浙江省专升本大学英语试题和答案.docx
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浙江省专升本大学英语试题和答案
浙江省2014年选拔优秀高职高专毕业生进入本科学习统一考试
英语
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四
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PartIReadingComprehension(60marks,60minutes)
SectionA(每小题2分)
FormatⅠ
Directions:
Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletteronAnswer
Sheet.(40marks)
PassageOne
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Haveyoueverwonderedwherethefirstdoughnut(炸面圈)wasmade?
Whothoughtuptheideaofafriedcakewithaholeinthecenter?
Nooneknowsforsurewhomadethefirstdoughnut.Somepeoplethinkthatdoughnutprobablybeganinthe1800sasDutch“olykoeks”or“oilycakes.”Inthosedays,acookwouldnotwanttowasteanyscrapsoffood.Leftoverpiecesofbreaddough(生面团)wereputintohotoilandfried.Olykoeksweretastyontheoutside,butsoftanduncookedinthecenter.
SomepeoplesaythatthemotherofaNewEnglandseacaptaininventedthefirstrealdoughnut.HernamewasElizabethGregory.Shereplacedthesoftcenterwithspicesandnuts.But,Elizabeth’sson,CaptainGregory,didnotlikenuts.Hepunchedoutthecenter,andtheconsequencewasthefirstholeinadoughnut.
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OtherssaytherealstoryisthatCaptainGregoryhaddifficultysteeringhisshipwhiletryingtoeatdoughnut.Heaskedtheship’scooktomakehisdoughnutswithholessohecouldhangthemonthesteeringwheel!
OthersthinkthatCaptainGregorysawholedcakesinEuropeandbroughttheideabackto
Americawithhim.
DuringworldwarI,homesickAmericansoldiersinEuropewereserveddoughnutsbytheSalvationArmy.Thesebravewomenvolunteeringforthejobwerecalled“DoughnutGirls.”Theyoftenworkedindangerousconditionsnearthesoldiers,sotheDoughnutGirlsworehelmetsanduniforms.Thewomenmadedoughnutcuttersoutofalargecanwithasmallercaninsideittocutout
thehole.Theycouldsetupakettleofhotoiltofrythedoughalmostanywhere.
Inthe1920s,doughnutmachineswereinvented.Doughnutswereproducedfasterandeasierthaneverbefore.Still,manypeoplepreferredtomaketheir
favoritedoughnutsathome.
1.Thepassageismainlyabout
.
A.thepopularityofdoughnuts
B.thehistoryofdoughnuts
C.theinventorsofdoughnuts
D.thetypesofdoughnuts
2.ThefirstDutch“olykoek”cameintobeingprobablybecause
.
A.peopledidnotliketoeatfriedfood
B.cooksdidnotliketowasteleftoverfood
C.DutchmenlikedoilcakesverymuchD.cookslikedthesoftcenterofcakes
3.Whatwasusedtoreplacetheuncookedcentertoimprovedoughnuts?
A.Scrapsoffood
B.Jellyfilling
C.Spicesandnuts
D.Leftoverbreaddough
4.Inparagraph3,theword“consequence”probablymeans
.
A.action
B.damage
C.problem
D.result
5.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheDoughnutGirlsduringworldwarI?
A.Theyworkedaboardaship.
B.Theyworkednearbattlefields
C.Theyuseduntestedmachines
D.Theyusedhelmetstocookdoughnuts
PassageTwo
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
ItisablowfortheUglyBettysandPlainJanes——researchshowsthatgoodlooksleadtobetterpay.Astudyof4,000youngmenandwomenfoundthatbeautyboostedpaychecksmorethanintelligence.Thosejudgedtobethemoreattractiveearnedupto10percentmorethantheirlessattractivefriendsandcolleagues.Appliedtotheaveragesalaryof£25,000ayear,the“plainness
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penalty(处罚)”wouldmakeadifferenceof£2,500ayear——oraround£50aweek.
Itisunclearwhatisbehindthephenomenonbutitmaybethatbeautycreatesconfidence.Theself-confidentmayappeartobedoingbetterthantheyareandwillnothesitateaboutaskingforapayrise.
ResearcherJasonFletcher,ofYaleUniversityintheU.S.,ratedtheattractivenessofthe4,000menandwomen.Justoverhalfwerejudgedaverage,while7percentwerefelttobeveryattractiveand8percentwerejudgedunattractiveorveryunattractive.ThevolunteersalsosatanIQtestandreportedtheirsalary.Itbecameclearthatpayscaleswerefarfromfair.Forinstance,a14-pointincreaseontheIQscorewasassociatedwitha3to6percentincreaseinwage.Butbeingofabove-averagelooksincreasedpayby5to10percent.
Foraplainpersontobepaidthesameasaveryattractiveone,theywouldhavetobe40percentbrighter,thejournalEconomicsLettersreports.
DrFletchersaid:
“Theresultsdoshowthatpeople’slookshaveanimpactontheirwagesanditcanbeveryimportant.”
6.Whatisthe“plainnesspenalty”?
A.Tobepaidlessforbeingordinarily-looking.
B.Tobelaughedatforbeingordinarily-looking.
