翻译硕士考研川大外院《翻译硕士英语》考研真题.docx
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翻译硕士考研川大外院《翻译硕士英语》考研真题
翻译硕士考研2022川大外院《翻译硕士英语》考研真题
四川大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解
PassageB
“Howmanycopiesdoyouwantprinted,Mr.Greeley?
”
“Fivethousand!
”Theanswerwassnappedbackwithouthesitation.
“But,sir,”thepressforemanprotested,“wehavesubscriptionsforonlyfivehundrednewspapers.”
“We’llsellthemorgivethemaway.”
Thepressesstartedrolling,sendingathunderingnoiseoutoverthesleepingstreetsofNewYorkCity.TheNewYorkTribunewasborn.
Thenewspaper’sfounder,owner,andeditor,HoraceGreeley,anxiouslysnatchedthefirstcopyasitcameslidingoffthepress.Thiswashisdreamofmanyyearsthatheheldinhishand.Itwasaspreciousasachild.Itsbirthwastheresultofyearsofpoverty,hardwork,anddisappointments.
HardluckandmisfortunehadfollowedHoraceallhislife.HewasbornofpoorparentsonFebruary3,1811,onasmallfarminNewHampshire.Duringhisearlychildhood,theGreeleyfamilyrarelyhadenoughtoeat.Theymovedfromonefarmtoanotherbecausetheycouldnotpaytheirdebts.YoungHorace’sonlyboyhoodfunwasreading—whenhecouldsnatchafewmomentsduringalongworkingday.
“TheprintedwordalwaysfascinatedHorace.Whenhewasonlytenyearsold,heappliedforajobasanapprenticeinaprintingshop.Buthedidn’tgetthejobbecausehewastooyoung.
Fouryearslater,HoracewalkedelevenmilestoEastPoultneyinVermonttoansweranad.ApapercalledtheNorthernSpectatorhadajobforaboy.Theeditoraskedhimwhyhewantedtoboaprinter,Horacespokeupboldly:
“Because,sir,IwanttolearnallIcanaboutnewspapers.”
Theeditorlookedattheoddlydressedboy.Finallyhesaid,“You’vegotthejob,son.”
Forthefirstsixmonths,roomandboardwouldbetheonlypayforhiswork.Afterthat,hewouldgetroomandboardandfortydollarsayear.
Horacehurriedhometoshoutthegoodnewstohisfamily.Whenhegotthere,helearnedthathisfamilywasabouttomoveagain—thistimetoPennsylvania.Horacedecidedtostayandwork.Mrs.Greeleyhatedleavinghersonbehind,butgaveherconsent.TwiceduringhisapprenticeshipHoracewalkedsixhundredmilestovisithisfamily.Eachtime,hetookallthemoneyhehadsavedandgaveittohisfather.
TheSpectatorfailedafterHoracehadspentfouryearsworkingforit.HejoinedhisfamilyinErie,Pennsylvania,andgotajobontheErieGazette.Halfthemoneyheearnedhegavetohisfamily.TheotherhalfhesavedtogotoNewYork.
Whenhewastwenty,HoracearrivedinNewYorkwithtendollarsinhispocket.Hewasturneddowntwicewhenheaskedforajob.FinallyhebecameatypesetterforJohnTWest’sPrintery.TheonlyreasonHoracegotthejobwasthatitwassodifficultotherprinterswouldn’ttakeit.HisjobwastosetaverysmalleditionoftheBible.Horacealmostruinedhiseyesatthatjob.
AsyoungGreeley’sskillgrew,betterjobscamehisway.Hecouldhaveboughtbetterclothesandmovedoutofhisdingyroom.Buthewasusedtobeingpoor,andhishabitsdidnotchangeHespentpracticallynothingonhimself.EvenafterhisTribunebecameasuccess,helivedasifhehadn’tenoughmoneyforhisnextmeal.
