考研英语黄皮书基础版写作增值资料.docx

考研英语黄皮书基础版写作增值资料.docx

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考研英语黄皮书基础版写作增值资料

写作

1997年

【精彩句式】

1.Accordingtopicture3andpicture4,200billionUSdollarsarelostannuallybecauseoftobaccoconsumption,andmeanwhile3millionpeopleworldwidelosetheirlivesduetosmoking-relateddiseases.

句子成形步骤：

①写出简单句

Picture3andpicture4reflectsomeproblems.

200billionUSdollarsarelosteveryyear.

Thelossesarecausedbytobaccoconsumption.

3millionpeoplesufferfromsmoking-relateddiseases.

Theyfinallylosetheirlives.

②利用衔接词将简单句整合

Picture3andpicture4reflectsomeproblems:

200billionUSdollarsarelosteveryyear,whichiscausedbytobaccoconsumption,and3millionpeoplesufferfromsmoking-relateddiseasesandfinallylosetheirlives.

③增加表达精确性和美感

Accordingtopicture3andpicture4,200billionUSdollarsarelostannuallybecauseoftobaccoconsumption,andmeanwhile3millionpeopleworldwidelosetheirlivesduetosmoking-relateddiseases.

点评句式发光点：

介词状语引出数据的具体内容，用并列句描绘数据，并列句结构对应均为“句子主干+原因状语”结构。

2.Toourgreatrelief,thereisatendencyofdeclineintobaccoproduction—theyearbetween1994and1995,asindicatedbychart1,witnessedadropfrom14.364billionpoundsto14.2billionpounds.

句子成形步骤：

①写出简单句

Thereisatendencyofdeclineintobaccoproduction.

Tobaccoproductiondropsfrom14.364billionpoundsto14.2billionpounds.

Chart1indicatesthistendency.

Itisagreatreliefforus.

②利用衔接词将简单句整合

Itisagreatreliefforusthat,aschart1indicates,thereisatendencyofdeclineintobaccoproduction,whichdropsfrom14.364billionpoundsin1994to14.2billionpoundsin1995.

③增加表达精确性和美感

Toourgreatrelief,thereisatendencyofdeclineintobaccoproduction—theyearbetween1994and1995,asindicatedbychart1,witnessedadropfrom14.364billionpoundsto14.2billionpounds.

点评句式发光点：

本句值得关注的是评注性短语的使用。

toourgreatrelief这类评注性短语修饰整个句子，体现了作者的态度。

除了使用短语，写作中还可以用评注性副词对句子表达的意思做出评价。

考研英语写作中常用的评注性副词有：

①表示对行为方式的评价，如：

cleverly,correctly,reasonably,unwisely,etc.

②表示对行为可能性的评价，如：

obviously,possibly,likely,actually,etc.

3.Foronething,thepercentageofsmokersistoolargaccordingtoasurvey,thereare1.1billiontobaccoconsumersintheworld,accountingforapproximately20percentoftheworldpopulation.

句子成形步骤：

①写出简单句

Thepercentageofsmokersislarge.

Asurveyindicatesit.

Thereare1.1billiontobaccoconsumersintheworld.

Theyaccountfor20percentoftheworldpopulation.

②利用衔接词将简单句整合

Thepercentageofsmokersislarge:

asasurveyindicates,thereare1.1billiontobaccoconsumersintheworld,whoaccountfor20percentoftheworldpopulation.

③增加表达精确性和美感

Thepercentageofsmokersistoolarge:

accordingtoasurvey,thereare1.1billiontobaccoconsumersintheworld,accountingforapproximately20percentoftheworldpopulation.

④增加衔接成分，连贯上下文。

Foronething,thepercentageofsmokersis...

点评句式发光点：

使用现在分词作伴随状语，说明数据的意义，使句式更加紧凑。

【应用模板】

适用于本文论证思·的作文题目有两个特点：

1.图片以组图形式出现，且组图既包含负面信息也暗示可喜趋势；

2.图片反映的社会现象给人类社会造成了损失，比如：

侵犯知识产权、侵害消费者权益。

Asanimportantcausefor____，组图共同反映的事物或现象isalwaysahotissueinoursociety.Accordingtothepicture____,引用图片中的数据.（论证前文提到的Σ害）.

