航海英语经典考题课堂 讲题 1.docx
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航海英语经典考题课堂讲题1
Unitone:
Nauticalpublication
vLESSONONE
SailingDirections
v1.InAdmiraltySailingDirections,STRIPESisthewordusedtoindicate______marking.
vA.horizontalB.verticalC.diagonal//D.verticalordiagonal
v【参考译文】在英版航路指南中,“STRIPES”一词用于表示垂直或斜线标志。
【解析】horizontal水平的vertical垂直的diagonal斜线的..
v2.Sailingdirectionsarekeptuptodateby______.
vA.publicationsB.noticestomariners//C.supplementsD.AnnualSummaryofAdmiraltyNoticestoMariners
v【参考译文】航路指南通过补篇保持最新。
v【解析】keepuptodate保持最新publications出版物AnnualSummaryofAdmiraltyNoticestoMariners英版航海通告年度摘要supplement附录、增刊,这里是补篇的意思
v3.EverynewsupplementtotheSailingDirections______thepreviousone.
vA.enforcesB.cancelsC.correctsD.replenishes
v【参考译文】新航路指南补篇发行,旧补篇即作废。
v【解析】enforce实施replenish补充previous以前的。
v4.______amplifycharteddetailandcontaininformationneededforsafenavigation.
v//A.AdmiraltySailingDirectionsB.AdmiraltyListofLightsC.AdmiraltyListofSignalsD.AdmiraltyNoticestoMariners
v【参考译文】英版航路指南详述海图细节情况并包含航行安全所需的信息。
v【解析】amplify放大、扩大、增强,此处为详述之意detail细节.
v5.InAdmiraltySailingDirections,bandsarethewordusedtoindicate______marking.
v//A.horizontalB.verticalC.diagonalD.verticalordiagonal
v【参考译文】在英版航路指南中,“bands”一词用于表示水平标志。
v【解析】band横纹
v【点评】此类考题考察英版航路指南的内容及更新,考生应掌握与此相关的专业术语,正确理解和使用英版航路指南,保证船舶安全航行。
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v6.SectionⅣofNoticetoMarinersweeklyeditionis______.
vA.ExplanatoryNotes,IndexestoSectionⅡ.//B.CorrectionstoAdmiraltySailingDirections.C.ReprintsofRadioNavigationalWarnings.D.CorrectionstoAdmiraltyListofRadioSignals.
v【参考译文】周版航海通告第四部分是航路指南的改正。
.
v7.Placenamesusedshouldbethose______.
vA.specifiedbyinternationalauthorities
vB.specifiedbynationalauthorities
vC.onthestandardmap
v//D.onthechartortheSailingDirectionsinuse
v【参考答案】D
v【参考译文】使用的地名应是在使用的海图或航路指南上的名称。
v【解析】SailingDirections航路指南.
v8.SailingDirectionsareKeptuptodateby______.
vA.VHFbroadcasting
vB.publications
v//C.supplements
vD.alterations
v【参考答案】C
v【参考译文】航路指南通过补篇保持更新的。
【解析】sailingdirections航路指南supplement补篇,航路指南需与最新补篇结合使用。
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v.9.____amplifycharteddetailandcontaininformationneededforsafenavigation.
vA.SailingDirections
vB.ListofLights
vC.ListofSignals
vD.NoticestoMariners
v【参考答案】A
v【参考译文】航路指南详述海图细节,并包含了安全航行所需的信息。
【解析】amplify详述safenavigation安全航行
v10.TheSailingDirectionscontaininformationon______.A.requirednavigationlightsB.lifesavingequipmentstandardsC.casualtyreportingproceduresD.currentsinvariouslocations
v【参考答案】A
v【参考译文】航路指南详述海图细节,并包含了安全航行所需的信息。
v【解析】amplify详述safenavigation安全航行
v11.Whenyoureadthesailingdirections,youshouldnoticethatthisisoneofaseriesofpublicationsproducedbythe______whichshouldbeconsultedbyusersofAdmiraltyCharts.
v//A.UKHydrographicOffice
vB.IMO
vC.InternationalHydrographicOrganization
vD.InternationalAssociationofClassificationSocieties.
v【参考答案】A
v【参考译文】当你阅读航路指南时,你会注意到它是一系列英国水道测量局出版的图书之一,这些图书在海图的使用者参阅
【解析】UKHydrographicOffice(UKHO)
英国水道测量局;consult参阅查阅
v12.TheSailingDirectionscontaininformationon______.A.requirednavigationlightsB.lifesavingequipmentstandardsC.casualtyreportingprocedures//D.currentsinvariouslocations.
v【参考答案】D
v【参考译文】航路指南包含了不同地方的潮流信息。
v13.InAdmiraltySailingDirections,heightsofobjectsrefertotheheightofthestructureabovethe____.
vA.meanssealevelB.MeanhighwaterC.MeanHigherHighWater//D.ground.
v【参考答案】D
v【参考译文】在英版航路指南里,物标的高度是指建筑物对地高度
v14._______containsdetailsofweather,currentsandicehazardsappropriatetotheroutes,anditlinksthevolumesofSailingDirections.
v//A.OceanPassagefortheWorldB.AdmiraltyListofRadioSignalsC.AdmiraltyTideTablesD.Admiraltysailingdirections.
v【参考答案】A
v【参考译文】世界大洋航路包含相关航线的天气,潮流和冰况危险物的细节,它可以连接航路指南
v【解析】.OceanPassagefortheWorld世界大洋航路
v15.Ifnototherwisestated,thetimeusedinAdmiraltySailingDirectionsis____.A.GMTB.UTC//C.LTD.SMT.
v【参考答案】C
v【参考译文】如果没有另外说明,英版航路指南所用的时间是当地时间。
【解析】sailingdirections航路指南的时间,比如潮流都是当地时间.
