中考英语阅读理解英语期末复习.docx
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中考英语阅读理解英语期末复习
2020-2021年中考英语阅读理解英语期末复习
一、初三英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)
1.阅读理解
Somepeoplethinkonlyschoolchildrendonotagreewiththeirparents,however,itisnottrue.
Communicationisaproblemforparentsandchildrenofallages.Ifit'shardforyoutocommunicatewithyourparents,don'tworryaboutit.Herearesomeadviceforyoutobridgethegenerationgap(代沟).
Don'targue(争辩)withyourparents.Don'tgettoyourparentswhenyouareangry.Yourparentsprobablywon'tconsideryourideasifyouareshoutingatthem.Andyoucan'texpressyourselfwellifyouareangry.Gosomeplacetocooloff.Makesureyouunderstandwhyyouareunhappy.Thenthinkaboutwhatyouwanttosaytoyourparents.Ifyoudon'tthinkyoucanspeaktothematthemoment,trywritingaletter.
Trytoreachacompromise(和解).Perhapsyouandyourparentsdisagreeonsomething.Youcankeepyourdisagreementandtryyourbesttoaccepteachother.Michael'smotherdidn'tagreewithhimaboutbuyingamotorcycle.Theyarguedoverit.Buttheyfinallycametoacompromise.Michaelboughtthemotorcycle,butonlydroveitoncertaindays.
Ofcourse,yourparentsmightrefusetocompromiseonsomething.Inthesesituations,itisespeciallyimportanttoshowloveandrespect(尊敬)tothem.Showingrespectwillkeepyourrelationshipstrong.
Talkaboutyourvalues.Thevaluesofyourparentsareprobablydifferentfromthoseofyourown.Tellyourparentswhatyoucareabout,andwhy.Understandingyourvaluesmighthelpthemseeyourpurposesinlife.
Agoodrelationshipwithyourparentscanmakeyouabetterandhappierperson.Itisworthhavingatry!
(1)Accordingtothepassagewhohaveacommunicationproblem?
A. parentsandotherpeople B. onlyschoolkidsandtheirparents
C. teachersandtheirstudents
D. parentsandchildrenofallages
(2)Howmanypiecesofadvicedoesthewritergiveustobridgethegenerationgap?
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 2.
(3)Theunderlinedword"bridge"inthepassagemeans"___________".
A. 建立 B. 消除 C. 通过 D. 到达
(4)Ifthevaluesofyourparentsaredifferentfromthoseofyours,you'dbetter___________.
A. arguewiththem B. keepawayfromthem
C. agreewiththemallthetime
D. tellyourparentswhatyoucareabout
(5)Thebesttitleforthepassageis___________.
A. Howtobridgethegenerationgap B. Howtodealwithfamilyproblems
C. Howtobegoodparents
D. Howtobeagoodchild
【答案】
(1)D
(2)C
(3)B
(4)D
(5)A
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
短文讲了家长和孩子之间有代沟,主要原因就是缺少沟通,当我们彼此了解了对方的观点和想法以后,就能很容易的理解对方,从而消除代沟。
(1)细节理解题。
根据第二段第一句Communicationisaproblemforparentsandchildrenofallages,对于父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说,交流是个问题,可知交流是父母与孩子的问题。
故选D。
(2)细节归纳题。
根据整篇文章内容及其第三段第一句Don'targue(争辩)withyourparents。
不要和你的父母争论。
第四段句子Trytoreachacompromise(和解)。
试图达成妥协。
第六段句子Talkaboutyourvalues。
谈论你的价值观。
可知一共说了三点建议。
故选C。
(3)词义猜测题。
根据上下文Ifit'shardforyoutocommunicatewithyourparents,don'tworryaboutit。
Herearesomeadviceforyoutobridgethegenerationgap(代沟)"如果你很难和你的父母沟通,不要担心,这里有一些建议可以帮助你…代沟。
可知作者提供的是如何消除代沟的建议,结合选项,即这里有一些建议可以帮助你消除代沟,所以bridge意为消除。
故选B。