Toourgreatrelief,揭示组图中部分信息所反映的令人欣ο的趋势—theyear/month/quarterbetween____and____,asindicatedbychart____,witnessedadrop/increasein____,declining/raisingfrom____to____.（引用图表数据说明趋势）Thedecline/increasehappensbecause____.（揭示可喜趋势的原因）

Ifthistrendcouldbemaintained,呈现可喜趋势的积极影响.However,itisdifficulttoachieveit.Foronething,thepercentageof____istoolarge:

accordingtoasurvey,thereare____,accountingforapproximately____percentof____.Itwouldn’tbeaneasytaskto____.（利用图表数据指出问题不容易解决的第一个原因）Foranother,____.（说明问题不容易解决的第二个原因）Inthissense,onlywithconcertedeffortsofallpeople,can____beproperlysolved.

1998年

【精彩句式】

1.Underthefunnyappearancehidesaserioussocialproblemthattherearemanymeaninglesspromiseswhichonlyreflectthebasicresponsibilitiesofthepromisemakers.

句子成形步骤：

①写出简单句

Asocialproblemhidesundertheappearance.

Therearemanypromises.

Thesepromisesonlyreflectthebasicresponsibilitiesofthepromisemakers.

②利用衔接词将简单句整合

Undertheappearancehidesasocialproblemthattherearemanypromiseswhichonlyreflectthebasicresponsibilitiesofthepromisemakers.

③增加表达的精确性和美感

Underthefunnyappearancehidesaserioussocialproblemthattherearemanymeaninglesspromiseswhichonlyreflectthebasicresponsibilitiesofthepromisemakers.

点评句式发光点：

本句的亮点有：

1.使用同λ语从句

同λ语从句用于表示抽象概念的名词（belief,fact,hope,idea,conclusion,problem,opinion等）后，用来说明其具体内容，一般由that连接。

如：

Thenewsthatweareinvitedtotheconferenceisveryencouraging.与定语从句不同，同λ语从句的先行词（如例句中的news）在从句中并不充当任何成分。

2.使用修辞性倒装

表示地点或范Χ的介词短语λ于句首，主语结构较长时，需要倒装。

这样的倒装是为了避免头重脚轻，是写作中常见的修辞性倒装。

修辞性倒装在考研写作中常见的形式还有：

①“only+状语”λ于句首表强调：

OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.

②never等具有否定意义或否定形式的词或词组居于句首：

NotonlywasChurchillastatesman,butalsoawriter.

③让步状语从句中使用“形容词（副词，动词，分词）+as/though/+主语+ν语”：

Strangethoughitmayappear,itistrue.TryasImight,Icouldnotbringhimround.

2.Peopleengagedinprovidingallkindsofservicesshouldhonestlyinformtheircustomersoftheservicesthatcanbeprovidedbecausemutualtrustisthefoundationofbusiness.

句子成形步骤：

①写出简单句

Certainservicescanbeprovided.

Somepeopleareworkingonprovidingallkindsofservices.

Theyshouldlettheircustomersknowabouttheservices.

Mutualtrustisthefoundationofbusiness.

②利用衔接词将简单句整合

Peoplewhoareworkingonprovidingallkindsofservicesshouldlettheircustomersknowabouttheservicesthatcanbeprovidedbecausemutualtrustisthefoundationofbusiness.

③增加表达精确性和美感

Peopleengagedinprovidingallkindsofservicesshouldhonestlyinformtheircustomersoftheservicesthatcanbeprovidedbecausemutualtrustisthefoundationofbusiness.

3.Onlyintheseways,canbothparties,serviceprovidersandthoseserved,enjoyahealthyatmosphereofmutualtrust.

句子成形步骤：

①写出简单句

Thepartiescantrusteachotherintheseways.

Thepartiesincludeserviceprovidersandthoseserved.

②利用衔接词将简单句整合

Theparties,whichincludeserviceprovidersandthoseserved,cantrusteachotherintheseways.

③增加表达精确性和美感

Onlyintheseways,canbothparties，serviceprovidersandthoseserved,enjoyahealthyatmosphereofmutualtrust.

