河南省郑州市高考英语考前冲刺 阅读理解考前自练题8.docx
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河南省郑州市高考英语考前冲刺阅读理解考前自练题8
郑州市2014高考英语阅读理解考前自练题
科普知识类阅读理解
FederalregulatorsWednesdayapprovedaplantocreateanationwideemergencyalert(警报)systemusingtextmessagesdeliveredtocellphones.
Textmessageshaveexplodedinpopularityinrecentyears,particularlyamongyoungpeople.Thewirelessindustry’stradeassociation,CTIA,estimates(估计)morethan48billiontextmessagesaresenteachmonth.
TheplancomesfromtheWarningAlertandResponseNetworkAct,a2006federallawthatrequiresimprovementtothenation’semergencyalertsystem.TheacttaskedtheFederalCommunicationsCommission(FCC)withcomingupwithnewwaystoalertthepublicaboutemergencies.
“TheabilitytodeliveraccurateandtimelywarningsandalertsthroughcellphonesandothermobileservicesisanimportantnextstepinoureffortstohelpensurethattheAmericanpublichastheinformationtheyneedtotakeactiontoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamiliesbefore,andduring,disastersandotheremergencies,”FCCChairmanKevinMartinsaidfollowingapprovaloftheplan.
Participationinthealertsystembycarriers—telecommunicationscompanies—isvoluntary,butithasreceivedsolidsupportfro
mthewirelessindustry.
Theprogramwouldbeoptionalforcellphoneusers.Theyalsomaynotbechargedforreceivingalerts.
Therewouldbethreedifferenttypesofmessages,accordingtotherules.
Thefirstwouldbeanationalalertfromthepresident,likelyinvolvingaterroristattackornat
uraldisaster.Thesecondwouldinvolve“approachingthreats”,whichcouldincludenaturaldisasterslikehurricanesorstormsorevenuniversityshootings.Thethirdwouldbereservedforchildabduction(绑架)emergencies,orso-calledAmberAlerts.
Theservicecouldbeinplaceby2010.
1.Whatisthepurposeoftheapprovedplan?
A.Towarnpeopleofemergenciesviamessages.
B.Topopularizetheuseofcellphones.
C.Toestimatethemonthlynumberofmessages.
D.Topromotethewirelessindustry.
2.Theimprovementtothepresentsystemisinthechargeof .
A.CTIA
B.theWarningAlertandResponseNetworkAct
C.FCC
D.federalregulators
3.Thecarriers’participationinthesystemisdeterminedby .
A.theUSfederalgovernment
B.mobilephoneusers
C.thecarriersthemselves
D.thelawoftheUnitedStates
4.Whichofthefollowingistrueofcellphoneusers?
A.Theymustacceptthealertservice.
B.Theymayenjoythealertserviceforfree.
C.Theymustsendthealertstoothers.
D.Theymaychoosethetypesofmessages.
5.AnalertmessagewillNOTbesentif .
A.achildloseshisway
B.auniversityshootinghappens
C.anaturaldisasterhappens
D.aterroristattackoccurs
6.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.CellPhoneAlertsProtectingStudents
B.CellPhoneAlertsbyWirelessIndustry
C.CellPhoneAlertsofNaturalDisasters
D.CellPhoneAlertsComingSoo
n
【参考答案】21.1-5ACCBA6D
阅读理解---科普常识类
(2013·浙江,B)Belowisaselectionfromapopularsciencebook.
Ifbloodisred,whyareveins(静脉)blue?
Actually,veinsarenotblueatall.Theyaremoreofaclear,yellowishc
olour.Althoughbloodlooksredwhenit'soutsidethebody,whenit'ssit
tinginaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskin,it'smoreofadarkreddishpurplecolour.Attherightdepth,thesebloodfilledveinsreflectlessredlightthanthesurroundingskin,makingthemlookbluebycomparison.
Whichworksharder,yourheartoryourbrain?
Thatkindofdependsonwhetheryou'rebusythinkingorbusyexercising.Yourheartworksuptothreetimesharderduringexercise,andshiftsenoughbloodoveralifetimetofillasupertanker.But,inthelongrun,yourbrainprobablytipsit,becauseevenwhenyou'resittingstillyourbrainisusingtwiceasmuchenergyasyourheart,andittakesfourtofivetimesasmuchbloodtofeedit.
Whydoteethfallout,andwhydon'ttheygrowbackingrownups?
Baby(or“milk”)teethdonotlastlong;theyfallouttomakeroomforbigger,strongeradultteethlateron.Adultteethfalloutwhentheybecomedamaged,decayedandinfectedbybacteria.Oncethissecondsetofteethhasgrownin,you'redone.Whenthey'regone,they'regone.Thisisbecausenaturefiguresyou'resetforlife,andwhatcontrolsregrowthofyourteethswitchesoff.
Dooldpeopleshrinkastheyage?
Yesandno.Manypeopledogetshorterastheyage.But,whentheydo,itisn'tbecausethey'reshrinkingallover.Theysimplyloseheightastheirspine(脊柱)becomesshorterandmorecurvedduetodisuseandtheeffectsofgravity(重力).Many(butnotall)menandwomendoloseheightastheygetolder.Menloseanaverageof34cminheightastheyage,whilewomenmaylose5cmormore.Ifyoulivetobe200yearsold,wouldyoukeepshrinkingtillyouwere,like60cmtall,likealittleboyagain?
No,becauseoldpeopledon'treallyshrink!
Itisnotthattheyaregrowingbackwards—theirlegs,armsandbackbonesgettingshorter.Whentheydogetshorter,it'sbecausethespinehasshortenedalittle.Or,moreoften,becomemorebentandcurved.
