山东省潍坊市届高三高考模拟二模考试英语试题word版.docx
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山东省潍坊市届高三高考模拟二模考试英语试题word版
山东省潍坊市高考模拟考试试题
英语试卷
注意事项:
1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如
擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题上,
试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
该部分分为第一、第二两节。
注意:
回答听力部分时,请先将答案标在试卷上。
听力部分结束前,你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,,
A
BroadBand:
byClaireL.Evans.Portfolio,2018($27)
Thoughoftenoutnumberedbymen,womenstayedincheboomingfieldofcomputing.Inthisinspiringtale,writerEvansrecordsthecontributionsofsomeofthemanywomenwhoaidedtheriseofthemodernInlernet.MemorablecharactersincludeElizabeth"Jake"Feinler,aninformationscientistwhohelpedresearchersnavigatetheArpaneandStacyHorn,whostartedoneofthefirstsocialnetworks,Echo.
TheWizardandtheProphet:
byCharlesC.Mann.Knopf,2018($28.95)
Thehumanpopulationismovingtoward10billion-someexpertstliinkwe'llnearlyhitthatmarkby2050.Howwill.theearthfeed,houseandotherwisesupportsuchacrowd?
Environmentalthinkersusuallyfallintooneoftwocamps:
thosewhopreferconservationand'controllingconsumption,likeWilliam
Vogt,andthosewhotrustinnovationtosolveourproblems,NormanBorlaug,forexample.WriterManncarefullyrecordsthelivesandthoughtofthefoundersofthesetwophilosophies.
ALabofOne'sOwn:
byPatriciaFara.OxfordUniversityPtess,2018($24.95)
InWorldWarImanywomenintheU.K.replacedtheirapronswithchemicalsuitsandsteppedintopreviouslymale-onlyfieldsofscience,wheretheyledwarresearchefforts.SciencehistorianFaraillustratesthelivesofmanyoftheseforgottenwomen.Althoughtheeramarkedamajorstepforwardforwomenscientists,manyworkedforsmallwagesinanenvironmentofdiscrimination.Inthenearly100yearssince,womenhavecomealongway,Farawrites,buttheglassceilingsremainsolidandthepipelinesleaky.
AtomLand:
byJonButterworth.TheExperiment,2018($19.95)
Butterworthtakesreadersonanamusingjourneythroughtheunknownworldofparticle(粒子)physics.Thefirststopis"AtomLand,"whereButterworthexplainshowelectrons,protonsandneutronscometogethertobuildupeverythingweknow.Asthejoumeyunfolds,welearnaboutlesser-knownparticles.Thankfully,ourshipisequippedwithtoolssuchasmathematicalequations(方程式)anda"laserlight"thatlightsupthedarkestofconcepts.
21.Whofocusesonthefutureofourearth?
A.ClaireL.Evans.B.CharlesC.Mann.
C.PatriciaFara.D.JonButterworth.
22.Whichbookswillyouprobablyreadifyouareinterestedinwomen'scareer?
A.BroadBand&AtomLand.
B.TheWizardandtheProphet&AtomLand.
C.BroadBan.d&ALabofOne'sOwn.
D.ALabofOne'sOwn&AtomLand.
23.What'sthepurposeinwritingthetext?
A.Toclarifysomeconcepts.
B.Toiritroducesomefamouswriters.
C.Togivethebookreviews.
D.Torecommendthebooks.
B
AdrianLamo,aColombian-Americanthreatanalystandformerhacker,diedinSedgwic-kCounty,KansasonFriday,attheageof37.HewasbestknownforpassingoninformationthatledtothearrestofChelseaManning.
Lamofirstgainedmediaattentionintheearly2000sforbreakingintoseveralhigh-profilecomputernetworks,includingthoseofTheNewYorkTimes,Yahoo,andMicrosoft,endinginhis2003arrestwhenheeventuallyturnedhimselfin.
However,Lamogained.worldwideillreputationin2010fordisclosingtotheFBIthattheU.S.soldierrChelseaManninghadleakedconfidentialinformationtoWikileaks.ManninghadreachedouttoLamoviaamessagin8appandtoldhimthathehadgainedaccesstohundredsofthousandsofclassifieddocumentsandhadleakedtoWikileaksavideoofU.S.militaryforcesinahelicoptermachinemadlygunningdownjournalistsandIraqicivilians.But,LamochosetoreporthimandinformedtheU.S.militaryoftheleak.
HeldresponsibleforthebiggestleakofclassifieddatainU.S.history,Manningwasdeclaredguiltybycourtmartialandwassentencedto35yearsinprison,butwasgrantedmercybyformerPresidentBarackObama,whosaidhisprisontermwas"disproportionate".
LookingbackonhisdecisiontogiveupManning,LamotoldUSNewsandWorldReportin2017thatitwas"nothismosthonorablemoment".
However,headdedthathehadleamedalotfromtheexperience,includingthat"youcan'treallyknowapersonortheirmotivesunlessyou'vesatwheretheysatandseenthesituationthroughtheireyes,nomatterhowmuchyoubelieveyoudo".
24.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?
A.Abiography.B.Afiction.
C.Anewsrepmt.D.Acriticalessay.
25.WhatmadeAdrianLamohaveabadnameallovertheworld?
A.TumingFBIin.
B.GivingupChelseaManning.
