基于STM32的智能消防小车设计外文翻译.docx

基于STM32的智能消防小车设计外文翻译.docx

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基于STM32的智能消防小车设计外文翻译

基于STM32的智能消防小车设计--外文翻译

本科生毕业论文（设计）

专业文献翻译

题目:

基于STM32的智能消防小车设计

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A.IntroductionofSTM32

STM32isbasedonthefamilyofARMCortex-M3core-designedspecificallyforembeddedapplicationsthatrequirehighperformance,lowcost,lowpowerconsumption.Theperformanceisdividedintotwodifferentseries:

STM32F103the"Enhanced"seriesandSTM32F101the"Basic"series.TheclockfrequencyofEnhancedSeriesisupto72MHz,thehighestperformanceofsimilarproducts;theclockfrequencyofBasicSeriesis36MHz,andthepricesof16positionproductssignificantlyenhancetheperformanceofmorethan16positionproducts,isthebestchoiceuserstobuythem.Thetwoseriesarebuilt-inflashfrom32Kto128K,isthecombinationofthemaximumcapacityoftheSRAMandperipheralinterfaces.Whentheclockfrequencyreaches72MHz,itexecutesfromFlashandtheSTM32powerconsumptionis36mA,thelowestpowerconsumptioninthe32-bitmarketproducts,theequivalentanimpressive0.5mA/MHz.

a.STMicroelectronicsGroup

STMicroelectronicsGroupwasestablishedinJune1987,isamergerofItaly'sSGSMicroelectronicsandtheFrenchThomsonsemiconductorcompany.InMay1998,SGS-THOMSONMicroelectronicswillchangethecompanynametoSTMicroelectronicsLimited.STMicroelectronicsisoneofthelargestsemiconductorcompaniesintheworld.Fromitsinceptiontodate,ST's

energy-savingarchitecturetodeliverindustry-leadingenergy-savingperformance.Thisseriesbelongstothelineup32STMicroelectronicsSTM32microcontrollerproductfamily,theproductfamily,atotalof180balanceofproduct,thefullrangeofproductssharemostofthepin,softwareandperipherals,excellentcompatibilitywithdeveloperstothemaximumdesignflexibility.

c.STultra-low-powerARM®Cortex™-M0microcontroller

STM32F0seriesofproductsarebasedontheultra-low-powerARMCortex-M0processorcoretechnologyandfeatures,enhancedintegration,aimedattheapplicationofultra-low-costbudget.Thefamilyofmicrocontrollerstoshortenthe8-bitand16-bitmicro-controllerdevicesandtheperformancegapbetweenthe32-bitmicrocontrollerdevice,theuserterminalproductsintheeconomytoachievestate-of-the-artcomplexfeatures.

d.Products

BeforeSTM32F105andSTM32F107interconnectfamilyofmicrocontrollers,STMicroelectronicshasintroducedtheSTM32AccessLineEnhancedSeries,theseriesoftheUSBbasicseriesandenhanced;newproductsfollowtheEnhancedSeries72MHzprocessingfrequency.Memory64KBto256KBFlashand20KBto64KBembeddedSRAM.TheLQFP64,LQFP100,andLFBGA100threepackageinthenewseries,adifferentpackagetomaintainthepinoutconsistency,combinedwiththeSTM32platformdesignphilosophy,anddevelopersbyselectingtheproductscanbere-optimizationfunction,memory,performanceandpincount,withaminimumofhardwarechangestomeetindividualapplicationneeds.

UntilJuly1,2010,thecirculationofmodels:

Basic:

STM32F101R6STM32F101C8STM32F101R8STM32F101V8STM32F101RBSTM32F101VB

Enhanced:

STM32F103C8STM32F103R8STM32F103V8STM32F103RBSTM32F103VBSTM32F103VESTM32F103ZE

STM32modelsDescription:

STM32F103RBT6chipmodel,forexample,thecompositionsofthemodelsofsevenparts,itsnamingrulesareasfollows:

（1）STM32:

STM32ARMCortex-M3representskernelof32-bitmicrocontrollers.

（2）F:

Frepresentsthechipsub-series.

（3）103:

103representativesEnhancedSeries.

（4）R:

RThisisarepresentativeofthenumberofpins,whereTrepresents36feet,48feet,Crepresents,Rrepresentsa64feet,Vrepresentsthe100-pin144-pin,Zrepresents.

（5）B:

BarepresentativeofembeddedFlashcapacity,including6onbehalfof32KbytesofFlash,8onbehalfof64KbytesFlash,384KbytesFlashBonbehalfof128KbytesFlash,Conbehalfof256KbytesFlash,DrepresentativesEonbehalfof512KbytesFlash.

（6）T:

Tarepresentativeofthepackage,inwhichHrepresentsBGApackage,TrepresentsLQFPpackage,UrepresentsVFQFPNpackage.

（7）6:

6Thisisarepresentativeoftheoperatingtemperaturerange,where6represents-40-85℃,7onbehalfof-40-105℃.

e.STM32F103performancecharacteristics

Feature

1.Thekernel:

ARM32-bitCortex-M3CPU,themaximumoperatingfrequencyof72MHz,1.25DMIPS/MHz.Single-cyclemultiplyandhardwaredivision.

2.Memory:

integratedon-chip32-512KBofFlashmemoryand6-64KBSRAMmemory.

3.Clockresetandpowermanagement:

2.0-3.6VdrivevoltageofthepowersupplyandI/Ointerface,POR,PDRandprogrammablevoltagedetector（PVD）,4-16MHzcrystaloscillator,embedded8MHzRCoscillatortuningcircuitinthefactory,40kHzinternalRCoscillatorcircuit.FortheCPUclockPLL.WiththecalibrationfortheRTC32kHzcrystal.

