英语演讲 Unit 9 Speaking to Persuade.pptx

英语演讲 Unit 9 Speaking to Persuade.pptx

《英语演讲 Unit 9 Speaking to Persuade.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语演讲 Unit 9 Speaking to Persuade.pptx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

PublicSpeakingUnit9SpeakingtoPersuade1.Theultimategoalofapersuasivespeechistocreate,reinforce,orchangeyouraudiencemembersbeliefsoractions.Knowinghowtoconstructaneffectivepersuasivespeechwillbenefitanyonewhoistryingtogetpeopletoagreewithyou,getpeopletotakeaparticularaction,oraccomplishchangeofanysort.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuadeUnit9SpeakingtoPersuade2.Beforeyouselectatopic,youmustrealizethatyourwillbetryingto“persuade”ratherthan“inform”.Herearethedistinctions:

*WhenyougiveapersuasivespeechWhenyougiveaninformativespeech,youarealeader.,youareateacher.*Apersuasivespeechaskstheaudiencetochooseanoption.Aninformativespeechsimplyshowsandclarifiesoptions.*Apersuasivespeechaskstheaudienceforapledgetodosomething.Aninformativespeechmaysimilarlyaskforfromtheaudience;however,itissignificantlycommitmentsmaller.*Anyregularpublicspeakerorpublicrelationsprofessionalwilltellyouthatapersuasivespeechinvolvesparticularethicalobligations.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade3.Next,youneedtoselectatopic.Mostpersuasivespeechtextbookswilldividetopicsintothreedifferentcategories.*Thefirstinvolvesquestionsof“policy”.*Thesecondcategoryiswhenthepersuasivespeechfocusesonquestionsof“value”.*Thefinalcategoryispersuasivespeechesthatfocusonquestionsof“fact”.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade4.Onceyoudecideonyourspeechtopicandcategory,youmustthendevelopyourspecificpurpose.Dependingonyourcoursestructureandtheoreticalperspective,yourspecificpurposewilleitherbe“speaker-centered”or“audienceIfitisspeaker-centered,-centered”.thenyourspecificpurposewillusuallybeginas,“Topersuademyaudienceabout.”incontrasttoanaudience-centeredspeechwhichtypicallybegins,“Attheendofmyspeech,Iwantmyaudienceto.”Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade5.Onceyoudecidedonyourtopic,yournextjobistodecideonwhichpersuasivespeechorganizationyouwilluse.Thetwomostpopularorganizationalpatternsamongcollegeprofessorsare:

“TheProblem-Cause-Solution”andthe“MonroesMotivatedSequence”patterns.TheMonroeMotivatedSequencehasfiveparts:

Attention,Need,Satisfaction,Visualization,andAction.WiththeMonroeMotivatedSequencepattern,the“Attention”willbeyourintroduction.Yourthreemainpointswillbe:

（1）Need,

（2）Satisfaction,（3）Visualization.Yourconclusionwillbeyourcallof“Action”.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade6.Afteryouhavedecidedonyourorganizationalpattern,youshouldalwaysutilizeexternalsourcesinordertoback-upyourcentralideaandmainpoints.Therearethreetypesofsupportingmaterial:

examples,statistics,andtestimony.Also,makesureyourmaterialisaccurate,recent,andfreeofbias.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade7.Remembertoincludeallofthefollowingpartsinyouroutline:

Attention-getter,establishmentofethos,previewofwhatyouwilltalkabout,mainpointsandtheirsubpoints,summaryinconclusion,memorableendingaswellasthetransitionsyouwillusetomovefromtopictotopic.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuadeRememberthateachsupportingparagraphneedstocontain:

（1）atopicsentence;

（2）supportingsentenceswithexamples,analogies,statistics,testimonies,etc.;（3）transitionalsentencesattheendoftheparagraph;and（4）acoherentandlogicalstructurethatallowsyouraudiencetoeffortlesslyfollowyourentirespeechandseehowyourmainpoints（supportingparagraphs）supportyourthesis/centralidea.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuadeTips&WarningsRememberthatwithapersuasivespeech,youaretryingtotalkyouraudienceintotakinganactionoradoptabelief.Writeyouroutlineinparagraphform.Rememberthatyoushouldbeabletorelateeachparagraphtoyourthesis/centralidea.Lookforsupportingmaterialthatwillbackupyourgeneralstatements.Usespecificexamplestosupportyourideas.Toeffectivelyusestatistics:

（1）identifythesourceofyourstatistics;

（2）roundoffyourstatistics;（3）combinestatisticswithmoretangibleexamples;and（4）usevisualaids.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuadeToeffectivelyusesomeonestestimony:

（1）onlyusequalifiedsources;

（2）accuratelyquoteordojusticewhenyouparaphrase;and（3）alwaysidentifyboththesourceandthesourcesqualifications.Makesureyouincludesourcesinyourspeech.Makesureyourspeechisnottooabstract.Avoidexpertlanguage.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade