清华保送模拟一.docx

清华保送模拟一.docx

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清华保送模拟一

2013清华保送模拟一

Part1ReadingComprehension

SectionA

　　Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions17,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions810,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

　　Mostpeopleoftendreamatnight.Whentheywakeinthemorningtheysaytothemselves,“WhatastrangedreamIhad!

Iwonderwhatmademedreamthat.”Sometimesdreamsarefrightening.Sometimes,indreams,wishescometrue.Atothertimeswearetroubledbystrangedreamsinwhichtheworldseemstohavebeenturnedupside-downandnothingmakessense.

　　Indreamswedothingswhichwewouldneverdowhenwereawake.Wethinkandsaythingswewouldneverthinkandsay.Whyaredreamssostrangeandunfamiliar?

Wheredodreamscomefrom?

　　NoonehasproducedamoresatisfyinganswerthanamancalledSigmundFreud.Hesaidthatdreamscomefromapartofonesmindwhichonecanneitherrecognizenorcontrol.Henamedthisthe“unconsciousmind”.

　　SigmundFreudwasbornaboutahundredyearsago.HelivedmostofhislifeinVienna,Austria,butendedhisdaysinLondon,soonafterthebeginningoftheSecondWorldWar.ThenewworldsFreudexploredwereinsidemanhimself.Fortheunconsciousmindislikeadeepwell,fullofmemoriesandfeelings.Thesememoriesandfeelingshavebeenstoredtherefromthemomentofourbirth.Ourconsciousmindhasforgottenthem.Wedonotsuspectthattheyarethereuntilsomeunhappyorunusualexperiencecausesustoremember,ortodreamdreams.Thensuddenlyweseethesamethingandfeelthesamewaywefeltwhenwewerelittlechildren.

　　ThisdiscoveryofFreud’sisveryimportantifwewishtounderstandwhypeopleactastheydo.Fortheunconsciousforcesinsideusareatleastaspowerfulastheconsciousforcesweknowabout.Sometimeswedothingswithoutknowingwhy.Ifwedont,thereasonsmayliedeepinourunconsciousminds.

　　WhenFreudwasachildhecaredaboutthesufferingsofothers,soitisntsurprisingthathebecameadoctorwhenhegrewup.Helearnedallaboutthewayinwhichthehumanbodyworks.Buthebecamemoreandmorecuriousaboutthehumanmind.HewenttoParistostudywithafamousFrenchdoctor,Charcot.Atthattimeitseemedthatnooneknewverymuchaboutthemind.Ifapersonwentmad,or“outofhismind”,therewasnotmuchthatcouldbedoneaboutit.Peopledidntunderstandatallwhatwashappeningtothemadman.Hadhebeenpossessedbyadevil

　　orevilspirit?

WasGodpunishinghimforwrongdoing?

Oftensuchpeoplewereshutawayfromtheordinarypeopleasiftheyhaddonesometerriblecrime.

　　Thisisstilltruetodayinmanyplaces.Doctorsprefertoexperimentonthosepartsofamanwhichtheycanseeandexamine.Ifyoucutamansheadopenyoucanseehisbrain.Butyoucantseehisthoughtsorideasordreams.

　　InFreud’sdayfewdoctorswereinterestedinthesesubjects.Freudwantedtoknowhowourmindswork.HelearnedalotfromCharcot.HereturnedtoViennain1886andbeganworkasadoctorinnervediseases.Hegotmarriedandbegantoreceivemoreandmorepatientsathome.Mostofthepatientswhocametoseehimwerewomen.

　　Theywereoverexcitedandanxious,sickinmindratherthaninbody.Medicinedidnothelpthem.Freudwasfullofsympathybuthecoulddolittletomakethembetter.

　　Thenonedayafriend,DrJosefBreuer,cametoseehim.HetoldFreudaboutagirlhewaslookingafter.Thegirlseemedtogetbetterwhenshewasallowedtotalkaboutherself.ShetoldDrBreuereverythingthatcameintohermind.Andeachtimeshetalkedtohimsherememberedmoreaboutherlifeasalittlechild.Freudwasexcitedwhenheheardthis.Hebegantotrytocurehispatientsinthesameway.

　　Heaskedabouttheeventsoftheirearlychildhood.Heurgedthemtotalkabouttheirownexperiencesandrelationships.Hehimselfsaidverylittle.Often,ashelistened,hispatientsrelivedmomentsfromtheirpastlife.Theytrembledwithangerandfear,hateandlove.TheyactedasthoughFreudwastheirfatherormotherorlover.Thedoctordidnotmakeanyattempttostopthem.Hequietlyacceptedwhatevertheytoldhim,thegoodthingsandthebad.Alsooneyoungwomanwhocametohimcouldn’tdrinkanything,althoughshewasverythirsty.Somethingpreventedherfrom

　　drinking.Freuddiscoveredthereasonforthis.Oneday,astheyweretalking,thegirlrememberedhavingseenadogdrinkfromhernursesglass.Shehadnttoldthenurse,whomshedisliked.Shehadforgottenthewholeexperience.Butsuddenlythischildhoodmemoryreturnedtomind.WhenshehadtolditalltoDrFreud—thenurse,thedog,theglassofwater—thegirlwasabletodrinkagain.

