ieeec571201中英文版电子教案.docx

ieeec571201中英文版电子教案.docx

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ieeec571201中英文版电子教案

ANSI/IEEEC57.12.01-2005

美国国家标准协会/电气和电子工程师协会C57.12.01-2005

IEEEStandardGeneralRequirementsforDry-TypeDistributionandPowerTransformers,Including

ThosewithSolid-Castand/orResinEncapsulatedWindings

干式配电和电力变压器通用要求，包括固体干式和环氧树脂浇注线圈

Contents

1.Overview............................................................1

总则

1.1Scope.............................................................1

范围

1.2Purpose.............................................................1

目的

1.3Wordusage........................................................2

专有名词

2.Normativereferences..........................................2

参考标准

3.Definitions............................................................3

定义

4.Serviceconditions.............................................3

使用条件

4.1Usualserviceconditions...............................3

正常使用条件

4.2Unusualserviceconditions............................4

不正常使用条件

5.Ratingdata................................................6

标定数据（额定值）

5.1Coolingclassesoftransformers......................6

变压器冷却等级

5.2Frequency......................................................7

频率

5.3Phases.............................................................7

相数

5.4Ratedpower...................................................7

额定容量

5.4Voltageratingandtaps.....................................8

额定电压和分接

5.5Connections....................................................8

联结组别

5.6Polarity,angulardisplacement,andterminalmarks..............8

极性，相位，和端子标号

5.7Impedance.......................................................10

阻抗

5.8Losses............................................................10

损耗

5.9Insulationlevels............................................10

绝缘等级

5.10Temperatureriseandinsulation-systemcapability........14

温升和绝缘系统温度（最高耐温能力）

5.11Nameplates..................................................18

铭牌

6.Construction.....................................................22

结构

6.1Tank-pressurerequirements...........................22

外壳能够存受压力要求

6.2Finishoftankorenclosure...........................22

外壳的漆（表面处理）

6.3Handlingprovisions.......................................22

起吊规定

6.4Transformeraccessories................................22

变压器附件

6.5Terminals.......................................................22

接线端子

6.6Grounding....................................................22

接地

6.6Shipping..........................................................23

运输（海运）

7.Short-circuitcharacteristics...........................23

突发短路特性

7.1General......................................................23

通用（一般）

7.2Transformercategories...................................23

变压器范畴划分

7.3Short-circuitcurrentdurationandmagnitude..........................................23

短路电流持续时间和量级

7.4Systemzero-sequencedata.............................26

系统的零序值（X0/X1）

7.5Applicationconditionsrequiringspecialconsideration................................................27

要求特殊考虑的施加条件

7.6Components....................27

组件

7.6Basepowerratingofawinding....................27

线圈基准容量

7.7Effectsoftemperatureontransformerwindingsduringshort-circuitconditions........28

在持续短路条件下变压器绕组上的温升影响

7.8Temperaturelimitsoftransformerforshort-circuitconditions............28

短路条件下变压器的温升限值

7.9Calculationofwindingtemperatureduringashortcircuit....28

在持续短路条件下绕组温升计算

8.Testingandcalculations.................................30

试验和计算

8.1General.......................................................30

一般

8.2Testclassifications..........................................30

试验分类

8.3Routine,design,andothertestsfortransformers.......................30

变压器例行，设计和其它试验

8.4Calculations.....................................................31

计算

9.Tolerances........................................................31

容许误差

9.1Ratio.........................................................31

变比

9.2Impedance......................................................32

阻抗

9.3Losses.....................................................32

损耗

10.Connectionoftransformersforshipment...................32

变压器连接Y&Δ

1.Overview

总则

1.1Scope

范围

Electrical,mechanical,andsafetyrequirementsofventilated,non-ventilated,andsealeddry-type

distributionandpowertransformersorauto-transformers（singleandpolyphase,withavoltageof601Vorhigherinthehighestvoltagewinding）aredescribed.

本标准应用于通风、不通风和包封干式配电和电力变压器或自耦变压器（单相和多相，绕组的最高电压是601V或者更高）在电气、机械和安全上的要求。

1.2Purpose

目的

Thisstandardisintendedasabasisfortheestablishmentofperformance,interchangeability,andsafetyrequirementsofequipmentdescribed,andforassistanceintheproperselectionofsuchequipment.

这个标准目的是在制定设备的性能、可交换性，设备的安全要求，帮助选择设备方面提供依据。

Theinformationinthisstandardappliestoalldry-typetransformersexceptasfollows:

本标准上的信息应用于所有干式变压器，以下几种变压器除外：

a）Instrumenttransformers

b）Step-andinduction-voltageregulators

调压变压器

c）Arc-furnacetransformers

d）Rectifiertransformers

整流变压器

e）Specialtyandgeneral-purposetransformers

特殊和多用途变压器

f）Minetransformers

矿用变压器

g）Testingtransformers

试验变压器

h）Weldingtransformers

焊接变压器

1.3Wordusage

专有名词

Whenthisstandardisusedonamandatorybasis,thewordshallindicatemandatoryrequirements;thewordsshouldandmayrefertomattersthatarerecommendedorpermissivebutnotmandatory.

