数控专业英语教案.docx

数控专业英语教案.docx

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数控专业英语教案

《数控专业英语》

电子教案

适用班级：

10级数控技术

李柏华

2012年9月

课题一

一、章节：

lesson1FiveBasicTechniquesofMachiningMetal

二、教学目的：

让同学们了解和掌握五种基本的金属加工工艺方法

三、教学方法：

讲授

四、教学重点：

金属成型的5种方法

五、教学难点：

车削和镗削

六、使用教具：

七、课后作业：

Translation

八、课后小结：

lesson1FiveBasicTechniquesofMachiningMetal

Newwords:

1.variety［ｖə°ｒａｉəｔｉ］n.种类，变化，多样化

2.unlimited［ʌｎ°ｌｉｍｉｔｉｄ］adj.无限的

3.bench［ｂｅｎｔ］n.工作台

4.house［ｈａｕｓ］v.安装，容纳

5.solid［°ｓɔｌｉｄ］adj.坚固的，固体的，实心的　n.固体，实体

6.slot［ｓｌɔｔ］n.缝,槽，狭槽　v.开槽

7.slottingmachine插床

8.slotter［°ｓｌɔｔə］n.插床，铣槽机

9.straight［ｓｔｒｅｉｔ］adj.直的,整齐的

10.circle［°ｓəːｋｌ］v.,n.环绕，旋转，圆圈

Tranlations:

Machinetoolsaremadeinagreatmanytypesandsizes.Thevarietyofmachinetoolstodayisalmostunlimited.Somearesmallenoughtobemountedonabench.Othersaresolargethattheyrequirespecialbuildingtohousethem.［1］Somearerathersimple,whileothersareverycomplicatedinconstructionandtheircontrols.

Largeorsmall,simpleorcomplicated,machinetoolscanbecategorizedintofivemajorclassifications,identifiedasthefivebasictechniquesofshapingmetal.

（1）Drilling.Drillingistheoperationofproducingholesinsolidmetal.Arotatingdrillcalledatwistdrillisused.Machinetoolsfordrillingholesarecalleddrillingmachines.Therearemanytypesandsizesofdrillingmachines.Thesemachinescanperformotheroperationsbesidesdrilling.Theworkpieceisheldstationary,thatis,clampedinposition,andasthedrillrotates,itisfedintotheworkpiece［2］（Fig.1-1）.

（2）TurningandBoring.Theenginelatheisthemostcommontypeofmachinetoolforturningwork.Turningistheoperationofcuttingorremovingmetalfromawokpiece.Acuttingtoolisfedintooralongtheworkwhiletheworkpiecerevolves（Fig.1-2）.

Boringistheoperationofenlargingormachiningaholethathasbeendrilledorcastintothemetal.Boringinalatheisdonebyfeedingasingle-pointcuttingtoolintotheworkasitrevolves［3］（Fig.1-3）.

（3）Milling.Millingistheoperationofremovingmetalbymeansofarotatingcuttingtool,whichhasmultiplecuttingedgesandiscalledamillingcutter（Fig.1-4）.

（4）Grinding.Grindingistheoperationofcuttingorremovingmetalbymeansofanabrasivewheelcalledagrindingwheel.Grindingfinishesworkveryaccuratelyandsmoothly.Whengrindingroundwork,theworkpiecerevolvesasitisfedagainsttheturningwheel.Whengrindingflatwork,theworkpieceispassedbackandforthundertheturningwheel（Fig.1-5）.Thegrindingprocessisoftenusedforthefinalfinishingtoclosedimensionsofapartthathasbeenheat-treatedtomakeitveryhard.

（5）Shaping,PlaningandSlotting.Theseoperationsaredonetoproduceormachineflat,accuratesurfaceusingsingle-pointcuttingtools.Weshouldunderstandthedifferencebetweentheshaper,theplanerandtheslottingmachines.Onashaper,thecuttingtoolmovesbackandforthovertheworkwhiletheworkisfedagainstthecuttingtool（Fig.1-6）.

Onaplaner,theworkmovesbackandforthunderthecuttingtoolwhilethecuttingtoolisfedintooragainsttheworkpiece（Fig.1-7）.

