新世纪高等院校英语专业综合教程第2版第3册综合英语3第一单元知识点及课后答案.docx

新世纪高等院校英语专业综合教程第2版第3册综合英语3第一单元知识点及课后答案.docx

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新世纪高等院校英语专业综合教程第2版第3册综合英语3第一单元知识点及课后答案

Unit1

●GlobalReading

✧StructuralAnalysisoftheText

Thistextisapieceofnarrativewriting,inwhichtheauthortellsaboutherexperienceduringthefirstyearatuniversity,whichatfirstseemstobeveryawkwardbutturnsouttobeontherighttrackatlast.

Inthetext,threeincidentsarenarratedbytheauthor:

1）thefirstisabouthergoingintothewrongclassroom;2）thesecondisaboutherfallingdowninthecafeteria;3）thelastisaboutherwitnessingthesameembarrassingfallhappeningtosomeoneadmiredbyher.

Despitethedifferencesbetweenthesethreeincidents,theyactuallyrevolvearoundonetheme:

Thegrowthoftheauthor,whoisabletodrawlessonsfromthemistakesshehasmadeandfinallysucceedsinadjustingherselftothecollegelife.

✧RhetoricalFeaturesoftheText

Detaileddescriptionsofeventsareeverywheretobeseeninthistext,whichisadominantfeatureofnarrativewriting.Sincethedescriptionofaneventwillinvolvealotofmovementsoractions,compoundsentencesandcompound-complexsentenceshavebeenusedfrequentlyinthetext.

Forexamples:

IfirstbegantowonderwhatIwasdoingonacollegecampusanywaywhenmyparentsdroveoff,leavingmestandingpitifullyinaparkinglot,wantingnothingmorethantofindmywaysafelytomydormroom.（Paragraph1）

Isettledintomychairandtriedtoassumethescientificposeofabiologymajor,bendingslightlyforward,tensingmyarmsinpreparationforfuriousnote-taking,andcursingundermybreath.（Paragraph5）

●DetailedReading

✧Questions

1.Whydidtheauthorhavetheimpressionthat“everyoneoncampuswaswatchingme”?

（Paragraph1）

→Theauthor,beingover-sensitive,wasuneasywithheridentityasafreshman.Shethoughtanewstudentwouldattractothers’attention,aswhatshedidorsaidwasliabletobetoonaïvetoberight.Thatfeelingisatypicalsymptomoflackinginself-confidence.

2.Whydidtheauthorexclaim“Whatconfidence,whatreserve,whatmuscles!

”whenshesawthefootballplayer?

（Paragraph2）

→Collegelifewasanewexperiencetotheauthor.Thatshemarveledattherealfootballplayershowedherexcitementabouthernewlife.Andmoreimportantly,herresponserevealedheradmirationofanimagewhichwasalmostexactlytheoppositeofherown.Thisadmirationwouldlaterbecomethemotivationofherchange.

3.HowmanyquestionsareusedinParagraphs3,4and5?

Whydoestheauthorraisethesequestions?

→Fourellipticalquestionsareusedintheseparagraphs.Beingafreshman,theauthorwasnotwellacquaintedwithcampuslife.Shewasatalossastowhattodowhensomethingunexpectedhappened.Thesequestionsareusedtoshowherbewilderment.

4.Whydidshedineonjunkfoodforthenextthreedays?

（Paragraphs6-8）

→Becauseshethoughtshehadbecomethelaughing-stockoncampus.Shecouldn’tstandbeinglaughedatbyallthestudentswhensheturnedupinthecafeteria.

5.WhatwasthekeylessonEvelynHeraldlearnedduringherfirstfewweeksincollege?

（Paragraphs10-14）

→Thekeylessonshelearnedduringherfirstfewweeksincollegewasthatsherealizedshedidn’thavetopaytoomuchattentiontowhatotherpeoplewerethinkingabouther.Thefreshcampuslifewasherbigchancetodoherownthingsandbeherownperson.Shemightwellrelaxherselfandstopworryingaboutmakingmistakesbecausepeopleallgrowbytrialanderror.