【应用模板】

该思·适合的题目特点是：

图片幽默地讽刺了社会现象。

描写图片，呈现出与主题相关的细节.揭示图片的本质.Howridiculousitis！

（对图片现象进行总体评价）

Underthefunnyappearancehidesaserioussocialproblemthat具体论述社会问题.举例说明社会问题的普遍.

就社会现象提出自己的看法.指出这种现象的Σ害.Ononehand,提出建议一.Theyshouldremembertheoldsaying，引用谚语或名言来加强建议一的论述.Ontheotherhand,提出建议二.Onlyintheseways,指出施行以上建议的好处.

1999年

［句式精解］

1.Thesecondgraphdemonstratestheextinctionof70wildlifespeciesamongwhich50to60speciesdisappearedfromtheplanetbetween1800and1900.

句子成形步骤：

①写出简单句

Thesecondgraphshowsthedisappearanceof70wildlifespecies.

50to60speciesdisappearedfromtheplanetbetween1800and1900.

②利用衔接词将简单句整合

Thesecondgraphshowsthedisappearanceof70wildlifespecies,amongwhich50to60speciesdisappearedfromtheplanetbetween1800and1900.

③增加表达的精确性和美感

Thesecondgraphdemonstratestheextinctionof70wildlifespecies,amongwhich50to60speciesdisappearedfromtheplanetbetween1800and1900.

2.What’sworse,theprocessofurbanizationandindustrializationwilldrivesortsofwildanimalsawayfromtheirshelterstootherplaceswheretheycannotsurviveduetotheharshenvironment.

句子成形步骤：

①写出简单句

Urbanizationandindustrializationisinprogress.

Sortsofwildanimalsgoawayfromtheirhometootherplaces.

Theenvironmentinthenewplacesisbad.

Theycannotsurvive.

②利用衔接词将简单句整合

Urbanizationandindustrializationisinprogressandsortsofwildanimalsgoawayfromtheirhometootherplaceswheretheenvironmentisbadandtheycannotsurvive.

③增加表达精确性和美感

Theprocessofurbanizationandindustrializationwilldrivesortsofwildanimalsawayfromtheirshelterstootherplaceswheretheycannotsurviveduetotheharshenvironment.

④利用衔接词连贯上下文

What’sworse,theprocessofurbanizationand...

【应用模板】

Therearetwographsabove.Thefirstgraphshows描写第一个图表.Thesecondgraphdemonstrates描写第二个图表.Itseemsthat归纳两个图表的联系.Inotherwords,______.（根据图表信息提出论点）

Theaboveargumentmakessenselogicallyforthefollowingreason（s）.阐述具体的原因.

提出个人观点.Someactionsarerequiredtobetakento____.（引出下文的建议）Firstofall,提出第一个建议.Inaddition,提出第二个建议.

2000年

【精彩句式】

1.In1900therewasonlyoneshipinthesearichinfishes,whilein1995,therebecameonlyonefishintheseacrowdedwithships.

句子成形步骤：

①写出简单句

In1900therewasonlyoneshipinthesea.

In1900theseawasrichinfishes.

In1995therebecameonlyonefishinthesea.

In1995theseawascrowdedwithships.

②利用衔接词将简单句整合

In1900therewasonlyoneshipintheseaandtheseawasrichinfishes，whilein1995,therebecameonlyonefishintheseaandtheseawascrowdedwithships.

③增加表达精确性和美感

In1900therewasonlyoneshipinthesearichinfishes,whilein1995,therebecameonlyonefishintheseacrowdedwithships.

2.Thecaptiondemonstratesthatitwastheever-developingfishingindustrythatcausedthedevastatingeffectsonthefishingresource.

句子成形步骤：

①写出简单句

Thecaptiondemonstratesthefollowingmeaning.

Fishingindustrydevelopedgradually.

Fishingindustryinfluencedfishingresource.

Theeffectsweredevastating.

②利用衔接词将简单句整合

Thecaptiondemonstratesthatfishingindustrywhichdevelopedgraduallyinfluencedfishingresourceandtheeffectsweredevastating.

③增加表达精确性和美感

Thecaptiondemonstratesthatitwastheever-developingfishingindustrythatcausedthedevastatingeffectsonthefishingresource.

点评句式发光点：

本句亮点是使用强调句结构强调主语。

在考研英语写作中，强调句主要用来强调状语或主语、宾