山东省济南市届高三新高考适应性考试模拟试题英语试题word版 含答案.docx
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山东省济南市届高三新高考适应性考试模拟试题英语试题word版含答案
山东省济南市2021届高三新高考适应性考试模拟试题英语试题
学校:
___________姓名:
___________班级:
___________考号:
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一、阅读选择
Therearemanyscholarshipsrewardingparticulartalents,sojustfindtherightonethatworksforyou.
■SpiritofGivingScholarship
Deadline:
July31,2021
AwardAmount:
$1,000
Overview:
Itisavailabletohighschoolseniorsandcurrentcollegestudents.Youmustsubmitanessayofbetween500and750wordsononeofthefollowingthreetopics:
Howhaveyouadvancedthespiritofgiving?
Howhasthespiritofgivingaffectedyoupersonally?
Howwillyourpresenteducationallowyoutobeofservicetoothers?
■OceanAwarenessContest
Deadline:
June15,2021
AwardAmount:
Upto$1,500
Overview:
Itisopentostudentsbetweentheagesof11and18.Studentsareinvitedtolearnabouttheclimatecrisisanditsimpactonoceans,discoversolutionsandcreateworkthatexploreshopeinaction.Submissionsareacceptedinvisualart,film,music,orpoetry.
■AtlasShruggedEssayContest
Deadline:
September19,2021
AwardAmount:
$25,000
Overview:
EssaycontestonAynRand’snovel,AtlasShrugged.Thereare59prizes,andfirstprizeis$25,000!
Toenter,submitan800to1,600-wordessayononeofthespecifictopicsaboutthenovel,whichcanbeviewedonthescholarshipprovider’swebsite.
■Coca-ColaScholarsProgramScholarship
Deadline:
October31,2021
AwardAmount:
$20,000
Overview:
Itisascholarshipawardedtograduatinghighschoolseniors,whoarerecognizedfortheircapacitytoleadandserve,aswellastheircommitmenttomakingasignificantimpactontheirschoolsandcommunities.Applicantsmustbeexpectingcompletionofahighschooldiplomaatthetimeofapplicationandplanningtopursueadegreeatapost-secondaryinstitution.
1.WhatisrequiredtowinSpiritofGivingScholarship?
A.Studentsagedfrom11to18.B.Thecapacitytoleadandserve.
C.Submittinganessay.D.ApplyingforitbeforeOctober31,2021.
2.WhichscholarshipissuitableforJacksonwholikesreadingandwriting?
A.SpiritofGivingScholarship.B.OceanAwarenessContest.
C.AtlasShruggedEssayContest.D.Coca-ColaScholarsProgramScholarship.
3.WhoareCoca-ColaScholarsProgramScholarshipdesignedfor?
A.Thosestudyingincollege.B.Thosetograduatefromhighschool.
C.Thosewithahighschooldiploma.D.Thoseinpost-secondaryinstitutions.
TheysayeverythingisbiggerinTexas.Whilethatmaybetrue,someofthebestthingsinTexasarequitesmall.Caseinpoint:
tinyMountVernon,atownofjustunder3,000people.ButifyoudocomeacrossMountVernon,youmightjustgetanintentiontostay.Thathappensalotaroundhere,andit’sworthnotinghowremarkablethatis.
TomWilkinsonwasborninMountVernon87yearsagoandmovedbackafterheretiredfromhiscareerasacollegeEnglishprofessorinDallas.Likemanyofhisneighbors,Wilkinsoncantrackhisancestorsbacktothepioneerswhosettledhereinthe1870s.Andlikemany,hevaluesthesimplelifeyoucan’teasilyfindinbigcities.“Peoplearestillpolite.Theyholdthedooropenforyou.”hesays,“Wegrowstrongrootshere!
”
PreservingandhonoringthepasthasbeenkeytohelpingMountVernonsurvive.Theresidentshaverestoredandreopenedsomeoftheemptystores,includingtheoldbarbershop,builtmorethan100yearsago.Anoldgeneralstorewasturnedintoacombinationspace.Wanderinonanygivendayandyoumightfindabookclubdiscussion,aCoffeeLadiesmeet-up,oraworksessionforthelocalgenealogy(家谱)groupamongthetablesofpeoplechattingovercupsofcoffeeandplatesoffood.
MountVernonhasthekindofbigheartsyoutendtofindinasmalltown.Forinstance,whenalocalpolicemanwasdiagnosedwithcancerlastyear,ten-year-oldLolaMcKellarsetupalemonadestandtoraisemoneyforhistreatments.In2015,whena350-yearfloodsentwaterrushingintolocalhomes,anarmyofvolunteersshoweduptogetawheelchair-boundneighborandhiswifetohigherground,andthencamebacktohelprebuild.
4.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofMountVernon?
A.Remote.B.Wealthy.
C.Primitive.D.Attractive.
5.WhydidTomWilkinsoncomebacktoMountVernon?
A.Hepreferredthesimpleandnaturallife.B.Hecouldcontinuehislanguageteaching.
C.Hecouldlivetogetherwithhisancestors.D.Hecouldmeetmoreneighborsofhisage.
6.Whatcanweinferaboutpeople’swayoflifeinMountVernonfromParagraph3?
A.Itisindangerofextinction.B.Itisquicklychangingovertime.
C.Itisconservativebutharmonious.D.Itisbeingdisturbedbytheoutsideworld.
7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?
A.ThehistoryofMountVernon.B.ThehumanityofMountVernon.
C.ThevolunteersofMountVernon.D.ThereconstructionofMountVernon.
