高级英语课程教案 第二册项目第08课.docx

高级英语课程教案 第二册项目第08课.docx

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高级英语课程教案第二册项目第08课

TextBook

《高级英语》由张汉熙主编,外语教学与研究出版社

Title

Unit8

TheWorkerasCreatororMachinebyErichFromm

TeachingAims

1.ImprovingReadingSkills—understandingapieceofexpositorywriting

2.EnrichingVocabulary—sociology

3.ImprovingWritingskills–causation

TeachingActivities

Vocabulary

1hour

TextAnalysis

6hours

Discussion

1hour

Practice

3hours

TeachingProcess

I.Warmingup

II．IntroductiontoAdditionalBackgroundKnowledge

III.TextAnalysis

1.IntroductiontothePassage

2.EffectiveWritingSkills

3.RhetoricalDevices

4.SpecialDifficulties

IV.Questions

Assignment

Writeashortexpositorycompositionon“WorkerinSocialistChina”or“TeacheratAPrivateSchool“

ReferenceBooks

1.WhoisWho

2.TheinternationalWhoisWho

3.EncyclopediaBritannica

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TextBook

《高级英语》由张汉熙主编,外语教学与研究出版社

Title

Unit8

TheWorkerasCreatororMachinebyErichFromm

TeachingActivities

Vocabulary

1.Payattentiontowordsandexpressionsinthefollowingaspectsrespectively:

✧SpellingandPronunciation

✧synonyms

✧Opposites

✧Similarwordsandexpressions

✧Settledorhabitualusage

2.Wordbuildingknowledge

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TextBook

《高级英语》由张汉熙主编,外语教学与研究出版社

Title

Unit8

TheWorkerasCreatororMachinebyErichFromm

TeachingProcess（1.Warmingup）

Question1

Howtounderstandtherelationshipbetweentheinvestorandtheworkers?

Question2

IsMachineryhelpinghumanbeing?

Question3

What’sthemeaningofsociology?

Question4

Whatisdog-eat-dogcompetition?

TeachingProcess（2.IntroductiontoAdditionalBackgroundKnowledge）

Fromm

ErichFromm,German-AmericanPsychoanalyst（心理分析学家）,socialcriticandauthorwhoappliedtheprinciplesofpsychologytothestudyof20thcenturyWesternpolitical,socialandmoralproblems.BornMarch23,1900inFrankfurt,Germany,Recentlydied--March,1980--attheageof79ofaheartattack.ReceivedPh.D.fromHeidelbergUniversityin1922,receivedpsychoanalytictraininginMunichandBerlin,hebeganpracticeinBerlinin1925asorthodoxFreudian,butafterawhilerejecteditandpioneeredconfrontationaltechniquesthatarenowwidelyused.LeftNaziGermanyin1933andmovedtoU.S.ConducedprivatepracticeinNewYorkCityandtaughtatseveralcollegesinU.S.andMexico.HepopularizedhistheoriesofhumanbehavioraslectureratColumbia,Yaleandotheruniversities.

Frommattemptedasynthesis（综合、合成）andreformulation（在形成）ofFreudandMarx.Hewasparticularlyconcernedwiththerelationshipbetweentheindividualandsocietyandtheproblemsofhumanself-realizationandfulfillment.HetookissuewithFreud’sviewoftheinstinctualbasesofhumanmotivation.DrawingonMarx,Frommarguedthatsocialcharacterisnotdeterminedbyinstinctbutrathershapedbyculturaltraining.Thereforeneurotic（神经质的、神经病的）conflictscanarisefromneedsanddesirescreatedbysocietyaswellasfromthefrustrationofbiologicaldrives.

Inhisfirstmajorbook,EscapefromFreedom（1941）,hemaintainedthatasWesternmangainedmorefreedomhefeltincreasinglyaloneandhelplessandthereforemanymenbecomeoverlyconformist（尊奉者）tosocietyandsubmittoauthoritarianrulers.FascismandsocialconformityareoutgrowthsofalienatingIndustrialdevelopment.Frommofferedhisownalternativestoman’salienation（疏远、转让）insuchbooksasManforHimself（1947）,theSaneSociety（1955）,TheArtofLoving（1956）,TheHeartofMan（1964）,andTheRevolutionofHope（1968）.Inthesebookshecriticizedthevaluesofvarioussociallyproducedcharactertypes.Againstthemhecontrastedtheproductivecharactercapableofgenuineloveandabletousehiscapacitiestosatisfyhumanneeds.Hisworksrangedoverawidefieldoftopics--Mexicanvillagelife,Marxism,thecoldwar,Zen（禅宗）Buddhism,etc.

Drucker

Professorpeter（Ferdinand）Drucker,Americanwriter,teacherandmanagementconsultant,born19,November1909,inVienna,Austria;ProfessorofManagement,NewYorkUniversity,since1954;ClarkeprofessorofSocialScience.ClairemontGraduateSchool,Clairemont,California,since1971;ManagementConsultant（ownfirm）,since1945;FellowofAmericanAssociationforAdvancement;HonoraryFellowofBritishInstituteofManagement.

Publications:

TheEndofEconomicMan（1939）,TheFutureofIndustrialMan（1942）,ConceptoftheCorporation（1946）,TheNewSociety（1950）,ThePracticeofManagement（1954）,ManagingforResults11964）.Technology,ManagementandSociety（1970）,Management:

Tasks,Responsibilities,Practices（1974）,TheUnseenRevolution;HowPensionFundSocialismCametoAmerica（1976）,andtextbooksandeducationalfilms.

