职称英语系列材料汇编.docx

职称英语系列材料汇编.docx

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职称英语系列材料汇编

职称英语考试阅读理解练习题集（五份）

2012年职称英语“保过”班，王霞老师再续冲关“保过”神话。

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（全国专业技术人员职称英语考试辅导材料汇编）

下面有5篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题，每个问题都有4个备选答案。

请仔细阅读短文，并根据短文回答后面的问题，从事个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案。

第一篇AStrangeFlight

Wewerelateasusual.Myhusbandhadinsistedonwateringtheflowersinthegardenbyhimself,andwhenhediscoveredthathecouldn'tmanage,heaskedmeforhelpatthelastmoment.Sonowwehadanhourtogettotheairport.Luckily,therewerenotmanycarsorbusesontheroadandwewereabletogettherejustintime.Wecheckedinandwentstraighttoabighalltowaitforflighttobecalled.Wewaitedandwaited,butnoannouncementwasmade.Weaskedforinformationandthegirltheretoldusthattheplanehadn'tevenarrivedyet.Intheend,therewasanotherannouncementtellingusthatpassengerswaitingforFlightLJ108couldgetafreemealvoucher（凭单）andthattheplanehadn'tleftSpainfortechnicalproblems.Wethoughtthatmeantthatifwasn'tsafefortheplanetofly.Wewaitedagainforalongtimeuntillateeveningwhenwewereaskedtoreportagain.Thistimeweweregivenvoucherstospendthenightinanearbyhotel.

Thenextmorningafterabadnightbecauseofalltheplanestakingoffandlanding,wewerereportedbacktotheairport.Guesswhathadhappenedwhilewewereasleep!

Ourplanehadarrivedandtakenoffagain.Alltheotherpassengershadbeenforgotten.Youcanimaginehowwefelt!

1.Theplanethewriterandherhusbandwouldtake

AcamefromSpainBpassedbySpainCwasgoingtoSpainDhadgonetoSpain

2.Theplanewasdelayed

Abyethebadweather.Bbythepassengers.Cbecauseofmanycarsonroad

Dbecausesomethingwaswrongwiththemachine.

3.Theywereinabighall,waitingfor

Athegirltogivetheminformation.Btheirflighttobeannounced.

Cthefreemealvoucher.Dotherpassengerstoarrive.

4.Thepassengersweregivenafreemealbecause

Atheyarrivedattheairportearly.Btheyhadn'thadamealyet.

Ctheyhadnomoneywiththem.Dtheirplanewasdelayed.

5.Theplanetookoffagain

Aassoonasithadarrived.Bafterallthepassengerswerewokenup.

CwhilethepassengersweresleepingDearlythenextmorning.

第二篇HairCare

Whetherthehairislongorshort,itmustberegularlybrushed（梳）andregularlywashed.Forgreasy（油性的）hair,especiallyiftheownerlivesinatown,itmaybenecessarytowashtheheadeveryfourtofivedays.Thosewithadryhaircanusuallygoalittlelonger,butthisisamatterfortheindividualtodecide.

Ifawomanisnotabletogotohairdresserveryoften,itisimportantthatshechoosesastyleshecaneasilymanageforherself,andthisnearlyalwaysmeansthatthefirstcutmustbeverystandard.Thesameappliestopermanent（永久的）waving.Idelay,thisshouldbecarriedoutthreeorfourtimesayear,sothatthehairnevergetsoutofhand.

Onethingwouldberememberedthough,thatis,whateveryouapplytotheheadcanhavesomeeffectupontheskinandthereforeanythingstrongshouldbeusedwithcare.Oryoumayusemilderproducts.Asforstyle,thismustbestudiedaccordingtowhatisthelatestfashionandalsotosuittheindividualatdifferenttimesofherlife.

Youngpeoplewhohasspotsorskintroublesontheirface,shouldtakeparticularcaretoensurethatthehairisbothcleananddoesnotcomeintocontactwiththeaffectedpieceofskin.Hairisverydifficulttokeepcompletelycleanandthereforeanyonerunningtheirhandsthroughtheirhairandafterwardstouchingtheirface,orlettingtheirhairfallovertheirfaces,mightspreadinfectionfromoneplacetoanother.Goodhairdoesalottotheeffectofaface,soifyouwanttolookcharming,pleasestartwithyourhair.

6.Accordingtothetext,themostbasicthingtodoinhaircareis

AtogotohairdressersveryoftenBtochoosemilderproductsforthehair.

Ctowashandbrushthehairregularly.Dtokeepthehairawayfromtheskintrouble

7.Thebesthairstylecanbeachievedby

Ahavingthehairdonethreeorfourtimesayear.

Bfollowingthelatestfashiontosuitone'sage.

Cnotcombingthehairwithhand.

Dnotapplyinganythingstrongtothehead.

8.Thethingyouwashyourhairwithmustbe

Ausedwithcare.Bverystrong.Cextremelymild.Dfashionable

9.Topreventthehairfrominfectingtheskin,we'dbetter

Akeepthehaircompletelyclean.

Bwashthehairveryoften.

Chavehaircutfourtimesayear.

Davoidcombingthehairwithourhands.

10."Thosewithadryhaircanusuallygoalittlelonger"meansifyourhairisdry

Ayoucanwalklinger.Byourhaircangrowlonger.

Cyoudon'thavetowashitsooften.Dyoucangrowtaller.