Whydoesspinningmakeyoudizzy(眩晕的)?
Becauseyourbraingetsconfusedbetweenwhatyou'reseeingandwhatyou'refeeling.Thebrainsensesthatyou'respinningusingspecialgravityandmotionsensingorgansinyourinnerear,whichworktogetherwithyoureyestokeepyourvisionandbalancestable.But,whenyousuddenlystopspinningthesystemgoesoutofcontrol,andyourbrainthinksyou'removingwhileyou'renot!
Wheredofeelingsandemotionscomefrom?
Mostlyfromanancientpartofthebraincalledthelimbicsystem.Allmammalshavethisbrainarea—frommicetodogs,cats,andhumans.Soallmammalsfeelbasicemotionslikefear,painandpleasure.Butsincehumanfeelingsalsoinvolveother,newerbitsofthebrain,wefeelmorecomplexemotionsthananyotheranimalontheplanet.
Ifexercisewearsyouout,howcanitbegoodforyou?
Becauseourbodiesadapttoeverythingwedotothem.Andasfarasyourbodyisconcerned,it's“useit,orloseit”!
It'snotthatexercisemakesyouhealthy;it'smorethatalackofexerciseleavesyourbodyweakandeasilyaffectedbydisease.
1.Whatisthecolourofbloodinaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskin?
A.Blue.B.Lightyellow.
C.Red.D.Darkreddishpurple.
解析 细节理解题。
根据第一个标题下的“...it'smoreofadarkreddishpurplecolour.”可知答案。
答案 D
2.Whydosomeoldpeoplelookalittleshrunkenastheyage?
A.Becausetheirspineisinactiveuse.
B.Becausetheyaremoreeasilyaffectedbygravity.
C.Becausetheykeepgrowingbackwards.
D.Becausetheirspinebecomesmorebent.
解析 细节理解题。
根据第四个标题下的“Theysimplyloseheightastheirspine(脊柱)becomesshorterandmorecurvedduetodisuseandtheeffectsofgravity(重力).”可知,老年人变矮是因为脊柱收缩和弯曲造成的。
答案 D
3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutourbrainistrue?
A.Inthelongrun,ourbrainprobablyworksharderthanourheart.
B.Whenourbrainsensesthespinning,wewillfeeldizzy.
C.Thebrainsoftheothermammalsareas
complexasthoseofhumans.
D.Ourfeelingsandemotionscomefromthemostdevelopedareainourbrain.
解析 细节理解题。
根据第二个标题下的第三句“But,inthelongrun,yourbrain...”可知答案为A项。
此题最易误选B项,根据第五个标题下的最后一句可知,眩晕是由于“你已经不动了,而你的大脑认为你还在动”的错觉引起的。
答案 A
4.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheselection?
A.Togi
veadviceonhowtostayhealthy.
B.Toprovideinformationaboutourbody.
C.Tochallengenewfindingsinmedicalresearch.
D.Toreportthelatestdiscoveriesinmedicalscience.
解析 写作意图题。
考生易误选D项,但是在医学领域,概括失误。
文章主要涉及我们身体的问题,包括身体的、情绪的等等。
故选择B项较全面。
答案 B
阅读理解
Myfatherwaschiefengineerofamerchantship,whichwassunkinworldwar?
?
?
thebooknightoftheU-boatstoldthestory。
Memories
InSeptember,1940,mymother,sisterandIwenttoSwansea,wheremyfather‘sshipwasgettingreadytosail,webroughthimafamilyphotographytobekeptwithhimatalltimesandkeephimsafe.
ThenIremembermymotherlyingfacedown,sobbing.shehadheardfromafriendthattheshiphadbeensunkbyatorped
o(鱼雷).
Icanrememberthearrivedofthetelegram(电板),whichinthosedaysalwaysbroughtbadnews.mygrandmotheropenedit,itread,safe.loveted.”
Mymostvividmemoryisbeingwokenandbroughtdowntositonmyfather’sknee,hisarminabandage.
HewasjudgedunfittoreturntoseaandtookashorejobinGlasgowfortherestofthewar,foraslongasIcanremember,hehadaweakheart,mothersaiditwascausedbythetor
pedoes.hesaiditwasbecauseofthecigarette,whichever,hedieds
uddenlyinhisearly50s.
TenyearslaterIreadnightoftheU-boatandabletocompletethestory.
Atoast
Inmyroomisthebookandthephotograph.often,glassinhand,IhavewonderedhowIwouldhavedealtwithanexplosion,asinkingship,ajumpintoavastoceanandawaitforrescue?
lest(以免)weforget,Ihavesomemorewhiskyandtoasttheheroesofthewar.
()1.WecaninferthatthemotherandchildrenwenttoSwansea______.
A.tomeetafriend
B.toseethefather
C.totakeafamily
D.toenjoythesailingoftheship
()2.Whatdidtheauthorlearnaboutthefath
erfromthe
telegram?
A.hewas
stillalive
B.hiskneewasbroken
C.hisshiphadbeensunk
D.hehadarrivedinGlasgow
()3.theunderlinedword“it”inparagraph6referstothefather’s_____.
A.weakheart
B.takingashorejob
C.failuretoreturn
D.injurycausedbyatorpedo
()4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’sfatherafterhisshipwasattacked?
A.helosthisarm
B.herepairedtheengines
C.hemanagedtotakealifeboat
D.hewasthelasttoleavetheship
()5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.agroupofforgottenheroes
B.abookdescribingaterrifyingbattle
C.ashipengineer’swartimeexperience
D.amerchant’smemoriesofasearescue
文章大意:
文章介绍父亲经历的沉船事件
1.