新课标学年新教材高中英语单元综合检测1新人教版必修第三册.docx

新课标学年新教材高中英语单元综合检测1新人教版必修第三册.docx

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新课标学年新教材高中英语单元综合检测1新人教版必修第三册

单元综合检测

（一）

（时间：

100分钟；满分：

120分）

第一部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

A

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears，butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhuntergatherers，small，tightlyknit（联系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10，000yearsago，whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople，theyspokeperhaps12，000languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards，manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers，andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies，trade，industrialisation，thedevelopmentofthenationstateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation，especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades，allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear，anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish，SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

Atpresent，theworldhasabout6，800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages，oftenspokenbymanypeople，whichhot，wetzoneshavelots，oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages；theAmericasabout1，000；Africa2，400；andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3，200，ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber（中位数）ofspeakersisamere6，000，whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6，800languagesandclosetoextinction（消亡），withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick，atrandom，BusuuinCameroon（eightremainingspeakers），ChiapanecoinMexico（150），LipanApacheintheUnitedStates（twoorthree）orWadjiguinAustralia（one，withaquestionmark）：

noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了全球语言多样性的发展变化以及现在所面临的危机。

1．Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhuntergatherertimes?

A．Theydevelopedveryfast.

B．Theywerelargeinnumber.

C．Theyhadsimilarpatterns.

D．Theywerecloselyconnected.

B　[推理判断题。

根据第一段的最后一句“Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10，000yearsago，whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople，theyspokeperhaps12，000languagesbetweenthem”可知，在狩猎时代，人口少，语言却很丰富，故选B。

]

2．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinParagraph2?

A．Complex.　　　B．Advanced.

C．Powerful.D．Modern.

C　[词义猜测题。

根据第二段最后一句“Inrecentcenturies...allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear，anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish，SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover”可知，近几个世纪以来，随着社会的发展，很多语言已经消失，英语、西班牙语、汉语逐渐占主导地位。

complex“复杂的”；advanced“高级的，先进的”；powerful“有影响力的”；modern“现代的”。

故选C。

]

3．Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6，000peopleatpresent?

A．About6，800.B．About3，400.

C．About2，400.D．About1，200.

B　[数字计算题。

根据第三段最后一句“Themediannumber（中位数）ofspeakersisamere6，000，whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat”可知，目前全球不同语言使用人数的中位数仅是6000，这就意味着世界上有一半的语言的使用人数不到6000；结合第三段第一句“Atpresent，theworldhasabout6，800languages”可知，选B。

]

4．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A．Newlanguageswillbecreated.

B．People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.

C．Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.

D．Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

C　[主旨大意题。

根据第一段第一句中的“butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing”和第二段可知，随着人类社会的发展，尤其是工业化、全球化以来，很多语言已经消失，即人类的发展使得语言的种类越来越少。

故选C。

]

B

SweetestDayiscelebratedonthethirdSaturdayinOctoberasadaytomakesomeonehappy.Itisanoccasionwhichoffersallofusanopportunitytoremembernotonlythesick,theaged,andchildrenwhohavelosttheirparents,butalsofriends,workmates,relativesandneighbourswhosehelpfulnessandkindnesswehaveenjoyed.

Over60yearsago,whenaClevelandmannoticedthatsomepeople,suchaschildrenwholosttheirparentsandpatientswholayinbed,toooftenfeltforgottenandneglected,_hedevelopedinhismindtheideaofshowingthemthattheywereremembered.Hedidthisbygivingthemsmallgifts.Withthehelpofhisfriendsandneighbours,hegavethosepeoplesmallgiftsonaSaturdayinOctober.Duringtheyearsthatfollowed,otherClevelandersbegantotakepartinthecelebration,whichcametobecalled“SweetestDay”．Overtime,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertothepoor,thesickandchildrenwhohadlosttheirparentswasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallgift.SoontheideaspreadtoothercitiesallovertheUSA.

SweetestDayisnotbasedonanysinglegroup'sreligiousbeliefsoronafamilyrelationship.Itisareminderthatathoughtfulwordordeedenricheslifeandgivesitmeaning.Becauseformanypeoplerememberingtakestheformofgiftgiving,SweetestDayoffersustheopportunitytoshowothersthatwecare,inapositiveway.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。

文章讲述了美国甜蜜日的由来及意义。

在这一天，一份小小的礼物就能帮助我们传达对病人、老年人和失去父母的孩子的关爱以及对朋友、亲人等无私关爱的感激。

5．WhichofthefollowinghaslittlerelationshiptoSweetestDay?

A．Visitingsickpeopleofthehospital.

B．Visitingchildrenwhohavelosttheirparents.

C．Givingfriendssmallgifts.

D．Givingflowerstosweethearts.

D　[细节理解题。

由第一段第二句“Itisanoccasionwhichoffersallofusanopportunitytoremembernotonlythesick，theaged，andchildrenwhohavelosttheirparents，butalsofriends，workmates，relativesandneighbourswhosehelpfulnessandkindnesswehaveenjoyed.”可知，此节日没提到送情人鲜花，故选D项。

]

6．Whatdomostpeopleusuallydotoshowtheircaretoothersaccordingtothepassage?

A．Theygivemoney.B．Theygivegifts.