C.Hackingsomefamousnetworks.
D.LeakingmilitaryinformationtoWikileaks.
26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dispropmtionate"meaninparagraph4?
A.Fair.B.Ambiguous.C.Improper.D.Acceptable.
27.WhatdoesAdrianLamoimplybyhiswordsinthelastparagraph?
A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.
B.PutyourseKinothers'shoes.
C.Afriendiseasierlostthanfound.
D.Don'tjudgeapersonbyhi8appearance.
C
Chsrityissimpleintheory:
Aheartwarms,ahandreache8out.Inpractice,though,charitycanbecomeatroubledmixofmotivesandconsequences.Givingcanbedrivenbyguilt,duty,praise,orperhapsthehopethatSpivingwillsomehowmakeupforpastcrueltyorignorance.Toolittlecharityisfarlessthanvaluable.Toomuchcancausedependencewhichmakesthereceiver
Continuouslyaskformore.
Givingfromtheheartisgood.Butcriticshavelongworriedaboutmisdirectedcharitythatdosemoreharmthangood.Inhis2012book,"HarmfulCharity:
HowChurchesandCharitiesHurtThoseTheyHelp(AndHowtoSolvetheProblem),"RobertLupton,anexperiencedsocialworkerof40yearsofcommunityworkininner-cityAtlanta,arguesthatcharitymustnotdoforthepoorwhattheycandoforthemselves.
Duetoemergenciessuchasnaturaldisasters,theafterwardfinancialaidisgreatlywelcome.Mr.Luptonadvocatesitshouldfocusonthedevelopmentofself-supporting.Thetaskcanbecarriedoutvia,forinstance,offeringmicroloans,hiringlocalbuildersandsuppliers,andtryingtofoundself-supported,locallyownedandoperatedenterprises.Whatseldomworks,heargues,areuntargetedhandoutsfromfar-offprovidersandthesuddenarrivalofinexperiencedvolunteer-touristshopingtoearnpersonalreputationbydiggingwellsormendingroofsthatlocalsareperfectlyabletotakecareofthemselves.
Gettingcharityrightisn'teasy.ButfrommoneyraisingtotheboominvolunteeringamongMillennials(千禧一代),fromtheincreasingworldwidewillingnesstogivetotheeffortsbycharityorganizationstobecomemoreeffectiveandfruitful,thereisstrongevidencethathumanbeings'abilityoftakingcareofothersisgrowingalongwiththeirabilitytohelpwithoutharming.
Charitycanbeassimpleasholdingthedoorforastrangerandascomplexasaglobalcampaigntogetridofmalaria(疟疾).Charityworksbestwhenitretumstheweaktostrength,whenithelpsasmalltownshakenbyaheavyearthquakegetbackonitsfeet.Asuccessfulcharityisonethateventuallyisnolongerneeded.
28.Whyhavecriticsworriedaboutmisdirectedcharity?
A.Itmaydoharmtoreceivers.
B.Itmaycauseindependence.
C.Itcanbedrivenbyguilt.
D.Itcanbeencouragedbyduty.
29.Whatcanbeaproperwaytogivecharityintimeofnaturaldisasters?
A.Hiringfar-offvolunteers.
B.Diggingwellsforvictims.
C.Givingoutuntargetedhandouts.
D.Helpinglocalstobeself-supported.
30.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?
A.It'seasytogivecharitywithoutharming.
B.Millennialsarevolunteeringtoraisemoney..
C.People'sabilityofgiving;charityisimproving.
D.Charityorganizations.arespreadingallovertheworld.
31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
A.Theworldisinneedofcharity.
B.It'snecessarytogetcharityright.
C.Charitydo.esmoregoodthanharm.
D.Givingcharityishelpingourselves.
D
KaitlinWoolleyandAyeletFishbachreportinPsychologicalSciencethatamealtaken"family-style"fromacentralplatecangreatlyimprovetheoutcomeoflaternegotiations.
Havingconductedpreviousresearchin2017revealingthateatingsimilarfoodsledtopeoplefeelingemotionallyclosertooneanother,DrWoolleyandDrFishbachwonderedwhetherthewayinwhichfoodwasservedalsohadapsychologicaleffect.Theytheorizedthat,ontheonehand,sharingfoodwithotherpeoplemightindicatefoodscarcity(短缺)andincreaseafeelingofcompetition.However,theyalsoreasonedthatitcouldinsteadleadpeopletobecomemoreawareofothers'needsanddrivecooperativebehaviorasaresult.Curioustofindout,theydidaseriesofexperiments.
Forthefirsttesttheyrecruited100pairsofparticipantsfromalocalcafe,noneofwhomkneweachother.Theparticipantswereseatedatatableandfedtortillachipswithsalsa.Halfthepairsweregiventheirownbasketof20gramsofchipsandabowlof25gramsofsalsa,andhalfweregiven40gramsofchipsand50gramsofsalsatoshare.Asacoverfortheexperiment,allparticipantsweretoldthissnackwastobeconsumedbeforethegamebegan.
Thegameaskedtheparticipantstonegotiateanhourlywagerateduringafictionalstrike.Eachpersonwasrandomlyassignedtorepresenttheunionormanagementandfollowasetofrules.
Theresearchersmeasuredcooperationbynotingthenumberofroundsittooktoreachanagreement,andfoundthatthosewho