C.Tobefiredforbeingordinarily-looking.
D.Tobequestionedforbeingordinarily-looking.7.What’stheaverageannualsalaryofagood-lookingperson?
A.£2,500
B.£25,000
C.£22,500
D.£27,500
8.Good-lookingpeopleareusuallypaidmoreprobablybecause
.
A.theylooksmarter
B.theyhavehigherdegrees
C.theyarebetteratpleasingothers
D.theyaremoreconfident
9.HowmanypeoplewereratedasveryattractiveinJasonFletcher’sstudy?
A.About280
B.About4,000
C.About2,000
D.About320
10.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?
A.IQislessimportantthanappearance.
B.Confidencemakespeopleprettier.
C.Goodlooksearnanextrapenny.
D.HowPlainJanesgetahighersalary.
PassageThree
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Wereyouconstantlyboredasachild?
Maybethathelpedyoutodevelopyourabilitytobecreative.
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Boredomcanbeagoodthingforchildren,accordingtoDrTeresaBelton,researcherattheUniversityofEastAnglia’sSchoolofEducationandLifelongLearning.Afterinterviewingauthors,artistsandscientistsinBritain,she’sreachedtheconclusionthatculturalexpectationsthatchildrenshouldbe
constantlyactivecouldblockthedevelopmentoftheirimagination.
BritishactressandwriterMeeraSyalgrewupinasmallminingvillagewithfewdistractions.Theresearchersaid:
“Lackofthingstodourgedhertotalktopeopleshewouldn’totherwisehaveengagedwithandtryactivitiesshewouldn’t,underothercircumstances,haveexperienced,suchastalkingtoelderlyneighborsandlearningtobakecakes.”
Beltonadded:
“Boredommadeherwrite.MeeraSyalkeptadiaryfroma
youngage,fillingitwithobservations,shortstories,poems.”
Theresearcherdidn’tignoretheoldsayingthedevilfindsworkforidlehands,though.Beltonpointedoutthatyoungpeoplewhodon’thavetheinteriorresourcestodealwithboredomcreativelymayendupsmashingupbusshelters
ortakingcarsoutforajoyride.
HowaboutwatchingTVandvideosonthecomputer?
Theresearcherbelievesthatnothingreplacesstandingandstaringatthingsandobservingyour
surroundings.
It’sthesortofthingthatstimulatestheimagination,shesaid,whilethescreen“tendstoshortcircuitthatprocessandthedevelopmentofcreative
capacity.”
DrBeltonconcluded:
“Forthesakeofcreativity,perhapsweneedtoslow
downandstayofflinefromtimetotime.”
11.DrTeresaBeltondidherresearchby.
A.studyingculturaldifferences
B.interviewingprofessionals
C.keepingadiary
D.observingthesurroundings
12.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthevillagewhereMeeraSyalgrewup?
A.ModernandopenB.Tinyandunexciting
C.PoorandunderdevelopmentD.Remoteandviolent
13.Theexpression“thedevilfindsworkforidlehands”probablymeansthat
peoplearemorelikelyto?
A.dowhattheyshouldnotdoiftheymeetdevils.
B.achievenothingiftheyworkwithdevils
C.domoreworkiftheydidn’tworkhardwhentheywereyoung.D.getinvolvedintroubleiftheyhavenothingtodowiththeirtime.
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14.WhatisDrBelton’sadviceforyoungsters?
A.Observetheworldaroundthem.
B.Getinformationonlinefromtimetotime.
C.Remainconstantlyactive.
D.Readasmanybooksaspossible.
15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Dealwithboredomwisely.
B.Learnfromayoungage.
C.Enjoyvillagelife.D.Forgetoldsayings.
PassageFour
Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Duringherjunioryearofhighschool,CandiceBackus’steacherhandedherasheetandinstructedthe17-year-oldtomapoutherfuturefinanciallife.Backuspretendedtobuyacar,rentanapartment,andapplyforacreditcard.Then,sheandherclassmatesplayedthe“stockmarketgame,”investingthehypothetical(假设的)earningsfromtheirhypotheticaljobsinthemarketinthefatefulfallof2008.“Ourpretendinvestmentscrashed,”Backussays,stillhorrified.“Wefeltwhatactualshareholderswerefeeling.”
Thatpainofearningandlosingmoneyisafeelingthatpublicschoolincreasinglywanttoteach.Fortystatesnowoffersometypesoffinancialinstructionattheelementaryorhigh-schoollevel,includinglessonsinbalancingcheckbooks(支票本)andbuyingstockinmathandsocial-studiesclasses.Theinterestinpersonal-financeclasseshasrisensince2007whenbankfailuresbecamearegularoccurrence.
Ratherthanteachinvestmentstrategies,thesecoursesofferabasicapproachtohandlingmoney:
Don’tspentwhatyoudon’thave.Putpartofyourmonthlysalaryintoasavingaccount,andinvestinthestockmarketforthelong-termratherthanshort-termgains.ForBackus,thismeansdividingherearningsfromherpart-timejobatafast-foodrestaurantintoseparateenvelopesforpayingbills,spending,an