✧Groupdiscussion:

WhatlessonshaveyoulearnedfromEvelyn’sexperiencesafterreadingthearticle“FreshStart”?

Sharetheexperienceswhenyoufirstcametocollege.

✧WordsandExpressions

Paragraph1

distincta.

clearlyseen,heard,felt,understood,etc.;noticeable

e.g.Nowthatthebosswasnolongerpresent,therewasadistinctchangeinherattitude.

Thechildrenhavedistinctmemoriesoftheirgrandfatherinhislastdays.

Comparison:

distinct&distinctive

distinct:

Somethingthatisdistinctcanclearlybeseen,heard,smelled,etc.

e.g.Thereisadistinctsmellofbeerinthisroom.

distinctive:

Itmeanshavingaspecialquality,character,orappearancethatisdifferentandeasytorecognize.

e.g.Beerhasaverydistinctivesmell;it’squitedistinctfromthesmellofwine.

Practice:

Oneofthe_________featuresofthisbookisits__________illustrations.

本书特点之一就是具有清楚明了的图解。

（Keys:

distinctive,distinct）

Paragraphs2-9

clutchvt.holdorgrasptightly;vi.trytograsporseize

e.g.Thefrightenedwomanclutchedherbagstoherbreast.

Heclutchedattheropewehadthrowntohimbutcouldnotreachit.

Synonyms:

seize,grasp

e.g.Sheseizedmyarmasshefell.

grasptheessence/mainpoints

glimpsen.

①aquicklookatsb.orsth.

e.g.Icaughtaglimpseofournewneighbor.

②ashortexperienceofsth.thathelpsyoubegintounderstandit

e.g.Herworriedfacegavemeaglimpseofhertruefeelings.

她的忧伤表情使我感受到她内心的真实感情。

reserven.

aqualityinsb.’scharacterthatmakethemnotlikeexpressingtheiremotionsortalkingabouttheirproblems

e.g.Beingamanofreserve,Mr.Yorkwasneverpopularwithhiscolleagues.

Judyhastriedeverymeanstobreakthroughthereserveofherstepson.

Derivation：

reserveda.

e.g.TheEnglishhaveareputationforbeingreserved.

whereabouts

n.approximatelocation;ad.usedtoaskinwhatgeneralareasth.orsb.is

e.g.Theorphan’swhereaboutsis/arestillunknown.

Thepolicehaveappealedforinformationconcerningthewhereaboutsofthestolencarusedintherobbery.

Whereaboutsdidyougrowup?

demeanorn.

thewaysb.behaves,dresses,speaks,etc.thatshowswhattheircharacterislike

Practice:

①他的举止沉着、稳健。

Hisdemeanorwasclamandsteady.

②这个女孩子的态度娴静而谦逊。

Thegirlhasaquiet,modestdemeanor.

scribble（down）v.

writesth.quicklyanduntidily

e.g.Iscribbledhisphonenumberinmyaddressbook.

Hescribbleddownournames.

gropev.

①trytofindsth.thatyoucannotseebyfeelingwithyourhands

Collocations:

gropefor

e.g.Ginnygropedforherglassesonthebedsidetable.

gropearound

e.g.Wegropedaroundinthedarkness.

②gosomewherebyfeelingthewaywithyourhandsbecauseyoucannotsee

Collocations:

gropeyourwayalong/across,etc.

e.g.Iwasgropingmywayblindlythroughthetrees.

tipoff.

giveanadvancedwarningorhintto

e.g.Somebodymusthavetippedtheburglarsoffthatthehousewouldbeempty.

Thepolicewastippedoffabouttherobbery.

goody（pl.goodies）n.

①sth.thatisnicetoeat

e.g.Weboughtlotsofgoodiesforthepicnic.