SlottingisanOperationsimilartotheoperationperformedonashaper.Aslottingmachineisreallyaverticalshaper,thecuttingtoolofwhichmovesupanddown.［4］Inthiscase,theworkisfedagainstthecuttingtoolinastraightlineorinacircle,dependinguponthetypeofworkbeingmachined.⑤Slotter,orverticalshaper,areusedprincipallytoc

课题二

一、章节：

LESSON2TheMachineControlComputer

二、教学目的：

让同学们了解和掌握工控机的结构与功能

三、教学方法：

讲授

四、教学重点：

工控机的结构与功能

五、教学难点：

工控机的结构与功能

六、使用教具：

七、课后作业：

八、课后小结：

●Newwords

1.execution［̩ｅｋｓｉ°ｋｊｕːʃəｎ］n.实行,完成,执行,制作

2.hence［ｈｅｎｓ］adv.因此,从此

3.alter［°ɔːｌｔə］v.改变

4.load［ｌəｕｄ］n.负载,加载　vt.装载,使

5.controller［ｋəｎ°ｔｒəｕｌə］n.控制器

6.hardware［°ｈ􀱷ːｄｗɛə］n.（电脑的）硬件7.software［°ｓɔｆｔｗɛə］］n.软件

8.monitor［°ｍɔｎｉｔə］n.显示器，监视器　v.监控

9.generaltermn.总括,通称，统称

10.processor［°ｐｒəｕｓｅｓə］n.处理机,处理器

11.volatilememory非永久性存储器,易失存储器

12.switch［ｓｗｉｔ］n.开关,转换　vt.转换

13.RAM（randomaccessmemory）n.［计］随机（存取）存储器

14.battery［°ｂæｔəｒｉ］n.电池

15.ROM（ReadOnlyMemory）［ｒɔｍ］n.只读存储器

Translations

Thecomputeronnumericallycontrolledmachinescontrolstheprogramexecution,hencethiscomputerisknownasthemachinecontrolcomputerorcontroller（Fig.2-1）.Thiscomputerperformstaskssimilartoapersonalcomputer,suchasloadingtheprogram,searchingthroughtheprogram,alteringanddeletinginformation,andexecutingtheprogram（programrun）.［1］

Fig.2-1　ACNCverticalmachiningcenterequippedwithamoderncontrolthatutilizes32-bitlogicforon-screenprogramming,foreground/backgroundoperations,maintenanceandstandardfunctionsforprogramediting,andprogramexecution.

Themachinecontrolcomputerconsistsoftwomaincomponents:

hardware,whichisanyphysicalcomponentinacomputersystem,suchastheprocessor,monitor,memory,andinput/outputdevices;andsoftware,whichisageneraltermforprogramsstoredinthememoryinelectronicform.［2］

TheCNCprogramsarestoredincomputermemory,whichalsoholdsthesoftwareneededtorunthecontrolcompute.Tochangeandalterdata,theprogrammerandtheoperatorneedtowriteintoandreadfrommemory.ThemainmemoryofacomputerisRAM（RandomAccessMemory）.RAMisvolatilememory,theprogrammerandthe

operatorcaneasilychangethecontentofthismemorybywritingovertheoldprogramsandreplacingthemwithnewones.［3］OnaCNCmachinecontrolcomputer,thisiswheretheprogrammerandtheoperatorstoretheCNCprogramsandreadandwriteastheylike.Whenthepowertothemachineisturnedoff,thecontentofthismemoryislost.Tosavedatainmemorywhenthemachineisturnedoff,themachineusesits

batteries.Themachineswitchestobatteriesautomatically.Whenthebatteriesweaken,alightonthecontrolpanellightsup,warningtheoperatortochangethebatteries.Thisshouldbedonewithinamonth,orthedatastoredinRAMwillbelostpermanently.［4］

BesidesRAM,thecomputerhasROM（ReadOnlyMemory）.Thismemoryallowsreadingfromit,butwritingtoitisnotnormallypossible.ThecomputermusthaveROMinordertostoresomeimportantinformation,whichissystem,notuser,related.SincetheusercannotwriteintoROM,heorshecannotchangeitscontent.ThecontentofROMdoesnotchangewhenthepoweristurnedoff.VariousCNCsoftware（suchascannedcycles）isstoredinthismemoryforpermanentuse.

