6.wouldhavedonesomething(表示对过去动作的假设)

1.SorryIamlate.I__haveturnedoffthealarmandgonebacktosleepagain.

A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will

2.---AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?

---Iamnotsure.I___gototheconcertinstead.

A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might

3.MysistermethimattheGrandTheateryesterdayafternoon,sohe___yourlecture.A.couldn’thaveattendedB.needn’thaveattended

C.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattended

4.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You___homewithoutaword.

A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave

5.---Writetomewhenyougethome.---_____.

A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican

6.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman___besorudetoalady.

A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would

7.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How___itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?

A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must

8.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe____agoal.

A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored

9.---Ihearyou’vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins.___Ihavealook?

A.DoB.MayC.WillD.Should

10.---IsJohncomingbytrain?

---Heshould,buthe___not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may

11.Ithasbeenannouncedthatallthestudents___remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.shallD.may

12.---Iheardtheywentskatinginthemountainslastwinter.

---It____truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.

A.maynotbeB.couldn’tbeC.won’tbeD.mustn’tbe

13.Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I___somuchfriedchickjustnow.

A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeatenC.shouldn’thaveeatenD.mustn’teat

14.Naturally,afterItoldherwhattodo,mydaughter___goanddotheopposite!

A.mayB.canC.mustD.should

15.---Theroomissodirty.___wecleanit?

---Ofcourse.

A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do

16.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags___beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will

17.How___yousayyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?

A.canB.mustC.needD.may

18.Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturer(生产商)thatmalecustomers___notlikethedesignofthefurniture.A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need

19.---Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?

---No,it___behim.---I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.

A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot

20.---Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?

---Well,ifyou___know,hernameisMabel.

A.mayB.canC.shallD.must

21.---Idon’tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.---You___.I’mnotaskingyouforit.

A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t

22.---Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.

---You___havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.

A.shan’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.shouldn’t

23.---Mum,I’vebeenstudyingEnglishsince8o’clock.___IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile?

A.Can’tB.Wouldn’tC.MaynotD.Won’t

24.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI___reportittothepolice?

A.mayB.willC.canD.should

25.Mr.White____at8:

30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.

A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldbearrivingD.musthavearrived

26.You___paytoomuchattentiontoyourreadingskill,asitissoimportant.

A.shouldB.cannotC.mustD.needn’t

27.---Excuseme,couldyoutellmewheretheHuayusupermarketis?

---It’stwoblocksstraightahead.You___missit.

A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t

28.Thedirectorinsistedtheplan___reasonableandwe___.

A.was,carryitoutB.be,carrieditoutC.was,carrieditoutD.be,carryitout

29.---Thetable___.---Ofcoursenot.Oneofitslegsismissing.

A.can’tstayupB.doesn’tstandupC.maynotsitupD.won’tstandup

30.---theplanehavetakenoffontime?

---I’mafraidnot.Thefogwastoothickthen.

A.WouldB.ShouldC.MustD.Can

31.Whydidn’tyoutellmeyesterdaythatyoucouldlendmesomemoney?

I___moneyfromthebank.A.needn’thaveborrowed

B.can’thaveborrowedC.needn’tborrowD.maynothaveborrowed

32.---____hecometoseeyou?

---Ofcourse,please.AndI’dratherhe___methetruth.

A.Will,informB.Shall,toldC.Should,willsayD.Can,spoke

1-5ADABC6-10CADBD11-15CBCCB

16-20BACAD21-25DAADA26-30BBADD31-32AB

1.---ShallItellJohnaboutit?

---No,you______.I’vetoldhimalready.

A.needn’t    B.wouldn’t   C.mustn’t   D.shouldn’t

2.---Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,butmanagedtotakemeaswell.5Fr

 ---It______acomfortablejourney.

 A.can’tbe  B.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeen  D.couldn’thavebeen

3.---Whydidn’tyoucometoseeme?

 ---I______,butIwastoobusyyesterday.

 A.liketo    B.shouldliketoC.wouldliketohave    D.amgoingto

4.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman______besorudetoalady.

 A.might     B.need      C.should     D.would

5.Therewasplentyoftime;she______.

 A.mustn’thavehurried       B.needn’thavehurried

 C.maynothavehurried       D.wouldn’thavehurried

6.---IsJohncomingbyair?

 ---Heshould,but______not.Helikestakingtrains.

 A.must      B.can      C.need       D.may

7.---______itbeLiPingwhobroketheglass?

 ---No.It______beWangHaiwhodidit.

 A.Could;may   B.Can;can   C.May;must    D.Can;must

8.Whentheoldmanwasalive,he______sitforhoursatthedoor.

 A.would      B.could     C.must       D.might

9.Jack,you______play

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