Tailor

3.Taylor:

FrederickWinslowTaylor（1856-1915）,Americanengineer,inventorandefficiencyexpertwhopioneeredtheprinciplesof“scientificmanagement”inindustryandbusinessWorkedasanapprenticepattern-makerandmachinist;rosethroughtheranksandbecameanengineerandlateraconsultanttomanagementinanumberoffirms.Studiedandmeasuredshopoperatingmethods.Formulatedprinciplesofmanufacturingorganization,classificationandanalysisthatlatercametobecalledscientificmanagement,knownasTaylorismortheTaylorsystemoftimeand-motionstudy.Thepurposeistoincreaseefficiencyo1productionbycloseobservationo1individualworkers,identifyingandeliminatingwastedtimeandmotion.Thissystemisusednowby“efficiencyexperts”whoactasconsultantsformanagement.Theygotoworkplacesandmeasureandrecordthemostminutemovementsoftheworker（literallyusingastopwatch）.Thentheyreporttomanagementabouteverydetailof“wasted”timeandmovementsbytheworkerandmakerecommendationsforgettingmoreworkoutofhim.Suchpeoplearereferredtoas“minutemen”byworkers.

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TextBook

《高级英语》由张汉熙主编,外语教学与研究出版社

Title

Unit1

FacetoFacewithHurricaneCamillebyJosephP.Blank

TextAnalysisTextAnalysis（Brief））

IntroductiontothePassage

apieceofexpositorywriting

EffectiveWritingSkills

Casualanalysis/causation

EmphasizingthroughchangeofTypes

RhetoricalDevices

SpecialDifficulties

Sociologicaltermsandculture

TeachingProcess（4.Questionsfordiscussion）

1

Doyouagreewithalltheviewsofthewriter?

Whatcriticismshaveyoutomake

2

Dowehaveanyproblemsinthemanagementofourindustry?

Howshouldwesolvethem?

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TextBook

《高级英语》由张汉熙主编,外语教学与研究出版社

Title

Unit1

FacetoFacewithHurricaneCamillebyJosephP.Blank

TextAnalysis（EnglishVersion）

1.ThispieceisanexcerptfromTheSane（健全的）SocietybyErichFromm,publishedin1955.InthisbookFrommismainlyconcernedwiththeeffectonAmericansofasociologicalenvironmentwhichexistssuccessthroughdog-eat-dogcompetition,andthehumanalienationthataccompaniestechnologicaldevelopmentwhichisolatestheworkmanfromthefinishedproduct.

Thefollowingtwoparagraphshavebeendeletedfromthebeginningofthispiece:

“Whatbecomesthemeaningofworkinanalienatedsociety?

”

“Wehavealreadymadesomebriefcommentsaboutthisquestionintilegeneraldiscussionofalienation.Butsincethisproblemisofutmostimportance,notonlyfortheunderstandingofpresentdaysociety,butalsoforanyattempttocreateasanersociety,Iwanttodealwiththenatureofworkseparatelyandmoreextensivelyintheforgoingpages.”

Inanotherexcerptthewholepieceisentitled“WorkinanAlienatedSociety”;andparagraphs4-6（paragraphs2-4inthepresenttext）areplacedunderthesub-heading“Craftsmanship”,paras.7-9（5-7）under“AlienatingWork”,paras10（8）and11（9）under“HumanEngineering”,andparas17-15（l0-13）under“LazinessandHostility”.

Thefollowingwords,phrasesandsentencesareitalicizedintheoriginalforemphasis:

Para.1.Intheprocessofwork,thatis,themoldingandchangingofnatureoutsideofhimself,manmoldsandchangeshimself.

Para.2.Work,insteadofbeinganactivitysatisfyinginitselfandpleasurable,becameadutyandanobsession.

Para.4.Themeaningofworkdividedintothatofduty…andthatofforcedlabor…

Para.6.Hisworkcanbedefinedastheperformanceofactswhichcannotyetbeperformedbymachines.

Para..“industrialproblemofhumanbeings,”ratherthan“thehumanproblemofindustry.”

Para.10.theidealofcompletelaziness;...unconscioushostility...

para.11.Advertisedas“new--easiertoeat”..,gentlytakesthebreadrightoutofyourfingers!

2.Thistextisapieceofexpositorywriting.Themainthesisormainthemeofthewriterisbetterexpressedinthefirstsentenceofthedeletedparagraph:

“themeaningofworkinanalienatedsociety”.Inourowntextthemainthemebecomes:

“theworkerisnolongeracreatorbuthasbecomeamachine.”

Themethodemployedbythewritertodevelophisthemeandtoconvincehisreadersmaybecalledthemethodofcausalanalysisorjustsimplycausation（因果关系）.Everythingthatexistsandeveryeventthattakesplacehasacause,andmostthingsproduceeffectsorresults.Inwriting,causationisthesearchforandexplanationofcausesandeffects.Incausation,thefundamentallogicalrelationshipisthatonethinghappenedorwillhappenbecauseoforasaresultofanother;theproblemistodiscovertherightcausesandtherighteffects.Causationisoftenusedtoexplainaninvestigationconductedmfindthecausesofaproblemandsolutionsforit.

Oneofthebiggestdangersinthesearchforcausesandresultsisover-simplification.Particularlywithverycomplexsubjects,itistemptingtopineverythingonasinglecauseoreffectwhenactuallythereammanyfactorsatwork.Anotherdangerinthesearchforcausesisthefallacyknownasfalsecause.