超详细答案综合学术英语教程2答案 上海交通大学出版 蔡基刚docx.docx

超详细答案综合学术英语教程2答案 上海交通大学出版 蔡基刚docx.docx

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超详细答案综合学术英语教程2答案上海交通大学出版蔡基刚docx

综合学术英语教程2答案

Unit1MultidisciplinaryEducation

KeystotheExercises

ApproachingtheTopic

1.1）Theaimofcollegeeducationistoproduceindividualswhoarewellontheirwaytobecomeexpertsintheirfieldofinterest.

2）Thegrowingimportanceofproducingprofessionalswhohavetheskillstoworkwithpeoplefromadiversesetofdisciplines.

3）First,throughaninterdisciplinaryapproach;Second,throughamultidisciplinaryapproach.

4）Collegeeducationshouldproduceindividualswhomaylaterbecomeexpertwhoareinterdisciplinaryproblemsolvers.

2.1）f2）d3）a4）e5）g6）m7）j8）k9）l10）i11）b12）h13）c

4.

（1）offered

（2）stresses（3）ability（4）different（5）approach

（6）increasingly（7）graduates（8）enter（9）positions（10）Employment

6.1）Multidisciplinarystudies.

2）Theybothbelievethatcurrentcollegeeducationshouldlayemphasisonmultidisciplinarystudies,whichisaprerequisitetoproducingfutureexpertwhoareinterdisciplinaryproblemsolvers.

3）Open.

4）Open.

5）Open.

ReadingabouttheTopic

3.1）ThestudentshavebroughttoMITtheirindividualgifts,suchastheirownintellect,energy,ideas,aspirations,distinctivelifeexperienceandpointofview,etc.

2）TheyrepresentthegeographicandsymboliccenterofMIT.

3）Namesofintellectualgiants.

4）LeonardodaVinciwasapainter,scientist,engineer,sculptor,inventor,cityplannerandarchitect.

4.Set1:

1）c2）e3）d4）h5）a6）g7）f8）b

Set2:

1）e2）a3）h4）b5）c6）f7）d8）g

5.（b）Para.A（b）Para.B（a）Para.C（c）Para.D

（f）Para.E（e）Para.F（d）Para.G（g）Para.A

6.1）Becauseforhim,thesimplicityheappreciatedinnaturebecamehisultimatestandardindesign.

2）FirstwasdaVinci'scompletedisregardfortheacceptedboundariesbetweendifferentfieldsofknowledge.ThesecondfacetofdaVinci'scharacterwashisrespectforandfascinationwithnature.ThethirdqualityofdaVinci'scharacterwasanenthusiasticdemandforhands-onmaking,designing,practicingandtesting,andforsolvingproblemsintherealworld.

3）“ThereisagoodchancethatyouwillneveragainliveandworkinacommunitywithasmanydifferentculturesandbackgroundsasMIT.”（Para.F）

4）Becausebydoingso,thestudentscanengagethemselvesinnewintellectualadventuressoastousetheirtimeatMITtoitsfullestpotential.

5）Itmeansthat“Theytooktheinitiativetosearchforthedeepestanswers,insteadofsittingbackandlettingthingshappentothem.”

7.Set1:

1）h2）d3）a4）g5）f6）e7）b8）c

Set2:

1）c2）g3）d4）a5）h6）f7）e8）b

8.1）ShewantedtodescribeforthenewstudentsthreeofhischaracteristicsthatparticularlyfitwiththevalueofMIT.

2）Becausebydoingso,thestudentscanencounterthemoststimulatingmindsandinspiringrolemodels,experiencealifeinacommunitywithdiversifiedculturesandbackgroundsandparticipateinvariousnewintellectualadventures,sothattheycangetthemostoutoftheirMITeducation.

3）ThethreeofDaVinci'scharacteristicswillbetheheritageofMITtobeinheritedbythestudents.ShehopedthatthenewstudentswouldfollowDaVinciaswellasagreatmanyextraordinaryMITteachersastheirrolemodelstousetheirtimetoitsfullestpotential.

4）Multidisciplinarythinkingisamodeofthinkingthatgoesbeyonddisciplinaryboundariesinordertogainnewideasandfreshperspectives.

9.1）Humaningenuitywillneverdeviseanyinventionsmorebeautiful,normoresimple,normoretothepurposethanNaturedoes.（Para.A）

2）ForDaVinci,thesimplicityheappreciatedinNaturebecamehisultimatestandardindesign.（Para.B）

3）BeasdeterminedinyourcuriosityasLeonardodaVinci—andyouwilluseyourtimeatMITtoitsfullestpotential.（Para.F）

4）MITisaplaceofpracticaloptimismandofpassionateengagementwiththemostimportantproblemsoftheworld.（Para.G）

5）Ihadlongsinceobservedthatpeopleofaccomplishmentrarelysatbackandletthingshappentothem.（Para.H）

10.ManyscientistsandengineersatMITpursuesimplicityintheirdesignanddevelopmentoftechnologies.

ExploringtheTopic

4.1）Itisbelievedthatamultidisciplinaryapproachtoscientificeducationisofvitalimportance.

2）Second,amultidisciplinaryemphasisisbelievedtobeaprerequisitetotrainingindividuals.

3）Itcannotbedeniedthatthesefirmsareparticipatinginturningoutthefuturethinkers.

4）Howaboutexaminingourproblemsaboutscienceandtechnologyfromaliberalartsperspective.

5）Surprisingly,however,ouruniversitiesandcollegesfailtoswitchfromtheconventionaldivisionsanddepartmentalsectionstodailyextracurricularmultidisciplinarywork.

