翻译硕士考研川大外院《翻译硕士英语》考研真题.docx

翻译硕士考研川大外院《翻译硕士英语》考研真题.docx

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翻译硕士考研川大外院《翻译硕士英语》考研真题

翻译硕士考研2022川大外院《翻译硕士英语》考研真题

四川大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

PassageB

“Howmanycopiesdoyouwantprinted,Mr.Greeley?

”

“Fivethousand!

”Theanswerwassnappedbackwithouthesitation.

“But,sir,”thepressforemanprotested,“wehavesubscriptionsforonlyfivehundrednewspapers.”

“We’llsellthemorgivethemaway.”

Thepressesstartedrolling,sendingathunderingnoiseoutoverthesleepingstreetsofNewYorkCity.TheNewYorkTribunewasborn.

Thenewspaper’sfounder,owner,andeditor,HoraceGreeley,anxiouslysnatchedthefirstcopyasitcameslidingoffthepress.Thiswashisdreamofmanyyearsthatheheldinhishand.Itwasaspreciousasachild.Itsbirthwastheresultofyearsofpoverty,hardwork,anddisappointments.

HardluckandmisfortunehadfollowedHoraceallhislife.HewasbornofpoorparentsonFebruary3,1811,onasmallfarminNewHampshire.Duringhisearlychildhood,theGreeleyfamilyrarelyhadenoughtoeat.Theymovedfromonefarmtoanotherbecausetheycouldnotpaytheirdebts.YoungHorace’sonlyboyhoodfunwasreading—whenhecouldsnatchafewmomentsduringalongworkingday.

“TheprintedwordalwaysfascinatedHorace.Whenhewasonlytenyearsold,heappliedforajobasanapprenticeinaprintingshop.Buthedidn’tgetthejobbecausehewastooyoung.

Fouryearslater,HoracewalkedelevenmilestoEastPoultneyinVermonttoansweranad.ApapercalledtheNorthernSpectatorhadajobforaboy.Theeditoraskedhimwhyhewantedtoboaprinter,Horacespokeupboldly:

“Because,sir,IwanttolearnallIcanaboutnewspapers.”

Theeditorlookedattheoddlydressedboy.Finallyhesaid,“You’vegotthejob,son.”

Forthefirstsixmonths,roomandboardwouldbetheonlypayforhiswork.Afterthat,hewouldgetroomandboardandfortydollarsayear.

Horacehurriedhometoshoutthegoodnewstohisfamily.Whenhegotthere,helearnedthathisfamilywasabouttomoveagain—thistimetoPennsylvania.Horacedecidedtostayandwork.Mrs.Greeleyhatedleavinghersonbehind,butgaveherconsent.TwiceduringhisapprenticeshipHoracewalkedsixhundredmilestovisithisfamily.Eachtime,hetookallthemoneyhehadsavedandgaveittohisfather.

TheSpectatorfailedafterHoracehadspentfouryearsworkingforit.HejoinedhisfamilyinErie,Pennsylvania,andgotajobontheErieGazette.Halfthemoneyheearnedhegavetohisfamily.TheotherhalfhesavedtogotoNewYork.

Whenhewastwenty,HoracearrivedinNewYorkwithtendollarsinhispocket.Hewasturneddowntwicewhenheaskedforajob.FinallyhebecameatypesetterforJohnTWest’sPrintery.TheonlyreasonHoracegotthejobwasthatitwassodifficultotherprinterswouldn’ttakeit.HisjobwastosetaverysmalleditionoftheBible.Horacealmostruinedhiseyesatthatjob.

AsyoungGreeley’sskillgrew,betterjobscamehisway.Hecouldhaveboughtbetterclothesandmovedoutofhisdingyroom.Buthewasusedtobeingpoor,andhishabitsdidnotchangeHespentpracticallynothingonhimself.EvenafterhisTribunebecameasuccess,helivedasifhehadn’tenoughmoneyforhisnextmeal.