AndrewOrkinwastakingabreakfromhiseveningjogtositbyProspectParkLakewhenhewasfrightenedtoseeamassofsnakes.Theyturnedouttobeswampeels(黄鳝)thathadescapedfromoneoftwolargeplasticbagsthatsplitopenasamandraggedthemtotheshoreline.Afterdumpingtheeelsinthelake,themanwalkedaway,explainingtobystandersthat“Ijustwanttosavelives.”
Theillegalreleasebecameacuriosityonsocialmedia,butthedumpingofexotic(外来的)animalsinurbanparksisn’tnew.NewYorkersfreethousandsofnon-nativeanimalseveryyear.“Peoplelikeanimalsandtheysometimesthinkthey’redoingagoodthingbylettingthemgo,”saidJasonMunshi-South,anurbanecologistatFordhamUniversity.“Mostwilldie.Somewillbecomeaproblem,andthenthere’snogoingback.”
NewYorkstateandcityofficialssayit’stoosoontoknowhowtheeelsinProspectParkmightaffectlocalspecies.Theeelseatalmostanythingincludingplants,insects,frogs,turtlesandotherfish.Andtheycouldprey(捕食)uponorcompetewiththepark’snativespeciesforhoweverlongtheysurvive.
Therearenoplanstoeradicatetheeels.Sincethey’reactiveatnightandspendmostoftheirtimeinthemudoflakesandrivers,spottingandremovingthemfromthelakecouldbeimpossible.Officialssaytheywilllookforswampeelsduringtheagency’snextsurveyinthespring,butdon’texpectthemtomakeitthroughthewinter.However,UniversityofTorontofreshwaterecologistNicholasMandraksaid,“Eveniftheydon’tsurvive,theycouldhavenegativeshort-termeffects.”
8.Whydidthemanpourtheeelsintothelake?
A.Tochallengethelaw.B.Toincreasethelocalspecies.
C.Tokeeptheeelsalive.D.Tobecomeawebcelebrity.
9.Whydidthereleasedeelsbecomeaconcern?
A.Theymightgetcaughtonceagain.
B.Theymightnotadapttothenewenvironment.
C.Theymightfrightenthejoggersbythelake.
D.Theymightposeathreattolocalspecies.
10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eradicate”inparagraph4mean?
A.Getridof.B.Lookafter.
C.Sell.D.Examine.
11.Whatistheofficials’opinionaboutdealingwiththeproblem?
A.Itisrisky.B.Itistricky.
C.Ittakespatience.D.Itrequireslegalsupport.
Thescientistswhore-engineeredtheplastic-eatingenzyme(酶)PETasehavenowcreatedanewenzymecalled“cocktail”,whichcandigestplasticuptosixtimesfaster.
PETasebreaksdownPETbackintoitsbuildingblocks,creatinganopportunitytorecycleplasticandreduceplasticpollution.PETisthemostcommonthermoplastic(热塑性塑料)usedtomakesingle-usedrinksbottles,whichtakeshundredsofyearstobreakdownintheenvironment,butPETasecanshortenthistimetodays.Theinitialdiscoverysetuptheprospectofarevolutioninplasticrecycling,creatingapotentiallow-energysolutiontotackleplasticwaste.
Now,thesametrans-AtlanticteamhavecombinedPETaseandits“partner”,asecondenzymecalledMHETase,togeneratemuchbiggerimprovements:
simplymixingPETasewithMHETasedoubledthespeedofPETbreakdown,andengineeringaconnectionbetweenthetwoenzymestocreatea“super-enzyme”,increasedthisactivitybyafurtherthreetimes.
Theteamwasco-ledbythescientistswhoengineeredPETase,ProfessorJohnMcGeehanandDrGreggBeckham.ProfessorMcGeehansaid:
“GreggandIwerechattingabouthowPETaseattacksthesurfaceoftheplasticsandMHETasechopsthingsupfurther,soitseemednaturaltoseeifwecouldusethemtogether.Ourfirstexperimentsshowedthattheydidworkbettertogether,sowedecidedtophysicallylinkthem.Ittookagreatdealofwork,butitwasworththeeffort—weweredelightedtoseethatournewenzymeisuptothreetimesfasterthantheseparateenzymes.”
TheoriginalPETaseenzymediscoveryindicatedthefirsthopethatasolutiontotheglobalplasticpollutionproblemmightbewithingrasp,thoughPETasealoneisnotyetfastenoughtohandlethetonsofPETbottles.Combiningitwithasecondenzyme,andfindingtogethertheyworkevenfaster,meansanotherleapforwardhasbeentakentowardsfindingasolutiontoplasticwaste.PETaseandthenewcombinedMHETase-PETasebothworkbydigestingPETplastic.Thisallowsforplasticstobemadeandreusedendlessly,reducingourrelianceonfossil(化石)resources.
12.Whatcanwelearnabout“cocktail”fromthetext?
A.Itdoublesthebreakdownofplastics.
B.Ittakeshundredsofyearstobreakdown.
C.Itcontributestobreakingdownplasticquickly.
D.Itdealswiththeplasticwastethreetimesfaster.
13.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?
A.AnewstudyofPET.B.ThebreakdownofPET.
C.ThediscoveryofPETase.D.ThefunctionsofPETase.
14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph4referto?
A.Co-leadingthetrans-Atlanticteam.B.CombiningPETaseandMHETase.
C.Attackingthesurfaceoftheplastics.D.Talkingaboutconductingexperiments.
15.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
A.PETpollutionisnolongeradifficultproblemtodealwith.
B.Newenzy