高一英语阅读理解试题自然类.docx

高一英语阅读理解试题自然类.docx

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高一英语阅读理解试题自然类

高一英语阅读理解试题（自然类）

（1）

Putanicecubefromyourfridgeintoaglassofwater.Youhaveapieceofstring（线）10centimeterslong.Theproblemistotakeoutthatpieceoficewiththehelpofthestring.Butyoumustnottouchtheicewithyourfingers.

Youmayaskyourfriendstotrytodothatwhenyouarehavingdinnertogether.Thereisasaltcellaronthetable.Youmustusesaltwhenyoucarryoutthisexperiment.

Firstyouputthestringacrossthepieceofice.Thenputsomesaltontheice.Saltmakesicemelt（融化）.Theiceroundthestringwillbegintomelt.Butwhenitmelts,itwillloseheat.Thecoldicecubewillmakethesaltwaterfreezeagain.

Afteraminuteortwoyoumayraisethepieceofstringandwithityouwillraiseyourpieceofice!

Thisexperimentcanbeveryusefultoyou.If,forexample,thereisicenearthedoorofyourhouse,youmustuseverymuchsalttomeltalltheice.Ifyoudon’tputenoughsalt,thewaterwillfreezeagain.

1.Wemustuse_______whenwecarryoutthisexperiment.

A.fridgeB.somefoodC.atableD.somesalt

2.Howlongwillittaketocarryoutthisexperiment?

A.Morethanthreeminutes.B.Fiveminutesorso.

C.Onlyoneminuteortwo.D.Abouttenminutes.

3.Whatisthetaskofthisexperiment?

A.Puttheicecubeintotheglassofwaterwiththehelpofthestring.

B.Takeouttheicecubeintheglassofwaterwiththehelpofthestring.

C.Takeouttheicecubeintheglassofwaterwithyourfingers.

D.Putsomesaltontheicecubeandthenputthestringacrossit.

4.Howmanythingsatleastareusedinthisexperiment?

A.Three.B.Four.C.Six.D.Seven.

5.Wecanlearnsomethingabout_______fromthepassage.

A.PhysicsB.biologyC.chemistryD.maths

【答案与解析】本文讲述了把立方形的冰块放入水杯中，如何用细绳取出冰块的实验。

1.D。

我们进行实验时必须用什么？

文章第2段最后一句说当进行实验时你必须用salt（盐）。

由此可知答案是D。

2.C。

文章第4段的Afteraminuteortwo...（一两分钟后你可以提起细绳…），由此可知进行这个实验仅需一两分钟时间。

3.B。

这个实验的任务是什么呢？

由文章第1段第3句Theproblemistotakeoutthatpieceoficewiththehelpofthestring（问题是如何用细绳将冰块拿出），由此可知答案为B。

4.B。

实验中至少用了几样东西？

从全文可知道至少用了string,salt,aglassofwater,icecube这4种东西。

5.C。

通过这段文字我们了解了一些什么知识？

实验用salt把ice融化，这应属于化学变化。

（2）

Bambooisoneofthenature’smostsurprisingplants.Manypeoplecallthisplantatree,butitisakindofgrass.

Likeotherkindsofgrass,abambooplantmaybecutverylowtotheground,butitwillgrowbackveryquickly.AJapanesescientistrecordedonebambooplantthatgrewalmost1.5metersin24hours!

BamboogrowsalmosteverywhereintheworldexceptEurope.Therearemorethan1,000kindsofbamboothatgrowaroundtheworldonbothmountainsandplains（平原）.

Notallbamboolooksthesame.Somebambooplantsareverythin.Theymayonlygrowtobeafewcentimeterswidewhileothersmaygrowtomorethan30centimetersacross.Thisplantalsocomesindifferentcolors,fromyellowtoblacktogreen.

ManyAsiancountrieshavebeenusingbambooforhundredsofyears.Theyoftenusebambooforbuildingnewbuildings.Asamatteroffact,thecables（绳索）thatholdupthehangingbridgeacrosstheMinRiverinSichuanaremadeofbamboo.Thebridgehasbeeninuseformorethan1,000years,andisstillholdingstrong.