本标准强制使用的专有名词应该有说明，而且应该可以在其它参考文献上找到，而不是被强制使用。

NOTE—Theintroductionofthisvoluntaryconsensusstandarddescribesthecircumstancesunderwhichthestandardmaybeusedonamandatorybasis.1

2.Normativereferences

参考标准

Thefollowingreferenceddocumentsareindispensablefortheapplicationofthisstandard.Fordated

references,onlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthereferenced

document（includinganyamendments）applies.

ANSIC57.12.55,AmericanNationalStandardforDry-TypeTransformersinUnitInstallations,IncludingUnitSubstations—ConformanceStandard.2

ANSIC57.12.70,AmericanNationalStandardforTerminalMarkingsandConnectionsforDistributionandPowerTransformers.

ANSIC84.1,AmericanNationalStandardforElectricPowerSystemsandEquipment—VoltageRatings（60Hz）.

IEEEStd315TM,IEEEGraphicSymbolsforElectricalandElectronicsDiagrams.3,4

IEEEStdC57.12.56TM,IEEEStandardTestProcedureforThermalEvaluationofInsulationSystemsforVentilatedDry-TypePowerandDistributionTransformers.

IEEEStdC57.12.60TM,IEEEGuideforTestProceduresforThermalEvaluationofInsulationSystemsforSolidCastandResin-EncapsulatedPowerandDistributionTransformers.

IEEEStdC57.12.80TM,IEEEStandardTerminologyforPowerandDistributionTransformers.

IEEEStdC57.12.91TM,IEEEStandardTestCodeforDry-TypeDistributionandPowerTransformers.

IEEEStdC57.96TM,IEEEGuideforLoadingDry-TypeDistributionandPowerTransformers.

IEEEStdC57.124TM,IEEERecommendedPracticefortheDetectionofPartialDischargeandthe

MeasurementofApparentChargeinDry-TypeTransformers.

IEEEStdC62.22TM,IEEEGuideforApplicationofMetal-OxideSurgeArrestersforAlternating-CurrentSystems.

3.Definitions

定义

Standardtransformerterminology,whichisavailableinIEEEStdC57.12.805,shallapply.OtherelectricaltermsaredefinedinTheAuthoritativeDictionaryofIEEEStandardsTerms,SeventhEdition.

本标准用到标准IEEEStdC57.12.805中的术语，其它的电气术语在TheAuthoritativeDictionaryofIEEEStandardsTerms,SeventhEdition中被定义。

4.Serviceconditions

使用条件

4.1Usualserviceconditions

正常使用条件

4.1.1General

一般

Transformersconformingtothisstandardshallbesuitableforoperationatratedpowerundertheusual

serviceconditionsin4.1.2through4.1.9.

为了保证变压器在额定容量下运行，变压器应符合4.1.2~4.1.9条。

4.1.2Temperature

温度

Thetemperatureofthecoolingair（ambienttemperature）shallnotexceed40ºC,andtheaveragetemperatureofthecoolingairforany24-hourperiodshallnotexceed30ºC.Theminimumambienttemperatureshallnotbelowerthan–30ºC.Forspecialambienttemperaturesbelow–30°C,see4.2.1and4.2.6.

环境温度不能超过40ºC，日平均环境温度不能超过30ºC，最低环境温度不能低于–30ºC，在特殊情况下可以低于–30°C，看4.2.1和4.2.6条。

4.1.3Altitude

海拔

Thealtitudeshallnotexceed1000m（3300ft）.

海拔不能超过1000米（3300英尺）。

4.1.4Supplyvoltage

提供电压

Thesupply-voltagewaveshapeshallbeapproximatelysinusoidal,andthephasevoltagesupplyingapolyphasetransformershallbeapproximatelyequalinmagnitudeandofapproximateequaltimephaseindisplacement.

电压波形应该近似于正弦波，多相变压器的每相电压值要近似相等，相位角的位移时间要近似相等。

4.1.5Loadcurrent

负载电流

Theloadcurrentshallbeapproximatelysinusoidal.Theharmonicfactorshallnotexceed0.05perunit.

负载电流应该也近似正弦波，每单元的谐波因数不超过0.05。

NOTE—HarmonicfactorisdefinedinIEEEStdC57.12.80.

谐波因数在标准IEEEStdC57.12.80中有定义。

4.1.6Operationaboveratedvoltage

运行电压超过额定电压

Transformersshallbecapableof

变压器应该能

a）Operatingcontinuouslyaboveratedvoltageorbelowratedfrequency,atmaximumrated

kilovolt-amperesforanytap,withoutexceedinglimitsofobservabletemperaturerisewhen

secondaryvoltageandvoltsperhertzdoesnotexceed105%ofratedvalues,loadpowerfactoris80%orhigher,andfrequencyisatleast95%ofratedvalue.

在任何分接的最大额定容量下，连续运行电压高于额定电压或低于额定频率，当次级电压和电压频率不能超过105％时，不能超过变压器的温升限值，功率因数是80％或者更高，频率最少是额定频率的95％。

b）Operatingcontinuouslyaboveratedvoltageorbelowratedfrequencyonanytapatnoload,withoutexceedinglimitsofobservabletemperaturerisewhenneitherthevoltageorvoltsper

hertzexceed110%ofratedvalues.

空载时在任何分接下，连续运行电压高于额定电压或低于额定频率，当电压和电压频率两者都不能超过额定值的110％时，不能超过变压器的温升限值。

ThemaximumcontinuoustransformeroperatingvoltageshouldnotexceedthelevelsspecifiedinANSIC8