新视野大学英语第三版Book2Unit 7Women making a difference today全套讲义.docx

新视野大学英语第三版Book2Unit 7Women making a difference today全套讲义.docx

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新视野大学英语第三版Book2Unit7Womenmakingadifferencetoday全套讲义

Unit7Women:

makingadifferencetoday

RART1UNDERSTANDINGANDLEARNING

Overview

Theunitaimsatexploringacurrentsocialissue:

genderroles,atopicthatcouldsparkalotofdebatesandarguments.TextAgivesstudentsabigpictureofahowwomenhaveplayedanimportantroleatthemanagementlevel,alongwiththeirchallengesandfrustrations.TextBportraysahappyfull-timehousewifewhoconsidersherjobathomeabsolutelyimportant.Theimplicationofitisthatthejobatahousewifeshouldberespected.Thetwoarticlesaretheme-boundsincebothrelatethetopicoftheroleplayedbywomen,thoughoneisatworkandtheotherathome.Thewritingstyleofthetowtextsisverydifferentaswell.Oneisafeaturedarticleonfemaleworkingstylesbywayofpresentingvariousscenariosatwork,blendedwithmanydirectspeechesandpresentverbtensessuchassays,report,agrees,proclaims,feels,pauseswhenreferringtothepast;theotherisanarrativeabouttheauthor’spersonalexperienceofbeingahousewife.Thoughthelanguageusedinbothtextsissomewhatcasual,thetoneofthefirstoneismoreseriousandinareportstyle.Women’sworkingstyleandwayofthinkingareclearlydepicted,whichwillsurelyprovokeaninterestingdebateongenderissuesasaspringboardforin-depthclassdiscussion.Activitiesmayrevolvearoundthemainthemeoftheunite:

Shouldwomenstayhomeorworkoutside.

SectionAWomenatthemanagementlevel

Backgroundinformation

Womenleaders

Intoday’seconomy,womenareastrongforceintheworkplace.Gonearethedaysofmenworkingoutsideandwomenstayingathome.Womenarefillingtheranksinmanyprofessionsandmanytopcompanies.Manyoftoday’sglobalbusinessleaderandpowerfulentrepreneursarewomen.Indeed,womenareincreasinglyworkinginuppermanagementroles,servingasleaderinavarietyofsettings.Interestingly,researchsayswomenbehavemoreemotionallyincertainworksituations.

Regardlessofwhatthestudiessays,thedatasupportthebenefitsofgenderdiversityattheworkplace.Sowhatdoessuchdiversityintheworkplacemean?

Itmeansthatitisbeneficialtonotonlyhirebutalsoretainfemaleemployees.Thetextvividlyunfoldshowfemalesareworkingindifferentbusinesssectorsatthemanagementlevel.

Detailedstudyofthetext

1whenMonicaappliedforajobasanassistantin1971,shewasaskedwhethershewouldattorney.（para.1）

administrative

Meaning:

Monicawasaskedifshewouldliketoworkforamaleorafemalelawyerwhensheappliedforamanagingjobatalawfirmin1971.

Administrative:

a.relatingtotheworkofmanagingacompanyororganization行政的；管理的

Althoughadministrativepositionsmaypaymorethanteachingsalaries,theyoftenrequiremorehoursonthejob.虽然行政工作的薪金比教学工作的更多，但它们却往往需要更多的工作时间。

SentencestructureNOTE

“wouldrather”句型

1wouldrather的意思是“宁愿；宁可；更；最好；还是…为好”，后接动词原形，表示优先选择的一种方式。

其否定形式是wouldrathernotdosth.wouldrather没有人称和数的变化，所有的人称一律用wouldrather。

例如：

Ifyou/hewouldratherbealone,we’llallleavehere.如果你/他宁愿独自呆着，那我们会都离开这儿。

wouldrather后接从句时，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时，表示希望或宁愿某人按某特定的方式做某事，这个结构常常表达的是现在或将来的行为。