TheTribunegrewandthrived.ItwasunlikeanynewspapereverprintedbeforeintheUnitedStates.Greeleystartedanewtypeofjournalism.HisnewsstoriesweretruthfulandaccurateHiseditorialsattackedaswellaspraised.Manypeopledisagreedwithwhathewrote,butstilltheyreadit.TheTribunebecameAmerica’sfirstnationwidenewspaper.ItwasreadaseagerlyintheMidwestandFarWestasitwasintheEast.Greeley’sthunderingeditorialsbecamethemostpowerfulvoiceintheland.
GreeleyandhisTribunefoughtformanycauses.Hewasthefirsttocomeoutfortherightofwomentovote.HisTribunewastheleaderindemandingprotectionforhomesteadsintheWest.Hearousedthenorthinthefightagainstslavery.DuringadepressionintheEast,joblessmenaskedwhattheycoulddotosupportthemselves.SaidGreeley:
“GoWest,youngman,goWest!
”
AstheTribunegainedmorepower,GreeleybecamemoreinterestedinpoliticsHeledinformingandnamingtheRepublicanParty.He,morethananyotherman,wasresponsibleforAbrahamLincoln’sbeingnamedtorunforPresident.
HoraceGreeleywasfirstofallasuccessfulnewspaperman.Hewasalsoapowerfulpoliticalleader.Buthewasnotapopularman.In1872heranforPresidentagainstUlyssesSGrant.Grantwasre-electedbyanoverwhelmingmargin.
Greeleywasthenindeepmourningovertherecentdeathofhiswife.Hewasheart-brokenoverlosingtheelection.Heneverrecoveredfromthedoubleblowonlyweeksafterhisdefeat,hediedinNewYorkCity.HisbelovedTribunelivedonafterhimasthemonumenthewanted.Justbeforedied,hewrote:
“IcherishthehopethatthejournalIprojectedandestablishedwillliveandflourishlongafterIshallhavemoulderedintoforgottendust,andthatthestonethatcoversmyashesmaybeartofutureeyesthestillintelligibleinscription,FounderoftheNewYorkTribune.”
6.Horacegladlyacceptedhisfirstjob______.
A.becauseofthekindofworkitwas
B.becauseofthehighsalaryoffered
C.becauseofthelocationoftheoffice
D.becamehecouldn’tfindanyotherjob
7.WhenHoracefoundedtheTribunehewas______.
A.alreadyarichandfamousnewspaperman
B.poor,butskilledinnewspaperwork
C.poor,buteagertolearnnewspaperwork
D.richandskilledinnewspaperwork
8.TheTribunewasdifferentfromallotherAmericanpapersbecauseitwas______.
A.availablebysubscriptiononly
B.printedinNewYorkcity
C.distributedthroughoutthenation
D.itofferedtheeditor’spersonalopinionsonly
9.BeforetheTribunewasfounded,newsreportingwas______.
A.honestbutuninteresting
B.distortedordishonest
C.almostunknown
D.interestingbutdistorted
10.Greeleyprobablyfeltthathisgreatestaccomplishmentwas______.