课题三

一、章节：

LESSON3TheEvolutionofCNC

二、教学目的：

为了让学生了解计算机数字控制的发展趋势

三、教学方法：

讲授

四、教学重点：

计算机数字控制

五、教学难点：

计算机数字控制

六、使用教具：

七、课后作业：

八、课后小结：

●Newwords

1.allocate［°æｌəｕｋｅｉｔ］v.分配，配给

2.consistof由……组成

3.conjunction［ｋəｎ°ｄʒʌ􀱻ｋʃəｎ］n.连词，结合，同时发生4.interchangeably［ｉｎｔə°ｔʃｅｉｎｄʒəｂ（ə）ｌ］adv.可交换地，可互换地

5.stabilize［°ｓｔｅｉｂｉｌａｉｚ］v.稳定，沉稳

6.evolve［ｉ°ｖɔｌｖ］v.（使）逐渐形成，进化

7.belt［ｂｅｌｔ］n.传送带

8.pulley［°ｐｕｌｉ］n.滑轮组

9.cam［ｋæｍ］n.凸轮

10.attemptto尝试，努力，试图

11.industrialist［Ｉｎ°ｄʌｓｔｒＩəｌＩｓｔ］n.工业家，实业家

12.retrofit［°ｒｅｔｒə̩ｆｉｔ］n.式样翻新,花样翻新

13.machinist［ｍə°ʃｉːｎｉｓｔ］n.操作机器的工人，机械师

14.ballistic［ｂə°ｌｉｓｔｉｋ］n.弹道学

15.trajectory［°ｔｒæｄʒｉｋｔəｒｉ］n.轨道，轨迹

16.vacuum［°ｖæｋｊｕəｍ］n.真空,空间

17.subcontract［ｓʌｂ°ｋɔｎｔｒæｋｔ］v.订立分契，转契

18.theUniversityofPennsylvania宾夕法尼亚州大学

19.theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology马萨诸塞州技术学院，麻省理工学院

Translations

Introduction

Computernumericalcontrol（CNC）istheprocessofmanufacturingmachinedparts.Productioniscontrolledandallocatedbyacomputerizedcontroller.Thecontrollerusesmotorstodriveeachaxisofamachinetoolandactuallyregulatesthedirection,speed,andlengthoftimeeachmotorrotates.Aprogrammedpathisloadedintothemachine’scomputerbytheoperatorandthenexecuted.Theprogramconsistsofnumericpointdatainconjunctionwithspecializedmachinecontrolcommandsandfunctioncodes［1］.Numericalcontrol（NC）istheoriginaltermgiventothistechnologyandisstilloftenusedinterchangeablywithCNC.

TheevolutionofNC

TheprincipalofNCmanufacturinghasbeenevolvingsincetheIndustrialRevolution,althoughtheactualproceduresinvolvedhavedevelopedwithtechnology.Earlyattemptstoautomateproductionmadeuseofbelts,pulleys,andcams.

However,manuallaborwasbyfarmorecosteffectivethanwerethedevelopmentandoperationofbig,newmachines.

NotuntilWorldWarIIdidindustrialistsrealizethattheycouldn’tmeetbothquantityandqualityrequirementsatthesametime.Machinistsofthedaycouldproducesuperiorqualitypartsbutnotathighvolumes.Asthequantityofacertainproductincreased,thequalitydecreasedduetothehumanfactorsinvolved.

DuringWorldWarIItheUnitedStatesArmyBallisticResearchLabandtheUniversityofPennsylvaniacollaboratedondevelopmentofENIAC,theworld’sfirstdigitalcomputer.Thiswasanextremelylargevacuumtubecomputer,whichwasused

tocalculateballistictrajectorytablesforartillery.Programminginvolvedsettinghundredsofswitchesandcablesmanuallypriortohavingthemachinesequencethroughthesettings（Fig.3-1）［3］.Intheearly1950stheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologydevelopedamoreadvancedvacuumtubecomputercalledtheWhirlwind.ThisimprovedcomputationaldevicewascapableofexecutingthousandsoftimesmoreinstructionspersecondthanENIAC.

ToensurethatallU.S.militaryairplanesweremanufacturedidentically,theUnitedStatesAirForceinvitedseveralcompaniestodevelopandmanufacturenumericalcontrolsystemsthatcouldhandlethevolumeandrepeatability.

ThespecificgoalsofdevelopingNCwereto：

1.Increaseproduction;

2.Improvethequa