例如：

I’dratheryoudidn’tmakeanycommentontheissueforthetimebeing.我想目前你还是不要对此事发表任何评论。

2”Ifeltthatamale-boss/female-employeerelationshipwasmorenatural,needingnopersonalaccommodationwhatsoever.”（para.1）

Meaning:

Ifeltthattherewasnoneedtocompromiseinarelationshipbetweenamalebossandafemaleemployeesinceitwasmorenatural.

employee:

n.[C]sb.Whoispaidtoworkforsb.else受雇者；雇员

knowingwhatanemployeeislookingforinapotentialemployeecanhelpsomeonetoprepareforaninterview.了解雇主在寻找什么样的潜在雇员可以帮助人们准备面试。

accommodation：

n

1）【sing.,U】（fml）achangeinbehaviororattitudethathelpspeopleworktogetherorendadisagreement迁就；通融；调和

Thetwosidesfailedtoagreeoneverypoint,buttheysettledonanaccommodationfortheirdifferences.双方未能对所有的意见都达成一致，但对他们的分歧达成了和解。

1）[U]aplaceforsb.Tostay,live,orwork住处；工作场所

Havingdecidedtofindanappropriateaccommodation,wesetaboutcontactingalltherentalagenciesinthecity.我们决定要找一个合适的住处之后，就开始联络这个城市所有的租赁公司。

3.But20yearslater,whenshewasaskedthesamequestion,shesaid,”Iwaspleasantlysurprisedthatfemalebossesaremuchmoreaccessibletotheiremployees;they’remuchmoresensitiveandintimatewiththeiremployees.”（para.1）

Meaning:

However,whenshewasaskedthesamequestion20yearslater,sherespondedthatitwasanicesurprisetofindoutthatfemalebosseshadbeenmucheasiertoapproach,moreunderstanding,andclosertotheirworkers.

Meaningbeyondwords:

heranswerwasentirelydifferentfromwhatshehadresponded20yaersbefore.Itcanbeassumedthatshegainedthisparticularfeelinggradually.

4.Femalebossestodayarestillfindingtheyfacesubtleresistance.（para.2）

Meaningbeyondwords:

Femalebossestodayarestillexperiencinggenderdiscrimination,thoughitmaynotalwaysbeobviousornoticeable.

5.Thereisstillasegmentofthepopulation,bothmenand,surprisingly,womenwhoreportlowtoleranceforfemalebosses.（para.2）

Meaning:

Aportionofpeople,menand,unexpectedly,evenwomenstatethattheycanhardlybearworkingwithfemalebosses.

Segment:

n.[C]apartofsth.thatisdifferentfromoraffecteddifferentlyfromthewholeinsomeway部分；段；片

Blackpeopleconstitutethepoorestsegmentofsocietyinthecountry.黑人在该国社会中构成了最贫穷的阶层。

tolerance：

n.

1）[U]Willingnesstoallowpeopletodo,say,orbelievewhattheywantwithoutcriticizingorpunishingthem忍受；容忍；宽容

Toleranceisthequalityofallowingotherpeopletosayanddoastheylike,evenifyoudonotagreewithitorlikeit.宽容是一种素质，它允许其他人说和做他们喜欢的事，即使你不同意或不喜欢。

2）[C,U]thedegreetowhichsb.cansufferpain,difficulty,etc.withoutbeingharmedordamaged（对痛苦，困难等的）忍受程度，忍耐力

Thesestudentstendtohaveapoortoleranceforfrustrationandgiveupeasilywhentakesbecomedifficult.这些学生往往对挫折的承受力差，在任务变得困难时会轻易放弃。

6.Thegrowingpresenceoffemalebosseshasalsoprovokedtwomajorquestionsthatresolvearoundstyles.Domenandwomenmanagedifferently,and,ifso,isthatagoodthing?

（Para2）

Meaning:

Withthenumberoffemalebossesincreasing,twoquestionshavebeenraisedintermsofstyles:

Domenandwomenworkdifferently?

Arethedifferencesgoodformanagementifthereareany?