TheTribunegrewandthrived.ItwasunlikeanynewspapereverprintedbeforeintheUnitedStates.Greeleystartedanewtypeofjournalism.HisnewsstoriesweretruthfulandaccurateHiseditorialsattackedaswellaspraised.Manypeopledisagreedwithwhathewrote,butstilltheyreadit.TheTribunebecameAmerica’sfirstnationwidenewspaper.ItwasreadaseagerlyintheMidwestandFarWestasitwasintheEast.Greeley’sthunderingeditorialsbecamethemostpowerfulvoiceintheland.

GreeleyandhisTribunefoughtformanycauses.Hewasthefirsttocomeoutfortherightofwomentovote.HisTribunewastheleaderindemandingprotectionforhomesteadsintheWest.Hearousedthenorthinthefightagainstslavery.DuringadepressionintheEast,joblessmenaskedwhattheycoulddotosupportthemselves.SaidGreeley:

“GoWest,youngman,goWest!

”

AstheTribunegainedmorepower,GreeleybecamemoreinterestedinpoliticsHeledinformingandnamingtheRepublicanParty.He,morethananyotherman,wasresponsibleforAbrahamLincoln’sbeingnamedtorunforPresident.

HoraceGreeleywasfirstofallasuccessfulnewspaperman.Hewasalsoapowerfulpoliticalleader.Buthewasnotapopularman.In1872heranforPresidentagainstUlyssesSGrant.Grantwasre-electedbyanoverwhelmingmargin.

Greeleywasthenindeepmourningovertherecentdeathofhiswife.Hewasheart-brokenoverlosingtheelection.Heneverrecoveredfromthedoubleblowonlyweeksafterhisdefeat,hediedinNewYorkCity.HisbelovedTribunelivedonafterhimasthemonumenthewanted.Justbeforedied,hewrote:

“IcherishthehopethatthejournalIprojectedandestablishedwillliveandflourishlongafterIshallhavemoulderedintoforgottendust,andthatthestonethatcoversmyashesmaybeartofutureeyesthestillintelligibleinscription,FounderoftheNewYorkTribune.”

6.Horacegladlyacceptedhisfirstjob______.

A.becauseofthekindofworkitwas

B.becauseofthehighsalaryoffered

C.becauseofthelocationoftheoffice

D.becamehecouldn’tfindanyotherjob

7.WhenHoracefoundedtheTribunehewas______.

A.alreadyarichandfamousnewspaperman

B.poor,butskilledinnewspaperwork

C.poor,buteagertolearnnewspaperwork

D.richandskilledinnewspaperwork

8.TheTribunewasdifferentfromallotherAmericanpapersbecauseitwas______.

A.availablebysubscriptiononly

B.printedinNewYorkcity

C.distributedthroughoutthenation

D.itofferedtheeditor’spersonalopinionsonly

9.BeforetheTribunewasfounded,newsreportingwas______.

A.honestbutuninteresting

B.distortedordishonest

C.almostunknown

D.interestingbutdistorted

10.Greeleyprobablyfeltthathisgreatestaccomplishmentwas______.

A.risingfrompovertytowealth

B.becomingapopularpoliticalleader

C.foundingtheNewYorkTribune

D.Alloftheabove

【答案与解析】

6.A 句意：

Horace很高兴地接受第一份工作的原因是这正是他想要的工作。

文章第九段最后一句，当Horace被问及为什么想做这份工作时，他回答“IwanttolearnallIcanaboutnewspapers”，说明这份工作正是他想要的，故选A。

文章第十一段说明这份工作开始仅提供食宿，排除B。

第十二段中提到Horace的家要搬到Pennsylvania，而这份工作是在Vermont（第九段第一句），有600英里之远，排除C项。

D项在文中没有提到。

7.D 句意：

Horace创办《论坛报》的时候已经很富有，并且熟悉报纸行业的各项技能。

文章第十五段开头提到，随着Greeley的技艺越来越好，他开始有好的工作机会，能够购置好的衣服并搬出昏暗的房子，由此可以得出Greeley当时技能纯熟，也很富有，排除B，C项，D项符合原文意思。