②sth.attractive,pleasant,ordesirable

e.g.Thecompetitiongivesyouthechancetowinallsortsofgoodies.

Variantspelling:

（BritishEnglish）goodie

flailv.

（causesth.to）waveorswingaboutwildly

e.g.Iflailedmyarmstogetherattention.

Thebaby’sfeetflailedunderthequilt.

rearend

（informal）thepartofyourbodywhichyousiton

sneakv.

gosomewheresecretlyandquietlyinordertoavoidbeingseenorheard

Collocation:

sneakin/out/away/off

e.g.Theysneakedoffwithoutpaying!

Shesnuckoutofthehouseonceherparentswereasleep.

Synonym:

creep

crunchy-chewy-salty-sweetbite

Herethemodifier“crunchy-chewy-salty-sweet”describesthetextureandtasteofthefastfood,whichiscrunchy,chewy,saltyandsweet.

Wordformation:

Thefouradjectivesarechainedupwithhyphenstoformanewmodifierplacedbeforeanoun.

e.g.ared-hotnewsstory

anall-roundathlete

tiptoev.

walkquietlyandcarefullyonyourtoes,sothatnobodyhearsyou

e.g.Hismothertiptoedintotheroom.

Itiptoedalongthecorridor.

Collocation:

tiptoearound（sth.）:

trytoavoiddealingwithadifficultorembarrassingsubjectorproblem

e.g.Theyweretiptoeingaroundthedelicatesubjectofmoney.

poor（old）soul

usedtoshowpityforsb.

e.g.Thepooroldsoulhadfallenandbrokenherhip.

spaghetti意大利式细面条atypeofpastainverylongthinpieces,thatiscookedinboilingwater

macaroni通心粉atypeofpastaintheshapeofsmalltubes.

tagliatelle意大利干面条atypeofpastathatiscutintoverylongthinflatpieces

goouttosb.usedtosaythatsomeonefeelsalotofsympathytowardsanotherperson

e.g.HisheartwentouttoMrs.Bradshawandherfatherlesschild.

grinv.

showthatyouareveryhappyorpleasedbysmilingwidely

Collocation:

grinfromeartoear:

grinverywidely

slinkv.

goormoveinaquiet,stealthyway;moveasifonefeelsguiltyorashamed,ordoesnotwanttobeseen

e.g.Shetriedtoslink（=sneak）outoftheofficesothatnobodywouldseeher.

Thecatslunk（=sneaked）throughthegrasstowarditsprey.

Paragraphs10-14

maliciousa.

veryunkindandcruel,anddeliberatelybehavinginawaythatislikelytoupsetorhurtsb.

e.g.amaliciousremark

maliciousgossip

Derivation：

malice（n.）:

adesiretoharmsb.becauseyouhatethem

e.g.Hediditthroughmalice.

Iamquitecertainthathiswifebearsmaliceto/towards/against（=feelscontinuingdislikefor）me.

runwiththecrowd

Comparisonandtranslation

Anindependentman,Peternevergoeswiththetide.

彼得是个有主见的人，从不随大流。

Youcandowhatyouwanttodo,butneverfollowthecrowd.

你想做什么就做什么，可别随大流。

Haithasn’tgotamindofhisownonanymatterofimportance;hejustswimswiththetide.

海特在任何重要问题上都没有自己的主见，他只是随大流。

Sheisalwaysfallingintolinewiththemajority.

她总是随大流。

shacklen.

ametalfastening,usuallyoneofapair,forencirclingandconfiningtheankleorwristofaprisonerorcaptive;（fig.）arestraintorchecktoactionorprogress,oftenusedinthepluralform.

e.g.Thepolicemanplacedshacklesonthesuspect’shands.

Itishardtobreakthroughtheshacklesofhabit.

✧Sentences

Paraphrase/explanation

1.IttookeverythingIhadnottostarewhenIcaughtmyfirstgli