致一位青年诗人的信Letters to a Young Poet4英语美文.docx

致一位青年诗人的信Letters to a Young Poet4英语美文.docx

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致一位青年诗人的信LetterstoaYoungPoet4英语美文

致一位青年诗人的信LetterstoaYoungPoet（4）

英语美文

Worpswede,nearBremen

July16,1903

AbouttendaysagoIleftParis,tiredandquitesick,andtraveledtothisgreatnorthernplain,whosevastnessandsilenceandskyoughttomakemewellagain.ButIarrivedduringalongperiodofrain;thisisthefirstdayithasbeguntoletupovertherestlesslyblowinglandscape,andIamtakingadvantageofthismomentofbrightnesstogreetyou,dearSir.

MydearMr.Kappus:

Ihaveleftaletterfromyouunansweredforalongtime;notbecauseIhadforgottenit-onthecontrary:

itisthekindthatonereadsagainwhenonefindsitamongotherletters,andIrecognizeyouinitasifyouwereverynear.ItisyourletterofMaysecond,andIamsureyourememberit.AsIreaditnow,inthegreatsilenceofthesedistances,Iamtouchedbyyourbeautifulanxietyaboutlife,evenmorethanwhenIwasinParis,whereeverythingechoesandfadesawaydifferentlybecauseoftheexcessivenoisethatmakesThingstremble.Here,whereIamsurroundedbyanenormouslandscape,whichthewindsmoveacrossastheycomefromtheseas,hereIfeelthatthereisnooneanywherewhocananswerforyouthosequestionsandfeelingswhich,intheirdepths,havealifeoftheirown;foreventhemostarticulatepeopleareunabletohelp,sincewhatwordspointtoissoverydelicate,isalmostunsayable.Butevenso,IthinkthatyouwillnothavetoremainwithoutasolutionifyoutrustinThingsthatareliketheonesmyeyesarenowrestingupon.IfyoutrustinNature,inwhatissimpleinNature,inthesmallThingsthathardlyanyoneseesandthatcansosuddenlybecomehuge,immeasurable;ifyouhavethisloveforwhatishumbleandtryverysimply,assomeonewhoserves,towintheconfidenceofwhatseemspoor:

theneverythingwillbecomeeasierforyou,morecoherentandsomehowmorereconciling,notinyourconsciousmindperhaps,whichstaysbehind,astonished,butinyourinnermostawareness,awakeness,andknowledge.Youaresoyoung,somuchbeforeallbeginning,andIwouldliketobegyou,dearSir,aswellasIcan,tohavepatiencewitheverythingunresolvedinyourheartandtotrytolovethequestionsthemselvesasiftheywerelockedroomsorbookswritteninaveryforeignlanguage.Don'tsearchfortheanswers,whichcouldnotbegiventoyounow,becauseyouwouldnotbeabletolivethem.Andthepointis,toliveeverything.Livethequestionsnow.Perhapsthen,somedayfarinthefuture,youwillgradually,withoutevennoticingit,liveyourwayintotheanswer.Perhapsyoudocarrywithinyouthepossibilityofcreatingandforming,asanespeciallyblessedandpurewayofliving;trainyourselfforthatbuttakewhatevercomes,withgreattrust,andaslongasitcomesoutofyourwill,outofsomeneedofyourinnermostself,thentakeituponyourself,anddon'thateanything.Sexisdifficult;yes.Butthosetasksthathavebeenentrustedtousaredifficult;almosteverythingseriousisdifficult;andeverythingisserious.Ifyoujustrecognizethisandmanage,outofyourself,outofyourowntalentandnature,outofyourownexperienceandchildhoodandstrength,toachieveawhollyindividualrelationtosex（onethatisnotinfluencedbyconventionandcustom）,thenyouwillnolongerhavetobeafraidoflosingyourselfandbecomingunworthyofyourdearestpossession.

Bodilydelightisasensoryexperience,notanydifferentfrompurelookingorthepurefeelingwith,whichabeautifulfruitfillsthetongue;itisagreat,aninfinitelearningthatisgiventous,aknowledgeoftheworld,thefullnessandthesplendorofallknowledge.Anditisnotouracceptanceofitthatisbad;whatisbadisthatmostpeoplemisusethislearningandsquanderitandapplyitasastimulantonthetiredplacesoftheirlivesandasadistractionratherthanasawayofgatheringthemselvesfortheirhighestmoments.Peoplehaveevenmadeeatingintosomethingelse:

necessityontheonehand,excessontheother;havemuddiedtheclarityofthisneed,andallthedeep,simpleneedsinwhichliferenewsitselfhavebecomejustasmuddy.Buttheindividualcanmakethemclearforhimselfandlivethemclearly（nottheindividualwhoisdependent,butthesolitaryman）.Hecanrememberthatallbeautyinanimalsandplantsisasilent,enduringformofloveandyearning,andhecanseetheanimal,asheseesplants,patientlyandwillinglyunitingandmultiplyingandgrowing,notoutofphysicalpleasure,notoutofphysicalpain,butbowingtonecessitiesthataregreaterthanpleasureandpain,andmorepowerfulthanwillandwithstanding.Ifonlyhumanbeingscouldmorehumblyreceivethismysterywhichtheworldisfilledwith,eveninitssmallestThings,couldbearit,endureit,moresolemnly,feelhowterriblyheavyitis,insteadoftakingitlightly.Ifonlytheycouldbemorereverenttowardtheirownfruitfulness,whichisessentiallyone,whetheritismanifestedasmentalorphysical;formentalcreationtooarisesfromthephysical,isofonenaturewithitandonlylikeasofter,moreenrapturedandmoreeternalrepetitionofbodilydelight."Thethoughtofbeingacreator,ofengendering,ofshaping"isnothingwithoutitscontinuousgreatconfirmationandembodimentintheworld,nothingwithoutthethousand-foldassentfromThingsandanimals-andourenjoymentofitissoindescribablybeautifulandrichonlybecauseitisfullofinheritedmemoriesoftheengenderingandbirthingofmillions.Inonecreativethoughtathousandforgottennightsoflovecometolifeagainandfillitwithmajestyandexaltation.Andthosewhocometogetherinthenightsandareentwinedinrockingdelightperformasolemntaskandgathersweetness,depth,andstrengthforthesongofsomefuturepoet,whowillappearinordertosayecstasiesthatareunsayable.Andtheycallforththefuture;andeveniftheyhavemadeamistakeandembraceblindly,thefuturecomesanyway,anewhumanbeingarises,andonthefoundationoftheaccidentthatseemstobeaccomplishedhere,thereawakensthelawbywhichastrong,determinedseedforcesitswaythroughtotheeggcellthatopenlyadvancestomeetit.Don'tbeconfusedbysurfaces;inthedepthseverythingbecomeslaw.Andthosewholivethemysteryfalselyandbadly（andtheyareverymany）loseitonlyforthemselvesandneverthelesspassitonlikeasealedletter,withoutknowingit.Anddon'tbepuzzledbyhowmanynamesthereareandhowcomplexeachlifeseems.Perhapsabovethemallthereisagreatmotherhood,intheformofacommunalyearning.Thebeautyofthegirl,abeingwho（asyousobeautifullysay）"hasnotyetachievedanything,"ismotherhoodthathasapresentimentofitselfandbeginstoprepare,becomesanxious,yearns.Andthemother'sbeautyismotherhoodthatserves,andintheoldwomanthereisagreatremembering.Andinthemantoothereismotherhood,itseemstome,physicalandmental;hisengenderingisalsoakindofbirthing,anditisbirthingwhenhecreatesoutofhisinnermostfullness.Andperhapsthesexesaremoreakinthanpeoplethink,andthegreatrenewaloftheworldwillperhapsconsistinonephenomenon:

thatmanandwoman,freedfromallmistakenfeelingsandaversions,willseekeachothernotaoppositesbutasbrotherandsister,asneighbors,andwilluniteashumanbeings,inordertobearincommon,simply,earnestly,andpatiently,theheavysexthathasbeenlaiduponthem.

Buteverythingthatmaysomedaybepossibleformanypeople,thesolitarymancannow,already,prepareandbuildwithhisownhands,whichmakefewermistakes.Therefore,dearSir,loveyoursolitudeandtrytosingoutwiththepainitcausesyou.Forthosewhoarenearyouarefaraway,youwrite,andthisshowsthatthespacearoundyouisbeginningtogrowvast.Andifwhatisnearyouisfaraway,thenyourvastnessisalreadyamongthestarsandisverygreat;behappyaboutyourgrowth,inwhichofcourseyoucan'ttakeanyonewithyou,andbegentlewiththosewhostaybehind;beconfidentandcalminfrontofthemanddon'ttormentthemwithyourdoubtsanddon'tfrightenthemwithyourfaithorjoy,whichtheywouldn'tbeabletocomprehend.Seekoutsomesimpleandtruefeelingofwhatyouhaveincommonwiththem,whichdoesn'tnecessarilyhavetoalterwhenyouyourselfchangeagainandagain;whenyouseethem,lovelifeinaformthatisnotyourownandbeindulgenttowardthosewhoaregrowingold,whoareafraidofthealonenessthatyoutrust.Avoidprovidingmaterialforthedrama,thatisalwaysstretchedtightbetweenparentandchildren;itusesupmuchofthechildren'sstrengthandwastestheloveoftheelders,whichactsandwarmsevenifitdoesn'tcomprehendDon'taskforanyadvicefromthemanddon'texpectanyunderstanding;butbelieveinalovethatisbeingstoredupforyoulikeaninheritance,andhavefaiththatinthislovethereisastrengthandablessingsolargethatyoucantravelasfarasyouwishwithouthavingtostepoutsideit.

Itisgoodthatyouwillsoonbeenteringaprofessionthatwillmakeyouindependentandwillputyoucompletelyonyourown,ineverysense.Waitpatientlytoseewhetheryourinnermostlifefeelshemmedinbytheformthisprofessionimposes.Imyselfconsideritaverydifficultandveryexactingone,sinceitisburdenedwithenormousconventionsandleavesverylittleroomforapersonalinterpretationofitsduties.Butyoursolitudewillbeasupportandahomeforyou,eveninthemidstofveryunfamiliarcircumstances,andfromityouwillfindallyourpaths.Allmygoodwishesarereadytoaccompanyyou,andmyfaithiswithyou.

Yours,

RainerMariaRilke

大概在十天前我离开了巴黎，又累又虚弱，旅行到这个伟大的北方平原，这平原