A.risingfrompovertytowealth
B.becomingapopularpoliticalleader
C.foundingtheNewYorkTribune
D.Alloftheabove
【答案与解析】
6.A 句意:
Horace很高兴地接受第一份工作的原因是这正是他想要的工作。
文章第九段最后一句,当Horace被问及为什么想做这份工作时,他回答“IwanttolearnallIcanaboutnewspapers”,说明这份工作正是他想要的,故选A。
文章第十一段说明这份工作开始仅提供食宿,排除B。
第十二段中提到Horace的家要搬到Pennsylvania,而这份工作是在Vermont(第九段第一句),有600英里之远,排除C项。
D项在文中没有提到。
7.D 句意:
Horace创办《论坛报》的时候已经很富有,并且熟悉报纸行业的各项技能。
文章第十五段开头提到,随着Greeley的技艺越来越好,他开始有好的工作机会,能够购置好的衣服并搬出昏暗的房子,由此可以得出Greeley当时技能纯熟,也很富有,排除B,C项,D项符合原文意思。
Greeley变得出名发生在其创办《论坛报》之后,A项错误。
8.C 句意:
《论坛报》同美国其他报纸的不同之处在于它在全国范围内发行。
倒数第六段第二句开始描述了《论坛报》与美国其他报纸的不同之处。
倒数第三句“TheTribunebecameAmerica’sfirstnationwidenewspaper.”,说明《论坛报》是第一份全国性的报纸,即当时唯一在全国发行的报纸,故选C。
9.B 句意:
《论坛报》成立之前,新闻报道是歪曲的或者不真实的。
倒数第六段第三、四“Greeleystartedanewtypeofjournalism.Hisnewsstoriesweretruthfulandaccurate”,即Greeley开创了新的报道方式,他的新闻故事真实而准确。
由此可以得出,这之前的报道不真实,选B。
10.C 句意:
Greeley可能认为他最大的成就是建立了《论坛报》。
文章第六段第二、三句“Thiswashisdreamofmanyyears...resultofyearsofpoverty,hardwork,anddisappointments.”说明了《论坛报》对Greeley的重要性,最后一段Greeley在死前写的一段话,说明自己希望在死后《论坛报》能够更好,因此最可能是他眼中自己最大的成就。
Section2 Answeringquestions(20’)
Directions:
ReadthefollowingpassagesandthenanswerINCOMPLETESENTENCESthequestionswhichfolloweachpassage.Useonlyinformationfromthepassageyouhavejustreadandwriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyouranswersheet.
Questions1~3
Atseveno’clockeachmorningabellsoundsintheredbrickbuildingsonthesteepbankoftheHudsonRiveratOssining,NewYork.Asitrings,anentire,separatetownofsome2300personscomestolife.ItistheprisontownofSingSing,aworldofmenwhoareconfinedbutalsoliving,working,playing—andhopingSingSingisatownthatlivesonhope.
Theseveno’clockbellisthesignalforSingSing’s1748inmatesand514manstafftobeginanotherroundofduties.Theprisonersrise,washanddress.Theymakeuptheirnarrowbedsarmy-styleandmakecertainthattheobjectsontheirdressersareregulationneat.By7:
15,whenguardscomealongtherunwaystounlocktheindividualcells,themenareready.Theyfileslowlytothemesshall,fallingintostepalongthewaywithfriendsandacquaintances.Eachmangrabsatrayandgetsabreakfastofoatmealwithmilkandsugar,bread,andcoffee;hetakeshisseatatoneofthelongrowsofeatingbenches,placesthetraybeforehim,andbeginshisbreakfastSostartsthedayinSingSing.
Breakfastover,themenfilefromthemesshallandunderthewatchfuleyesofguards,droptheireatingutensilsintoboxesprovidedatthedoors.Atfiveminutestoeighttheygooutsideinalong,chatteringlinedowntotheclusterofprisonworkshops.
Theprisonhasadualfunction:
ithasitsownpermanentpopulation,butitalsoservesasareceivingstationforthegreatflowofprisonersfromNewYorkCity.Heretheycometobeexamined,screened,andeventuallytransferredtoupstateinstitutions.
Forthefirsttwoweeks,thenewarrivalisputthroughaseriesofmental,physical,andpsychologicalexaminationsandgivencoursestopreparehimforprisonlife.Ineachbatchofnewprisonerstherearehardenedmenforwhomprisoncanservejustonefunction—toremovethemfromsocietyandkeepthemfromdoingfurtherharm.Butineachbatchtherearealsothosewhocanbehelpedandencouragedandturnedintolaw-abidingcitizens.Itistowardthesethatmostoftheeffortattheprisonisdirected.
SingSingisaschool,hospital,andfactoryaswellasaprisonifinitialtestsshowthatamanisilliterate,hegoestotheprisonschooltoreceivetheequivalentofaneighth-gradeeducationifheneedsmedicaltreatment,heissenttotheprisonhospital.Ifheshowssomespecialaptitude,orappearscapableoflearningatrade,heisassignedtoaregularjobinoneoftheshops.
Thes