(4)细节理解题,根据倒数第二段句子"Thevaluesofyourparentsareprobablydifferentfromthoseofyourown。
Tellyourparentswhatyoucareabout,andwhy。
"你父母的价值观可能与你自己的价值观不同。
告诉你的父母你关心什么,为什么。
可知让父母了解你的价值观,可以帮助父母更加的了解你,故选D。
(5)标题归纳题。
根据整篇文章内容及其第二段句子Communicationisaproblemforparentsandchildrenofallages。
Ifit'shardforyoutocommunicatewithyourparents,don'tworryaboutit。
Herearesomeadviceforyoutobridgethegenerationgap(代沟)。
对于父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说,交流是个问题,如果你很难和你的父母沟通,不要担心,这里有一些建议可以帮助你消除代沟。
可知本文主要介绍怎样消除代沟的建议,对消除代沟提出一些建议,故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型,细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案;主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出主题句。
2.根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
B
Peopleallhaveproblems.Ifwedon'tdealwiththeseproblems,wecaneasilybecomeunhappy.Worryingaboutourproblemscanaffecthowwedoatschool.Itcanalsoinfluencethewaywebehavewithourfamilies.Sohowdowedealwithourproblems?
Therearemanywaysandhereisoneofthem
Mostofushaveprobablybeenangrywithourfriends,parentsorteachers.Perhapstheysaidsomethingyoudidn'tlike,oryoufelttheywereunfair.Sometimespeoplecanstayangryforyearsaboutasmallproblem.Timegoesby,andgoodfriendshipmaybelost.
Whenweareangry,however,weareusuallytheonesaffected.Perhapswehaveseenyoungchildrenplayingtogether.Sometimestheyhavedisagreements,anddecidenottotalktoeachother.However,thisusuallydoesnotlastforlong.Thisisanimportantlessonforustolearn.
(1)Whatisthewriter?
A. Ashopkeeper.
B. Adoctor.
C. Astudent.
D. Adentist.
(2)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A. Howtodealwithproblems.
B. Howtodoatschool.
C. Howtobehavewithfamilies.
D. Howtotalktoeachother.
(3)Whatwillhappenifpeoplestayangryforlongaccordingtothetext?
A. Theyfeelunfair. B. Theymaygetsick.
C. Goodfriendshipmaybelost.
D. Theymaymisseachother.
(4)Childrendecidenottotalktoeachotherprobablybecause_______.
A. theybecomeunhappy
B. theyhavedifferentideas
C. theyworryaboutasmallproblem D. theywantdisagreements
(5)Fromthepassage,weknowanimportantlessonforusis
A. playingtogether
B. learningtoforget
C. stayingangry
D. feelingunfair
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)C
(4)B
(5)B
【解析】【分析】人与人之间难免会有磕磕碰碰,相处的时候出现了问题怎么办?
本文告诉我们怎样处理与人相处时的问题。
⑴推理判断l.根据第一段Worryingaboutourproblemscanaffecthowwedoatschool.可知作者是一个学生。
不是店主、医生或牙医。
故选C。
⑵主旨大意。
根据文章第一段Peopleallhaveproblems.Ifwedon'tdealwiththeseproblems,wecaneasilybecomeunhappy.可知问题讨论如何处理问题,故选A。
⑶根据Sometimespeoplecanstayangryforyearsaboutasmallproblem.Timegoesby,andgoodfriendshipmaybelost可知为小事长时间生气会失去好朋友。
故选C。
⑷根据Sometimestheyhavedisagreements,anddecidenottotalktoeachother.可知小孩不说话是因为他们有分歧。
故选B。
⑸归纳总结。
根据最后一句话Thisisanimportantlessonforustolearn.可知长时间生气不好,所以要学会遗忘。
故选B。
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力,答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词,在文章中寻找答案。
3.阅读与回答问题。
CCTVreportedthateveryyearChinesepeoplethrowawayalotoffoodwhichcanfeed200millionpeopleforayear.
