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课时规范训练（十）

Part1　阅读理解提速练　（建议用时35′）

Ⅰ.阅读理解（共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）

A

（2017·江西八所重点中学联考）Lily，astudentofCambridgeUniversity，hasboughtabicycleandisworriedaboutsafety.Herfriend，Cathryn，foundthisarticleandsentittoher.

Howtomakeyourbicyclesafe?

Anumberofcrimesareagainstbicycles.About150，000bicyclesarestoleneveryyearandmostofthemareneverfound.Youcanpreventthisfromhappeningbyfollowingafewcarefulsteps.

BasicSecurity

Neverleaveyourbicycleinoutofthewayplaces.Alwayslockyourbicyclewhenyouleave.Secureittolamppostsortrees.Takeoffsmallerpartsandcarrythemwithyou，forexamplelightsandsaddles（车座）．

Locks

Therearevarioustypesoflocks.Buyonethathasbeentestedagainstattack.Askforarecommendationfromabikeshopowner.

Marking

Thesecuritymarkingofyourbikecanactasanobstructiontothieves，whichcanalsohelpthepolicefindyourbicycle.Yourpostcodeandyourhouseorflatnumbershouldbeincludedandclearlyrecorded.Thiswillprovideasimplewaytoidentifyyourbicycle.

Registration

Therearemanycompaniesthatwillofferthesecuritymarkingtoyourbicycle.Theywillthenstoreyourregistrationnumberandpersonaldetailsintheircomputerdatabase.Ifyourbicycleisfound，itwillbeeasytocontactyou.

Attention

Keeparecordofthebicyclebyyourself:

itsproductionplace，modelandregistrationnumber.Youcaneventakeaphotographofit.Thiswillprovethebicyclebelongstoyou.

1．Whichpartofthearticlegivestheinformationonhowtolockyourbicyclewhenyouleave?

A．BasicSecurity.　　　　B．Locks.

C．Marking.D．Registration.

2．WhichoneisWRONGaboutthesecuritymarkingofabicycle?

A．Itcanensurethatthethieveswon'tstealthebike.

B．Somecompaniescanassistyouindoingthis.

C．Itcanhelpthepolicetofindandidentifythelostbike.

D．Thesecuritymarkingdatabasemakesiteasytogetintouchwiththeowner.

3．Thearticleadvisesyoutokeeparecordofyourbicycle．

A．bothinthebikeshopandyourcomputer

B．eitherinasecuritycompanyoryouruniversity

C．byyourselfandinacompanythatwilloffersecuritymarkingaswell

D．inthepolicestationaswellasamarketingcompany

4．Whichofthefollowinginformationmaynotbenecessarilyrecorded?

A．Yourpostcodeandpersonaldetails.

B．Boththetypeofthebikeanditspicture.

C．Theregistrationnumberofthebikeaswellasyouraddress.

D．Yourpersonalinformationandrecommendationinyourcomputerdatabase.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。

Lily的朋友Cathryn为她找了一篇文章，文章提供了一些保护自行车安全的建议。

1．解析：

选A。

细节理解题。

文章在BasicSecurity中提到“Alwayslockyourbicycle...lamppostsortrees.”即当你离开时如何锁自行车。

故A项正确。

2．解析：

选A。

正误判断题。

Marking部分提到“Thesecuritymarkingofyourbike...policefindyourbicycle.”，由此可知securitymarking能帮助警察找到你被偷的自行车，但不能保证贼不偷你的车子。

故A项表述错误。

3．解析：

选C。

推理判断题。

根据文章最后两段提到的“Therearemanycompaniesthatwillofferthesecuritymarkingtoyourbicycleputerdatabase.”和“Keeparecordofthebicyclebyyourself：

itsproductionplace，modelandregistrationnumber.”可知，文章建议你可以自己记录自行车的产地、型号和注册号，还可以让一个提供securitymarking的公司做记录。

故C项正确。

4．解析：

选D。

细节理解题。

根据文章最后三段中的“Yourpostcodeandyourhouseorflatnumbershouldbeincludedandclearlyrecorded.”“Theywillthenstoreyourregistrationnumberputerdatabase.”和“itsproductionplace，model...photographofit”可知，A、B、C三项的信息都需要记录，D项在文中未提及。

故选D项。

B

Attheageof13，aboylivinginSierraLeonecreatedbatteriesandgenerators（发电机）usingmaterialshepickeduparoundthehouseorfromdustbins.HehasimpressedexpertsintheU．S.