第三篇

TheGeneIndustry

Majorcompaniesarealreadyinpursuitofcommercialapplicationsofthenewbiology.Theydreamofplacingnxymse（酶）intheautomobiletomonitorexhaustnadsenddataompollutiontoamicroprocessorthatwillthenadjusttheengine.theyspeakofwhattheNewYorkTimecalls"metal-hungrymicrobse（微生物）thatmightbeusedtominevaluabletracemetalsfromoceanwater".Theyhavealreadydemandedandwontherighttopatentnewliteforms.

Nervouscritics,includingmanyscientists,worrythatthereifcorporate,national,international,andinter-scientificrivalryintheentirebiotechnologicalfield.Theycreateimagesnotofoilspills（溢出）,butof"microbespills"thatcouldspreaddiseaseanddestroyentirepopulations,Thecreationandaccidentalreleaseofextremelypoisonousmicrobes,however,ifonlyonecauseforalarm.Completelyrationalandrespectablescientistsaretalkingaboutpossibilitiesthatstaggertheimagination.

Shouldwebreedpeoplewithcow-likestomachssotheycandigestgrassandhay,therebyrelievingthefoodproblembymodifyingustoeatlowerdownonthefodchain?

shouldwebiologicallyalterworkerstofitthejobrequierement,forexample,creatingpilotswithfasterreactiontimesorassemblylineworkersdesignedtodoourmonotonousworkforus?

Shouldweattempttoeliminate"inferior"peopleandbreeda"super-race"?

（Hitlertriedthis,butwithoutthegeneticweaponrythatmaysoomissueformourfighiting?

Shouldweusegeneticforecastingtopreeliminate"unfit"babies?

Shouldwegrowreserveorgansforourselves,eachofushaving,asitwere,a"savingsbank"fullofsparekidney,livers,orhands?

Wildasthsesnotionsmaysound,everyonehasitdadvocates（andopposers）inthescientificcommunityaswellasitsstrikingcommercialapplication.Astwocriticsofgeneticengineering,JeremyRifkinandTedHoward,stateintheirbookWhoShouldPlayGod?

"BroadscalegeneticengineeringwillprobablybeintroducedtoAmericamuchthesamewaysaassemblylines,automobiles,vaccines,computersandalltheothertechnologies.Aseachnewgeneticadvanceb***mescommerciallypractical,anewconsumerneedwillbeexploitdeandamarketforthenewtechnologywillbecreated."

11.Accordingtothepassage,thenewbiologycouldpotentiallysolvethepollutionproblemofautomobilesby

Ausingmetal-bungrymicrobes.

Bmakinguseofenzymes.

Cadjustingtheengines.

Dpatentingnewlifeforms.

12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldmostprobablyworrythecriticsofthefollowingwouldmostprobablyworrythecriticsofthenewbiology?

AThemicrobesintheoceanwarter.

BThecreationandapplicationofbiologicalsolarcells

CTheaccidentaloilspills.

DTheunexpectedreleaseofdestructivemicrbes.

13.WhichofthefollowingpossibilitiesofthebiotechnologicalapplicationsisNOTmentionedinthethirdparagraph?

ADevelopingasavingsbankofone"sorangs.

BBreedingsoldiersforawar.

CProducingpeoplewithcow-likestomachs.

DUsinggeneticforecastingtocurtdiseases.

14.Accordingtothepassage,Hitlerhadattemptedto

Abiologicallychangethepilotstowinthewar.

Bdevelopgeneticfarmingforincreasingthefoodsupply.

Ckillthepeoplehethoughtofasbeinginferior.

Dencouragethedevelopmentofgeneticweaponsforthewar.

15.WhatistheimplicationofthesratementofJeremyRifkinandTedHoward?

AThecommercialapplicationsofgeneticengineeringareinevitable.

BLarge-scalegeneticengineeringhasoccurredintheUntiedStates.

CAmericansareproudoftheircomputers,automobilesandgenetictechnologies.

DThepotentialapplicationofeachnewgeneticadvanceshouldbecontrolled.

第四篇

PerfectCompetition

Perfectcompetitionexistsinanindustrythatcontainsmanyrelativelysamllfirmsproducingidenticalproducts.Themostimporthantcharacteristic（特征）ofaperfectlycompetitiveindustryifthatnosinglefirmhasanycontroloverprices.Thisimportantcharacteristicfollowsfromtwoassumptions（假设）.First,acompetitiveindustryiscomposedofmanyfirms,eachbeingverysamllrelativetothesizeoftheindustry.S***nd,everyfirminaperfectlycompetitiveindustryproducseexactlythesameproduct.

Firmsinperfectlycompetitiveindustriesdonotdifferentiate（区分）theirproducts,nordotheymakedecisionsaboutprice.Rather,eachfirmtakespricesasgiven-thatis,asdeterminedinthemarketbythelawsofsupplyanddemand-anddecidesolnyhowmuchtoproduceandhowtoproduceit.Giventheavailability（可得性）ofperfectsubstitutes,anyproductpricedoverthemarketpricewillnotbesold.

Inperfectcompetitionwealsoassumethatfirmscanfreelyenterandexittheindustry.Theassumptionoffreeentryimpliesthatiffirmsinanindustryareearningexcessivelyhighprofits,newfirmsthatseektodothesamethingarelikelytospringup.Fastfoodrestaurantsarequicktospringupwhenanewshoppingcenteropens.Whereprofitopportunitiespresentthemselves,w