Dowehavetoomuchfood?
Ofcoursenot.AccordingtotheUNWorldFoodProgramme,therewere900millionhungrypeopleallovertheworldin2013.Aboutsixmillionchildrendieofhungereveryyear.
Sothinkaboutit.Weshouldsaynotopeoplewhowastefoodeveryday.Anoldsayinggoes,“Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork.”Ittellsuseverybodymustsavefood.
Luckily,anumberofpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofsavingfood.LiHong,awaitressinarestaurantinJiangsu,oncelostherjobbecauseshetooksomeleftover(剩余的)foodhomeforherson.Butmanypeoplewerebyhersideandcriticized(批评)thewasteoffood.
Whatshouldwedoinourdailylifetostopwastingfood?
Wecandomanythingstopreventitfromhappening.Herearesometips:
Don'tordertoomuchfoodinarestaurant.Onlyorderasmuchasyoucaneat.Ifyoucan'teatallthefoodyouorder,taketherestofithome.
Don'tbetoopicky(挑剔的)aboutfood.Somefoodmaynotbetasty,butputbodyneedit.
Don'tkeeptoomuchfoodathome,especiallyforfruitandvegetables.
(1)Howmanyhungrypeoplewerethereovertheworldin2013?
(2)WhydidLiHongloseherjob?
(3)Whatshouldyoudoifyoucan’teatallthefoodyouaskfor?
(4)Canyoukeeptoomuchfoodathome?
(5)What'sthemainideaofthepassage?
【答案】
(1)About900million
(2)Becauseshetooksomeleftoverfoodhomeforherson.
(3)I/Wecantaketherestofithome.
(4)No,I/Wecan't.
(5)Thereasonswecan'twastefoodandthewaystostopwastingfood.
【解析】【分析】据联合会世界粮食计划署的报告,2013年世界上仍然有9亿人在挨饿。
因此我们不要再浪费粮食了。
文中给了一些关于节约粮食的建议。
⑴细节理解。
根据第二段第二句therewere900millionhungrypeopleallovertheworldin2013.可知答案是About900million
⑵细节理解。
根据第三段第二句LiHong,awaitressinarestaurantinJiangsu,oncelostherjobbecauseshetooksomeleftover(剩余的)foodhomeforherson.可知答案是Becauseshetooksomeleftoverfoodhomeforherson.
⑶细节理解。
根据第第六段Ifyoucan’teatallthefoodyouorder,taketherestofithome.所以答案是:
I/Wecantaketherestofithome.
⑷细节理解。
根据最后一段Don’tkeeptoomuchfoodathome,especiallyforfruitandvegetables.可知回答应该是:
No,I/Wecan't.
⑸主旨大意。
本文讲述了世界上有很多人在挨饿,我们不要浪费粮食以及节约粮食的具体做法。
故答案是:
Thereasonswecan'twastefoodandthewaystostopwastingfood.
【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章,然后根据题目要求作答,注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。
在文章中找不到答案时,要完全理解句子,根据同义词,句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词,短语或者句子的词。
4.阅读理解
It'shardtoturndownatastybanana.Theytastegoodandyoudon'thavetowashthembeforeeatingthem.However,Britishscientistssaythatthefruitmaydisappearby2050.
Onereasonforthisisclimate(气候)change.ScientistsattheUniversityofExetercollecteddata(数据)from27countriesandregionsthatproduce86percentoftheworld'sbananas.Theyfoundthatclimatechangehasimprovedgrowingconditionsin21ofthesecountries.Inthepast60years,theaverageyield(平均产量)hasreached1.37tonsofbananasperhectare(公顷).
However,iftemperatureskeeprising,thisadvantagewilldisappear.Tenofthecountries,includingIndia,theworld'