C．Theysendregards.D．Theyofferhelp.

B　[细节理解题。

由文章第二段中的信息“...andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallgift.”可知B项正确。

]

7．Theunderlinedword“neglected”inthesecondparagraphmeans“________”．

A．remembered

B．hated

C．paidlittleornoattentionto

D．disappointed

C　[词义猜测题。

由该词前面的“toooftenfeltforgotten”可知，neglected意为“被忽视的”，故C项正确。

]

C

Asateenager,IhatedPhysicalEducationlessons.Iwasnotverygoodatsports,andIhatedteamsportsbecauseIalwaysfeltlikeIwasdisappointingtherestoftheteam.Iwasalwaysmakingupexcusestogetoutofsuchlessons.

WhenIstarteduniversity,Idecidedtotrykungfu.Tomysurprise,Ilovedit!

Itwasafriendlyclub,andinmyfirstyearmostofuswerebeginners.Iusedtogotwoorthreetimesaweektotrain.Becauseitisnotateamsport,Ididn'tfeelguilty（内疚的）aboutnotbeingverygood.Andbecauseitisacombat（格斗）sport,youtraininpairs,whichmeansthatyougettomeetpeopleandtalktothem.WhenIwasdoingkungfu,Igotstrongerandquicker.Unluckily,inthelastyearofuniversityIwastoobusytodokungfumostofthetime.

WhenImovedtoItalythisyearIdecidedtostartdoingacombatsportagain.Ifoundagreatlocalclubthatdoesmixedmartialarts（综合格斗）andIloveit.Theclubismoreseriousthantheoneatmyuniversityandwedolotsofpracticefights.Itisveryfun.

WhenIwasateenager,IwouldsayIjustwasn'tasportypersonandthatIjustdidn'tlikesportandneverwould.NowIknowthateveryoneshouldtryasmanysportsaspossiblebecausethereisoftensomethingoutthereforeveryone!

【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。

作者讲述了自己从不喜欢运动到喜欢运动的经历，说明只要尝试，总会找到适合自己的运动。

8．Whentheauthorwasateenager,he________．

A．dislikedsports

B．oftentoldliesatschool

C．waspoorathislessons

D．didn'tgetalongwithhisclassmates

A　[细节理解题。

根据第一段，作者青少年时期讨厌体育课，不擅长运动，经常找理由不上体育课和最后一段的第一句可知选项A正确。

]

9．Whydidn'ttheauthorfeelguiltyaboutnotbeingverygoodatkungfu?

A．Hehadneverdonekungfubefore.

B．Hedidn'tdokungfuoftenenough.

C．Peopleinthatclubwereveryfriendly.

D．Hisperformancedidn'taffectothers.

D　[细节理解题。

第一段提到作者不喜欢团队运动，是因为感到自己做不好会让队员们失望，再根据第二段作者上大学之后喜欢功夫，因为功夫不是团队运动，不会因为自己做不好影响他人而感到内疚。

]

10．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?

A．HewenttoworkinItalyafteruniversity.

B．Hefeltregretfuloverhisboringchildhood.

C．Helikedcombatsportsmorethanteamsports.

D．Hedidn'tdokungfuinthelastyearofuniversity.C　[细节理解题。

通读全文可知，作者不喜欢团队运动是因为害怕自己做不好而使其他队员失望，而格斗运动则正好符合作者的心愿。

]

11．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．WhyIhatedsports

B．WhyIshoulddosports

C．WhatIlearnedfromsports

D．HowIbecameasportslover

D　[主旨概括题。

作者讲述了自己是如何从青少年时期不爱运动到上大学之后爱上运动的，故选项D符合题意。

]

D

LiseMeitnerwasborninVienna,AustriaonNovember7,1878.Shewasthethirdchildofeightchildreninthefamily.HerfatherPhilipp,whowasalawyer,hiredpersonalteacherstoteachthechildren,andshelearnedmathematicsverywell.Musicwasimportanttothefamily,andallthechildrenlearnedtoplaythepiano.TheMeitnerchildrenweretaughttolistentotheirparents,buttothinkforthemselves.

WhenLiseMeitnerfinishedschoolattheageof14,shecouldnotgotocollegeforhighereducation,aswereallgirlsinAustria.But,inspiredbythediscoveryofHenriBecquerel,shewasdeterminedtostudyradioactivity（放射性）．

Whensheturned21,womenwerefinallyallowedintoAustrianuniversities.MeitnerwasadmittedintotheUniversityofVienna;thereshewasexcellentatmathandphysicsandearnedherdoctor'sdegreein1906.ShewrotetoMarieCurie,buttherewasnoroomforherintheParislab,soMeitnermadeherwaytoBerlin.TheresheworkedwithOttoHahn,butasanAustrianJewishwoman,shewasexcludedfromthemainlabsandallowedtoworkonlyinthebasement.

In1912,thepairmovedtoanewuniversityandMeitnerhadbetterlabequipment.ThoughMeitnerwasforcedtoescapeNaziGermanyin1938,theycontinuedtocowork.MeitnercontinuedherworkinSwedenandlatertheyfoundthephenomenon“nuclearfission（核裂变）”.Thediscovery,whichfinallyledtotheatomicbomb,wonHahntheNobelPrizein1944.Meitner,ign