Greeley变得出名发生在其创办《论坛报》之后，A项错误。

8.C 句意：

《论坛报》同美国其他报纸的不同之处在于它在全国范围内发行。

倒数第六段第二句开始描述了《论坛报》与美国其他报纸的不同之处。

倒数第三句“TheTribunebecameAmerica’sfirstnationwidenewspaper.”，说明《论坛报》是第一份全国性的报纸，即当时唯一在全国发行的报纸，故选C。

9.B 句意：

《论坛报》成立之前，新闻报道是歪曲的或者不真实的。

倒数第六段第三、四“Greeleystartedanewtypeofjournalism.Hisnewsstoriesweretruthfulandaccurate”，即Greeley开创了新的报道方式，他的新闻故事真实而准确。

由此可以得出，这之前的报道不真实，选B。

10.C 句意：

Greeley可能认为他最大的成就是建立了《论坛报》。

文章第六段第二、三句“Thiswashisdreamofmanyyears...resultofyearsofpoverty,hardwork,anddisappointments.”说明了《论坛报》对Greeley的重要性，最后一段Greeley在死前写的一段话，说明自己希望在死后《论坛报》能够更好，因此最可能是他眼中自己最大的成就。

Section2 Answeringquestions（20’）

Directions:

ReadthefollowingpassagesandthenanswerINCOMPLETESENTENCESthequestionswhichfolloweachpassage.Useonlyinformationfromthepassageyouhavejustreadandwriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyouranswersheet.

Questions1～3

Atseveno’clockeachmorningabellsoundsintheredbrickbuildingsonthesteepbankoftheHudsonRiveratOssining,NewYork.Asitrings,anentire,separatetownofsome2300personscomestolife.ItistheprisontownofSingSing,aworldofmenwhoareconfinedbutalsoliving,working,playing—andhopingSingSingisatownthatlivesonhope.

Theseveno’clockbellisthesignalforSingSing’s1748inmatesand514manstafftobeginanotherroundofduties.Theprisonersrise,washanddress.Theymakeuptheirnarrowbedsarmy-styleandmakecertainthattheobjectsontheirdressersareregulationneat.By7:

15,whenguardscomealongtherunwaystounlocktheindividualcells,themenareready.Theyfileslowlytothemesshall,fallingintostepalongthewaywithfriendsandacquaintances.Eachmangrabsatrayandgetsabreakfastofoatmealwithmilkandsugar,bread,andcoffee;hetakeshisseatatoneofthelongrowsofeatingbenches,placesthetraybeforehim,andbeginshisbreakfastSostartsthedayinSingSing.

Breakfastover,themenfilefromthemesshallandunderthewatchfuleyesofguards,droptheireatingutensilsintoboxesprovidedatthedoors.Atfiveminutestoeighttheygooutsideinalong,chatteringlinedowntotheclusterofprisonworkshops.

Theprisonhasadualfunction:

ithasitsownpermanentpopulation,butitalsoservesasareceivingstationforthegreatflowofprisonersfromNewYorkCity.Heretheycometobeexamined,screened,andeventuallytransferredtoupstateinstitutions.

Forthefirsttwoweeks,thenewarrivalisputthroughaseriesofmental,physical,andpsychologicalexaminationsandgivencoursestopreparehimforprisonlife.Ineachbatchofnewprisonerstherearehardenedmenforwhomprisoncanservejustonefunction—toremovethemfromsocietyandkeepthemfromdoingfurtherharm.Butineachbatchtherearealsothosewhocanbehelpedandencouragedandturnedintolaw-abidingcitizens.Itistowardthesethatmostoftheeffortattheprisonisdirected.

SingSingisaschool,hospital,andfactoryaswellasaprisonifinitialtestsshowthatamanisilliterate,hegoestotheprisonschooltoreceivetheequivalentofaneighth-gradeeducationifheneedsmedicaltreatment,heissenttotheprisonhospital.Ifheshowssomespecialaptitude,orappearscapableoflearningatrade,heisassignedtoaregularjobinoneoftheshops.

Thes