KelvinDoe，now19，isacompletelyselftaughtengineer.HemanageshisownfullystaffedcommunityradiostationinSierraLeonewherehebroadcastsnewsandplaysmusicunderthename“DJFocus”．Theradiostationispoweredbyageneratormadebyhimself，whileasimpleantenna（天线）letshisneighborhoodlistenin.

“TheycallmeDJFocusbecauseIbelieveifyoufocus，youcaninventsomethingperfectly，”Doesaid.

MIT，arespectedUSuniversity，discoveredDoeduringInnovateSalone，anationalhighschoolinnovation（创新）challengeheldinSierraLeonebyaninternationalorganizationcalledGlobalMinimum.DoctoralstudentDavidSengehrecognizedhisskillsrightaway.

“It'sveryinspirational，”Sengehsaid.“Hecreatedthingsjustbecauseheneededthem.”

BeforeattendingInnovateSalone，Doehadneverbeenmorethan10milesfromhome.WithSengeh'shelp，hejourneyedtoNewYorkforthe2012WorldMakerFaire，wherehejoineda“MeettheYoungMakers”discussiongroupwithfourAmericaninventors.

Doe'sreputationonlypromisedtogrowfromhere.SoonhegotanopportunitytopracticeintheInternationalDevelopmentInitiativeatMITandbecameaguesthostatHarvardSchoolofEngineeringandAppliedSciences，wherehehasgainedevenmorepracticalknowledgetohelphiscommunity.

“WhateverthingsI'velearnedhere，Iwillshareitwithmyfriends，colleaguesandlovedones，”Doesaid.

5．ThematerialsDoeusedare．

A．boughtcheaply　　　　B．obtainedeasily

C．madebyhimselfD．donatedbyothers

6．Doemadeinventionsmainlyto．

A．satisfyhisdemand

B．sellthemformoney

C．turnwasteintousefulthings

D．attracttheattentionofexperts

7．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDoe?

A．Patient，skillfulandeasygoing.

B．Kind，cleverandsingleminded.

C．Modest，helpfulandhardworking.

D．Productive，braveandwarmhearted.

【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。

KelvinDoe自学成才，利用简单易得的材料制作了很多东西满足自己和身边人的需要。

5．解析：

选B。

推理判断题。

根据第一段中的usingmaterialshepickeduparoundthehouseorfromdustbins不难推测，Doe利用的材料都简单易得。

6．解析：

选A。

细节理解题。

根据第五段中的Hecreatedthingsjustbecauseheneededthem.可知，他的发明创造只是因为他需要它们。

故选A。

7．解析：

选B。

推理判断题。

根据文中描述Doe帮社区建立广播站、被称为DJFocus以及参加创新挑战赛等可知，Doe为人善良、做事专心并聪明伶俐。

C

Somepeoplearelikehomingpigeons:

Dropthemoffanywhere，andthey'llfindtheirwayaround.Otherpeople，though，can'ttellwhenthey'reholdingamapupsidedown.Arethedirectionallychallengedjustbadlearners?

Notallofyournavigationalskillsarelearned.There'sevidencethatyoursenseofdirectionisinnate.Yourbrainhasspecialnavigationalneurons—headdirectioncells，placecells，andgridcells—andtheyhelpprogramyourinternalGPSwhenyou'rejustababy.

In2010，scientistscarriedoutanexperimenttostudybabyrats'neuralactivityintheirbrains.Althoughtheratswerenewborns，theresearchersdiscoveredthattheirheaddirectioncells（whichhelpthemrecognizethedirectionthey'refacing）werefullymature.Therats，itseemed，werebornwithasenseofdirection.Andtheyhadn'tevenopenedtheireyesyet!