InAfrica,engineersareteachingpoorfarmershowtofindwaterusingbamboo.TheseAfricancountriesneedcheapwaystofindwaterbecausetheyhavenomoney,andtheirfieldsoftendiefromnorainandnowater.Itseemsthatbambooisoneofthebestthingstheycanuse.Bamboopipesanddrills（钻）canhelptomakethepoorthirstyfieldstobewatered.

1.Howisbamboolikegrass?

A.Itisthinandeasytocut.B.Itgrowseverywhere.

C.Itgrowsquicklyafteritscutshort.D.Itisshortandgreen.

2.Thesentence“whileothersmaygrowtomorethan30centimetersacross.”means“Someotherbambooplantsmaygrowtobevery_______.”

A.shortB.strongC.thickD.tall

3.Fromthetextweknow______.

A.mostpeoplecallbambooplanttrees

B.abambooplantmaygrow4.5metersinthreedays

C.thebambooplantchangesitscolorswhenitgrows

D.abridgeheldbybamboocablewasbuiltthousandsofyearsago

4.WhydidtheengineersteachthepoorfarmersinAfricatomakeuseofbamboo?

A.Becauseitischeap.B.Becauseitiscolorful.

C.Becauseitdrillsfast.D.BecauseitisusedbyAsians.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Therearemanydifferentkindsofbamboowithdifferentcolors.

B.Cablesmadeofbamboocanlastforoverathousandyears.

C.Bamboocanbeusedforbuildings,bridgesandwateringprojects（工程）.

D.Bambooplantsareabletogrowwellinanypartoftheworld.

【答案与解析】这是一篇关于竹子的说明文。

讲述了竹子的生长处、种类、颜色、用途等。

1.C。

由第2段的第1句我们可以推测出竹子与其他草类相似的地方是growbackveryquickly。

2.C。

阅读第3段的第2句Theymayonlygrowtobeafewcentimeterswidewhileothersmaygrowtomorethan30centimetersacross可推知：

while（表对比，意为“而”）前面讲有些竹子（bamboo）很细，只有（only）几厘米粗，而与相比，while后面则讲有些竹子长得很壮，可以有30厘米粗。

因此答案选C。

3.B。

由第2个题目我们可知竹子一天能长1.5米，那么三天就能长4.5米。

4.A。

根据第5段第2句Because they have no money可知要选用bamboo。

5.D。

第2段的倒数第2句中说except Europe，由此可知答案为D。

（3）

Cantreestalk?

Yes—butnotinwords.Scientistshavereasonstobelievethattreesdocommunicatewitheachother.Notlongago,researcherslearnedsomesurprisingthings.Firstawillowtree（柳树）attackedinthewoodsbycaterpillars（毛毛虫）changedthechemistryofitsleavesandmadethemtastesoterriblethatthecaterpillarsgottiredoftheleavesandstoppedeatingthem.Theevenmoreastonishing,thetreesentoutaspecialvapour—asignalcausingitsneighbourstochangethechemistryoftheirownleavesandmakethemlesstasty.

Communication,ofcourse,doesn’tneedtobealwaysinwords.Wecantalktoeachotherbysmiling,raisingourshouldersandmovingourhands.Weknowthatbirdsandanimalsuseawholevocabularyofsongs,sounds,andmovements.Beesdancetheirsignals,flyingincertainpatternsthattellotherbeeswheretofindnectar（花蜜）forhoney.Sowhyshouldn’ttreeshavewaysofsendingmessages?

1.Fromthepassageweknowthatcaterpillars_______.

A.likewillowtreesB.enjoyeatingfallenleaves

C.cantalktoothercaterpillarsD.cansendoutaspecialvapour

2.Caterpillarswillstopeatingwillowtreeleaveswhich_______.

A.haveachemicalchangeandbecometastelessB.haveapleasanttaste

C.arebeingattackedD.arecommunicating

3.Accordingtothepassage,beescommunicatewitheachotherby_______.