4.Lowpowerconsumption:

threekindsoflow-powermodes:

Sleep,stop,standbymode.PoweredtheVBATRTCandbackupregisters.

5.Debugmode:

serialdebug（SWD）andJTAGinterfaces.

6.DMA:

12-channelDMAcontroller;supportedperipherals:

timers,ADC,DAC,SPI,IICandUSART.

7.212usclassA/Dconverter（16-channel）:

A/Dmeasurementrange:

0-3.6V.Dualsampleandholdcapability.Thechipintegratesatemperaturesensor.

8.2-channel12-bitD/Aconverter:

STM32F103xCSTM32F103xDSTM32F103xEunique.

9.Amaximumofupto112fastI/Oports:

Dependingonthemodel,26,37,51,80,and112I/Oports,allportscanbemappedtothe16externalinterruptvector.Inadditiontotheanaloginputcanacceptlessthan5Vinput.

10.Amaximumofupto11timers:

four16-bittimers,eachtimer4IC/OC/PWMorpulsecounter.Two16-channeladvancedcontroltimer:

upto6channelsforPWMoutput.2watchdogtimers（independentwatchdogandwindowwatchdog）.Systicktimer:

24-bitdowncounter.Two16-bitbasictimerisusedtodrivetheDAC.

11.Amaximumofupto13communicationinterfaces:

twoIICinterface（SMBus/PMBus）,5USARTinterface（ISO7816interface,LIN,IrDAcompatible,thedebuggingcontrol）,ThreeSPIinterface（18Mbit/s）,twoandIISreuse,CANinterface（2.0B）,USB2.0full-speedinterface,SDIOinterface.

12.ECOPACKpackage:

STM32F103xxfamilyofmicrocontrollersECOPACKpackage.

Systemrole

1.IntegratedembeddedFlashandSRAMmemory,ARMCortex-M3core.Andcomparedtothe8/16devices,theARMCortex-M332-bitRISCprocessorprovidesahigherefficiencyofthecode.TheSTM32F103xxmicrocontrollerwithanembeddedARMcore,socanbecompatiblewithallARMtoolsandsoftware.

2.EmbeddedFlashmemoryandRAMmemory:

built-upto512KBembeddedFlash,canbeusedtostoreprogramsanddata.Upto64KBofembeddedSRAMcanreadandwritetotheclockspeedoftheCPU（notwaitstate）.

3.Avariablestaticmemory（FSMC）:

FSMCembeddedinSTM32F103xC,STM32F103xD,STM32F103xE,withfourchipselectsupportfourmodes:

Flash,RAM,PSRAM,NORandNAND.AfterORafterthreeFSMCinterruptlinesconnectedtotheNVIC.Noread/writeFIFOPCCARDoutside,thecodeisexecutedfromtheexternalmemory,anddoesnotsupporttheBoottooktargetfrequencyequaltoSYSCLK/2Therefore,whenthesystemclockis72MHz,externalaccess,accordingto36MHz.

4.Nestedvectorinterruptcontroller（NVIC）:

canhandle43maskableinterruptchannels（notincludingthe16interruptlinesofCortex-M3）,provides16interruptpriority.TightlycoupledNVIClowerinterruptprocessingdelaydirectlypassedtothekernelinterruptentryvectortableaddress,tightlycoupledtheNVICkernelinterface,allowsinterruptstobeanticipated,afterthehigher-priorityinterrupthandlingsupporttailchain,automaticallysavethestateoftheprocessor,interruptentryautomaticallyresumewhentheinterruptexit,noinstructionintervention.

5.Theexternalinterrupt/eventcontroller（EXTI）:

Externalinterrupt/eventcontrollerfor19togenerateaninterrupt/eventrequestedgedetectorlines.Eachlinecanbeindividuallyconfiguredtoselectthetriggerevent（risingedge,fallingedge,orboth）,canalsobeindividuallyshielded,apendingregistertomaintainthestateoftheinterruptrequest.WhentheexternallineappearlongerthaninternalAPB2clockcyclepulse,EXTIisabletodetect.Upto112GPIOconnectedtothe16externalinterruptlines.

6.Clockandstart:

startorsystemclockselection,butresetwhentheinternal8MHzcrystalwasselectedastheCPUclock.Canselectoneof4-16MHzexternalclock,andwillbemonitoredtodeterminewhethersuccessful.Duringthisperiod,thecontrollerisdisabledandthesoftwareinterruptmanagementsubsequentlyalsobeprohibited.Atthesametime,ifthereisaneed（forexample,encounteredanindirectuseofcrystalfailed）,PLLclockinterruptmanagementfullyavailable.Multiplepre-comparatorcanbeusedtoconfiguretheAHBfrequency,includinghigh-speedAPB（PB2）andlow-speedAPB（APB1）,high-speedAPBhighestfrequencyof72MHz,low-speedAPBhighestfrequencyof36MHz.

7.Bootmode:

startup,BootpinisusedtoselectoneofthreekindsBootOptionskinds:

ImportfromuserFlashmemoryfromthesystemimport,importfromSRAM.TheBootimportprogramislocatedinthesystemmemoryforFlashMemoryProgrammingbyUSART1re.

8.Powersupplyprogram:

VDDvoltagerangeof2.0V-3.6V,VDDpinprovidesanexternalpowersupplythrough,forI/Oandinternalregulator.VSSAandVDDA,voltagerangeof2.0-3.6V,externalanalogvoltageinputfortheADCresetmodule,RCandPLLVDDrange（ADCislimitedto2.4V）;VSSAandVDDAmustbecorrespondingconnectiontoVSSandVDD.VBAT,thevoltagerangeof1.8-3.6V,VDDinvalidforRTC,external32KHzcrystaloscillatorandbackupregisterspowersupply（viathepo