Humans，ofcourse，arenotrats.Butthehippocampusthebrainregionresponsiblefornavigation—issimilarinmostmammals.Iftherat'scompassdevelopsthisway，thenit'slikelythatahuman'scompassdoes，too.

Ifwe'rebornwithasenseofdirection，thenwhyaresomepeoplesogoodatgettinglost?

Thescientistsfoundthatthetwoothercells—placeandgridcells—developedwithinthefirstmonth.Placecellsarethoughttohelpusformamentalmap，whilegridcellshelpusnavigatenewandunfamiliarplaces.Thetwocellsinteract—andthat'swherethetroublemightbe.

Peoplewhotookpartina2013studyplayedavideogamethatrequiredthemtotravelquicklybetweendifferentplaces.Monitoringtheirbrains，thescientistsfoundthatgridcellshelpedthegamerskeeptrackofwheretheywere—evenwithoutlandmarks.AccordingtoresearcherMichaelKahan，differencesinhowgridcellsworkmayhelpexplainwhysomepeoplehaveabettersenseofdirectionthanothers.

8．Whatdo“somepeople”inParagraph1referto?

A．Poorlearners.

B．Homingpigeonlovers.

C．Peoplegoodatusingmaps.

D．Peoplewithagoodsenseofdirection.

9．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?

A．Rats'hippocampusisdifferentfromthatofhumans.

B．Ratshaveanaturalabilitytorecognizedirections.

C．Ratsusuallyfindtheirwaywithoutopeningtheireyes.

D．Babyratshaveasmanyheaddirectioncellsasgrownups.

10．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetextaboutournavigationalneurons?

A．Placecellsletusknowhowtoreadamap.

B．Gridcellshelpusreachtheplacewearegoingto.

C．Theyhelpususeacompasswhenweloseourway.

D．Placeandgridcellsgrowlaterthanheaddirectioncells.

11．Whydosomepeoplegetlostsoeasily?

A．Theycan'trememberlandmarks.

B．Theyareunfamiliarwithnewplaces.

C．Theirgridcellscan'tworkverywell.

D．Theirabilitytofollowdirectionsispoor.

【语篇解读】　科学家发现，老鼠天生就有方向感。

由此猜测，人类天生也有方向感。

研究还发现，定位细胞对人们的方向感有很大影响。

8．解析：

选D。

推理判断题。

根据首段首句可知，有些人像信鸽一样，在任何地方丢下他们，他们都能找到回来的路。

因此，somepeople是指方向感好的人。

9．解析：

选B。

细节理解题。

根据第三段倒数第二句可知，老鼠天生就有辨别方向的能力。

10．解析：

选D。

推理判断题。

根据第五段第二句可知，位置和网格细胞在第一个月才发展。

而上文提到人类在出生时就已经有方向感了。

由此可知，位置和网格细胞的生长晚于headdirection细胞的生长。

11．解析：

选C。

推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句可知，有些人容易迷路是因为他们的网格细胞工作得不理想。

Ⅱ.七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

Holidaygiftbuyingcanfeelalittleempty，whenallofthoseendlesslists，longlinesattheshoppingcenteranddollarsspentleadtoa5minuteexcitementofflyingwrappingpaper.1.Thefollowingtipscanhelpmakegiftgivingmoremeaningfulforboththegiverandthereceiver.

1．Knowtheperson

Themostimportantthingintheexchangingofgiftsisthatitshowsyoureallyknowthepersonwell，andyoureallycareabouthim.2.

2．Donateintheirname

3．Researchsuggeststhathappierpeoplegivemoretoothers，andthatgivingmoremakespeoplehappier.Moreover，charityrelatedhappinessishighestwhenpeoplegiveinawaythatpromotessocialconnection.So，trygivingtothelessfortunateinsomeone'snamethisholidayseason.

3．Givehandmadegoodsorhandmedowns

4．Astudysuggeststhatpeoplefeelthathomemadeitemsshowmorelove，andloveiswhattheywanttoexpresstothegiftreceiver.

Familyheirlooms（传家宝）maybeanothergoodgiftoption.A2009studyfoundthatwhenfamilieshanddownevenaverydeperso