　　Freudcalledthistreatmentthe“talkingcure”.LateritwascalledpsychoanalysisWhenpatientstalkedfreelyaboutthethingsthatweretroublingthemtheyoftenfeltbetter.

　　ThethingsthatpatientstoldhimsometimesgaveFreudashock.Hediscoveredthatthefeelingsofveryyoungchildrenarenotsodifferentfromthoseoftheirparents.

　　Asmallboymaylovehismothersomuchthathewantstokillhisfather.Atthesametimeheloveshisfatherandisdeeplyashamedofthiswish.Itisdifficulttolivewithsuchmixedfeelings,sotheyfadeawayintotheunconsciousmindandonlyreturnintroubleddreams.Itwashardtobelievethatpeoplecouldbecomeblind,orlosethepowerofspeech,becauseofwhathadhappenedtothemwhentheywerechildren.

　　Freudwasattackedfromallsidesforwhathediscovered.Buthealsofoundfirmfriends.Manypeoplebelievedthathehadatlastfoundawaytounlockthesecretsofthehumanmind,andtohelppeoplewhowereverymiserable.Hehadfoundtheanswertomanyoflifesgreatquestions.Hebecamefamousallovertheworldandtaughtotherstousethetalkingcure.Hisinfluenceonmodernart,literatureandsciencecannotbemeasured.Peoplewhowrotebooksandplays,peoplewhopaintedpicturesandpeoplewhoworkedinschools,hospitalsandprisonsalllearnedsomethingfromthegreatmanwhodiscoveredawayintotheunconsciousmind.NotallofFreudsideasareacceptedtoday.Butothershavefollowedwhereheledandhavehelpedustounderstandourselvesbetter.Becauseofhim,andthem,thereismorehopetodaythantherehaseverbeenbeforeforpeoplewhowereoncejustcalled“crazy”.

　　1.Sofar,Freudistheonlyonewhocan.

　　A）studyhumansthoughts,ideasanddreams

　　B）provideusthemostsatisfyingreplytowheredreamscomefrom

　　C）tellusthereasonwhywewilldreamatnight

　　D）offerussomehelpinmentalproblems

　　2.Freud.

　　A）spentmostofhislifeinViennaaswellasLondon

　　B）endedhislifeafterWorldWarII

　　C）spendmostofhislifeinVienna,Austria

　　D）passedawayinAustriabeforetheWorldWarⅡ

　　3.WhenFreudwasagrownup,.

　　A）hewasmoreinterestedinhumanmindthanthewaythehumanbodyworks

　　B）hefocusedhisstudyonthehumanmindinsteadofhumanbody

　　C）heshiftedhisattentiontothestudyofpsychology

　　D）hewasmostinterestedinthestudyofhowhumanbodyworks

　　4.InFreudsday,.

　　A）anumberofdoctorsconcentratedonthehumansdreams

　　B）alotofstudentsadmiredFreudsstudyverymuch

　　C）nodoctorwouldliketoworkwithFreudtogether

　　D）nodoctorswereinterestedinhumansideas,thoughtsordreams

　　5.Accordingtothepassage,DrJosefBreuer.

　　A）gaveFreudsomehelpinFreudsstudy

　　B）wasoneoftheworkmatesofFreud

　　C）wasadoctorwhospecializedinthestudyofhumanbody

　　D）offeredsomeadviceinFreudsstudy

　　6.Accordingtothepassage,psychoanalysiswasaprocess.

　　A）inwhichpatientswouldnotparticipate

　　B）inwhichpatientsmustsaysomethinggreattheyencounteredbefore

　　C）inwhichpatientscoulddowhattheyliketodo

　　D）inwhichpatientscouldspeakouthisbadfortunefreelyinordertomake

　　themselvesreassured

　　7.Freudfoundwithashockthat.

　　A）youngchildrenandtheirparentscouldn‘tstaytogetherforalongtime

　　B）youngchildrenwerealwaysobedienttotheirparents

　　C）youngchildrenwerenotsodifferentfromtheirparentsinfeelings

　　D）youngchildrenandhisparentsdifferedlargelyinfeelings

　　8.AlthoughmuchattackpointedtoFreud,itwasalsothoughtbymanypeoplethat

　　Freudhadawaytouncoverthesecretsofandtohelpmiserablepeople.

　　9.Accordingtothepassage,itishardlytomeasureFreud’sinfluenceonmodern

　　art,.

　　10.Accordingtothepassage,atpresentFreudsstudybringsalotofhopeto

　　peopleoncecalled“”.

SectionB

　　　　Directions:

Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.ThenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewordsonAnswerSheet2.

　　Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　ManyworkerswhoworkedintheWorldTradeCenteraftertheSeptembereleventhattacksbecamesick.Theybreathedamixofdust,smokeandchemicalsintheruinsoftheTwinTowersandathirdbuildingthatfell.Somewentclayswithoutgoodprotectionfortheirlungs.Fiveyearslater,manyofthethousandswhoworkedat

　　GroundZerointheearlydaysaftertheattacksstillhavehealthproblems.DoctorsatMountSinaiMedicalCenterinNewYorkCityhaveannouncedtheresultsofthelargeststudyoftheseworkers.Thestudyconfirmedhighratesofbreathingproblemsinmembersofthebuildingtrades,firefighters,policeofficersandotherworker