A.talkingB.makingunusualsounds

C.singingsongsD.flyingcertainpatterns

【答案与解析】树同动物们一样也可以用自己的方式交流。

1.A。

判断题。

正因为毛毛虫觉得柳树叶可口，它们才吃柳树叶的。

2.A。

语义理解题。

从第1段第4句话Firstawillowtree（柳树）attackedinthewoodsbycaterpillars（毛毛虫）changedthechemistryofitsleavesandmadethemtastesoterriblethatthecaterpillarsgottiredoftheleavesandstoppedeatingthem可以做出正确选择。

3.D。

语义理解题。

从第2段倒数第2句话…flyingincertainpatternsthattellotherbeeswheretofindnectar（花蜜）forhoney可以知道bees交流的方式。

（4）

DoyouknowAustralia?

Australiaisthelargestislandintheworld.ItisalittlesmallerthanChina.Itisinthesouthoftheearth.Australiaisbig,butitspopulationisnotlarge.ThepopulationofAustraliaisnearlyaslargeasthatofShanghai.

Thegovernmenthasmadeenoughlawstofightpollution.ThecitiesinAustraliahavegotlittleairorwaterpollution.Theskyisblueandthewaterisclean.Youcanclearlyseefishswimmingintherivers.Plantsgrowverywell.

LastmonthwevisitedPerth,thebiggestcityinWesternAustralia,andwenttoawildflowers’exhibition.Therewesawalargenumberofwildflowerswehadneverseenbefore.Wehadawonderfultime.Perthisfamousforitsbeautifulwildflowers.InspringeveryyearPerthhasthewildflowers’exhibition.AftervisitingPerth,wespentthedayinthecountryside.Wesatdownandhadarestnearapathatthefootofahill.Itwasquietandweenjoyedourselves.Suddenlyweheardbellsringingatthetopofthehill.Whatwesawmadeuspickupallourthingsandrunbacktothecarasquicklyaswecould.Therewereaboutthreehundredsheepcomingtowardsusdownthepath.

Australiaisfamousforitssheepandkangaroos（袋鼠）.Afterashortdrivefromanytown,youwillfindyourselfinthemiddleofwhitesheep.Sheep,sheep,everywherearesheep.

1.Australiais_______.

A.thelargestcountryintheworld

B.aslargeasShanghai

C.notaslargeasChina

D.thelargestislandinthenorthoftheearth

2.Thegovernmenthadmade_______.

A.tooenoughlawstofightpollution

B.somanylawsthatitcanfightpollution

C.enoughlawsthatitcanhardlyfightpollution

D.enoughlawsbecausethepollutionisveryserious

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue？

A.Perthisfamousforitsbeautifulwildflowers.

B.PerthisbiggerthananyothercityinWesternAustralia.

C.PerthliesinthewestofAustralia.

D.NoothercityislargerthanPerthinAustralia.

4.InPerthyoumayvisitawildflowers’showin_______.

A.OctoberB.JanuaryC.MayD.July

5.Whichofthefollowingistrue？

A.Australiaisfamousforitssheep,kangaroosandwildflowers.

B.Weranbacktothecarbecausewewereinthemiddleofwhitesheep.

C.Threehundredsheepcametowardsusbecausetheysawus.

D.IfyougotothecountrysideinAustralia,youwillseealargenumberofwhitesheep.

【答案与解析】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚的一些大概情况。

1.C。

细节题。

根据第1段的第2句Australiaisthelargestislandintheworld.ItisalittlesmallerthanChina可知答案为C。

2.B。

细节题。

根据第2段的Thegovernmenthasmadeenoughlawstofightpollution可知答案为B。

3.D。

由第3段的第1句“thebiggestcityin…”我们可以推测出是澳大利亚西部最大的城市，而选项D则说它是澳大利亚最大的城市，所以D错误。

4.D。

根据第3段中的LastmonthwevisitedPerth,thebiggestcityinWesternAustralia…答案为D。

5.D。

从最后一段的Afterashortdrivefromanytown,youwillfindyourselfinthe