5.Reading1beginswithacontrast—“Collegeeducationhasalwayshadtheresponsibilityto...However,...wealsoseethegrowingimportanceofproducing...”.TheintroductionofReading2isinformativeaswellasinteresting,whicharousesthereaders'interesttogoonreading.

IntegratedExercises

2.

（1）ultimate

（2）spirit（3）feed（4）approach（5）property（6）represent

（7）discipline（8）aspiration（9）inspire（10）perspective（11）inherit（12）generate

3.

Themembersofawordfamily

Chineseequivalent

inspireinspirationinspiredinspiring

v.激励n.灵感adj.有灵感的

generategenerationgenerativegenerator

adj.鼓舞人心的v.产生n.一代adj.有生产力的n.发电机

aspirationaspireaspiring

n.渴望v.渴望adj.有抱负的

inheritinheritanceinheritorinherited

v.继承n.继承物n.继承人adj.遗传的

disciplinedisciplineddisciplinary

n.纪律adj.纪律严明的adj.有关纪律的

representrepresentationrepresentative

v.代表n.表现n.代表者

anatomistanatomyanatomical

n.解剖学家n.解剖学adj.解剖的

speculatespeculationspeculativespeculator

v.推测n.推测adj.推测的n.思索者

celebratecelebrationcelebratedcelebrity

v.庆祝n.庆祝活动adj.著名的n.名人

intellectintellectualintelligenceintelligent

n.智力adj.智力的n.智慧adj.有才智的

collaboratecollaborationcollaborativecollabotator

v.合作n.合作adj.合作的n.合作者

Integrateintegratedintegration

v.合并adj.完整统一的n.整合

（1）inspiring

（2）generation（3）collaborative（4）aspiring（5）Intelligent

（6）inherit（7）celebrity（8）speculated（9）representative（10）anatomical

4.

（1）D

（2）A（3）C（4）B（5）D（6）A（7）B（8）C（9）A（10）C

5.

（1）Manycelebratedresearchersaroundtheworldarecollaboratingtodevelopanewvaccine.

（2）Thescientists'experimentgeneratedanunexpectedoutcome.

（3）Ifthesystemsarerestructured,theireffectivenesswillbeultimatelyintegratedintotheglobaleconomy.

（4）Thedoctorsspeculatethathediedofastrokecausedbyablowonthehead.

（5）Themurdertrialattractedconsiderablepublicattention.

（6）Theaspirationforcollegeeducationinspirespeopleinremoteareastoworkhard.

（7）Heinheritedhisparents'fortuneaftertheirdeath.

（8）Hedisregardedhisfather'sadviceandleftcollege.

（9）Inthisaddress,heaskedtheyoungsters,whoembodythespiritsofthenation,tojointhecampaign.

（10）Thespecialdietincorporatesmanydifferentfruitsandvegetables.

7.

（1）Whoeverruntheredlightshowsacompletedisregardforpublicsafety.

（2）Success,asheexplained,wasnothingmorethanaconsistentpursuitofartandgoodluck.

（3）Thenewproducthasbenefitedfromresearchworkatthecrossroadsbetweenbiologicalandmedicalstudies.

（4）Itwasamazingthathisideaechoedwellthegreatphilosopher'sbelief,whichheclaimednottohaveheardaboutbefore.

（5）Theone-monthintensetrainingprogrampreparedtheteammemberswellforpossibleemergencies.

（6）Theaudiencewasdeeplyimpressedwiththevigorandpowerofthespeechdeliveredbythe

environmentalist.

（7）Thistravelingexperiencewillprovideyouwitharareopportunitytosampleadifferentwayoflife.

（8）Usingthelimitedtimetoitsfullestpotentialisoneofthemust-have/requiredskillsinadaptingtothefast-pacedmodernlife.

（9）Moreandmorecountriesarebringingrobotstobearontheirvariousproblems.

（10）Thesestudentsareencouragedfromaveryearlyagetofollowtheirownboundlessinterestswellbeyondtheboundariesofconventionalbeliefinobedientlearning.

8.

A.

（1）B

（2）C（3）B（4）B（5）D

B.Asmultidisciplinarydesignhasbecomeatrendintheindustry,thereisaneedformoreemphasisonmultidisciplinaryperspectives.Educationalinstitutionsshouldtaketheirroleintrainingindividualswhocanfunctioninacollaborativeenvironmentandbepreparedtofacemultifacetedprojectsthattheymaynothavebeenexposedto.However,ouruniversitiesandcollegesfailtoshiftfromtraditionaldivisionsanddepartmentalsectionstomultidisciplinaryworkbeingpracticedonadailybasisoutsidetheclassroom.

C.1）F2）T3）F4）T5）T

D.

（1）whatlearningisabout

（2）beinquisitive（3）learnanewsubject

（4）analyzeanewproblem（5）teacher-taught（6）master-inspired

（7）self-learner（8）thetrapofdogma（9）nosinglesimpleanswer

（10）blackandwhite（11）criticalthinking（12）tolerantandsupportive

（13）anewthesistopic（14）flexibility（15）styleofleadership

Unit2TheScientificMethod

KeystotheExercises

ApproachingtheTopic

1.1）TheScientificMethodisabodyoftechniquesforinvestigatingphenomenaandacquiringknowledge,aswellascorrecting/integratingpreviousknowledge.Itinvolvesgatheringobservable,empiricalandmeasurableevidence,thecollectionofdatathroughobservationandexperimentation,andtheformulationandtestingofhypotheses.

2）Scientistsputforwardhypothesestoexplainwhatisobserved.Theythenconductexperimentstotestthesehypotheses.Thestepstakenintheexperimentmustbecapableofreplicationandtheresultsemergeasthesame.Whatisdiscoveredmayleadtoanewhypothesis.

3）Scientistsarehumanandcanbeunintentionallybiased;totalobjectivityisimpossible.

4）