7.Monicaisdisposedtothinkso,onbothcounts.Nowa40-year-oldmotheroffour,sheispresidentofapublicsectorlaborunionwith45,000members.（Para.3）

Meaning:

Monica,a40-year-oldmotheroffourchildrenandpresidentofapublicsectorlaborunionwith45,000members,isinclinedtolookatthesetwopointspositively:

Womendomanagedifferentlyfrommenandthatisagoodthing.

dispose:

vt

1）（~sb.to/towardsth.）（fml.）makesb.morelikelytoparticularorthoughts使（某人）较倾向于

Thebodyreleasesachemicalthatdisposesyoutowardsleep.体内释放出一种令人昏昏欲睡的化学物质。

2）（~of）getridofsth.,csp.Sth.thatisdifficulttogetridof丢弃，处理（尤指难以处理的东西）

Littershouldbedisposedofthoughtfully.废弃物应该仔细的处理。

disposed:

a.likelytobehaveorthinkinaparticularway有…倾向的

Hewasamanofgoodcharacterandwasnotdisposedtoviolence.他人品很好，没有暴力倾向。

bedisposedtodosth.:

bewillingtodosth.愿意做某事；乐意做某事

Hisfatherwasalarge,comfortable-lookingmanwhowasn’tdisposedtomakeafuss.他父亲各自高，看上去很舒服，不想是会大惊小怪的人。

onbothcounts:

inbothways在两个方面

Ithoughthewasakindandhonestperson,butIwaswrongonbothcounts.我原以为他是个善良，诚实的人，但这两点我都想错了。

sector:

n.[C]apartofanareaofactivity.esp.ofbusiness,trade,etc.（尤指商业、贸易等的）部门，行业

Inthefinancialsector,investorsinbanksandinsurancecompaniesbothhavelostalotofmoney.在金融行业，银行和保险公司的投资者都损失了很多钱。

Note“Apublicsectorlaborunion”（alsopublicsectortradeunion）referstoalaborunionwhichprimarilyrepresenttheinterestsofemployeeswithinpublicsector（government-owned,supportedorregulated）organizations.Publicsectorunionshavebecomesomeofthelargerormoreinfluentialunionincertainareaoftheworldinrecenttimesasprivatesectorunionmembershiphasdeclinedsharply.

8“Relationswithmyemployeesareprobablydifferentfromthoseofmalemanagersprecedingme,”shesays,“Iknowwhatit’sliketohavetocallandsaymykidgotthemumpssoIwon’tbecomingin.Ihaveamoreflexiblestyle–notsoft,justmoreunderstanding.”（para.3）

Meaning:

Shesaidthatshewasperhapsdifferentfromthepreviousmalemanagersinrelationwiththeemployeesbecausesheknewwhatitmeantwhensomeonehadtomakeaphonecalltellingherthatheorshewouldn’tgotoworkduetotheillnessoftheirchild.Sheaddedthatshewasmoreflexibleandunderstandingbutnotweakerintermsofworkingstyle.

Meaningbeyondwords:

Inabroadsense,femalebossesarebetterthanmakebossesinboss-employeerelationsbecausetheyaremoreunderstandingandtendtoshowmoreconsiderationtotheiremployees.

preccde:

vt.（fml）happenorexistbeforesth.orsb.orcomebeforesth.elseinaseries先于…（发生或存在）

Aplanningsessionat11:

30willprecedethelunchdiscussion.11:

30召开计划会议，随后是午餐讨论。

9.ThemanwhoisMonica’sassistantagrees,”Shetendstodelegatemoreandisalwayslookingforaconsensus.Peoplearehappyandflourishbecausetheyhaveaninputintodecisionsandtheyarenotmerebystanders;theirenergiesareharnessed.Ontheotherhand,consensustakeslonger.”（para.3）

Meaning:

ThemanwhoisMonica’sassistantholdsthesameopinionthatsheusuallygivespeoplemorerightsandisalwaysseekingagreement.Sincepeoplehavetheirvoiceheardindecision-makingandarenotplayingtheroleofawitnessonly,theyfeelhappyandsuccessful.Inthis