NauticalCharts
Lessontwo
•1..Amercatorchartisa______
•//A.cylindricalprojectionB.simpleconicprojectionC.polyconicprojectionD.rectangularprojection
•【参考译文】墨卡托海图是正圆柱投影图。
•【解析】cylindricaprojection正圆柱投影simpleconicprojection单圆锥投影polyconicprojection多圆锥投影rectangularprojection矩形投影
•2.WhydoesdistancealwayshavetobemeasuredfromthenearestscaleonaMercatorchart?
•A.Becauseitisthemostefficientway
•//B.Becauseitvarieswiththechangeoflatitude
•C.BecauseitvarieswiththechangeoflongitudeD.Becauseitisthemoststraightline
•【参考译文】为什么在墨卡托海图上测量距离要在最近纬度尺处量取?
因为它是随着纬度的变化而变化的。
【解析】efficient有效的latitude纬度longitude经度straight直线
•3..Allstraightlinesrepresentgreatcircletracksonachartbasedona(n)______.
•A.MercatorprojectionB.PolyconicprojectionC.Orthographicprojection//D.Gnomonicprojection
•【参考译文】在心射投影海图中,所有的直线表示大圆航线。
•【解析】Orthographicprojection正交投影Gnomonicprojection心射投影greatcircle大圆
•4.Apolyconicprojectionisbasedona______.
•A.planetangentatonepointB.cylindertangentatoneparallelC.conetangentatoneparallel//D.seriesofconestangentatselectedparallels
•【参考译文】多圆锥投影基于一系列的圆锥相切于所选纬圈。
•【解析】cone圆锥parallel纬圈plane平面cylinder圆柱.
•5.Inveryhighlatitudes,themostpracticalchartprojectionisthe__.
•A.MercatorB.gnomonicC.azimuthal//D.Lambertconformal
•【参考译文】在高纬度,最可行的投影方式是兰伯特投影。
【解析】Mercatorprojection墨卡托投影gnomonic心射投影azimuthal方位投影Lambertconformalprojection兰伯特等角投影.
•6.Theonlycylindricalchartprojectionwidelyusedfornavigationisthe______.
•A.Lambertconformal//B.MercatorC.AzimuthalD.Gnomonic
•【参考译文】广泛用于航海的唯一一种圆柱形投影海图是墨卡托海图。
【解析】cylindrical圆柱的.
•7.Whichstatementaboutagnomonicchartiscorrect_?
•A.ArhumblineappearsasastraightlineB.Distanceismeasuredatthemidlatitudeofthetrackline
•C.Meridiansappearascurvedlinesconvergingtowardthenearerpole//D.Parallels,excepttheequator,appearascurvedlines
•【参考译文】下列那个关于心射投影的说法是正确的?
除赤道外,纬线显示为曲线。
•【解析】rhumbline恒向线appear显现Meridians子午线converging会聚.
•8.WhichoneofthefollowingisincorrectaboutMercatorprojection?
•A.Itprojectsasphereontoacylinder.
•B.Becausetheresultingdistancebetweenlatitudesareconstantlyincreasing,itisalsocalledprogressiveprojection
•//C.Itcanalwaysgivetruedistances
•D.advantageisthatlongitudesandlatitudesareatrightangles,whichmakesiteasytoreadtruebearings
•【参考译文】关于莫卡托投影下面哪项不正确?
它总是能提供实际距离
【解析】projectonto把……投影到【点评】此类考题考察海图的几种主要投影方法,考生应掌握与此相关的专业术语。
•9..Achartwithascaleof1:
80,000wouldfallintothecategoryofa______.
•A.sailingchartB.generalchart//C.coastalchartD.harborchart
【参考译文】比例尺为1:
80000的海图属于沿岸航行图。
【解析】1.generalchart总图(小于等于1:
300万)2.sailingchart航行图(1:
10万—1:
299万)
(1)oceansailingcharts远洋航行图(1:
100万—299万)
(2)offshoresailingcharts近海航行图(1:
20万--99万)
(3)coastalchart沿岸航行图(1:
10万—1:
19万)
3.harborchart港泊图(大于10万)
•10.Thechangesinthechannel'ssandsandbuoysonthiscoastare______thischartcannotbeconsideredasasafeguideofthechannel.
•A.frequentB.sofrequentC.frequentthat//D.sofrequentthat
•【参考译文】本航道的沙滩和浮标变化太频繁以至于该海图不能作为安全航行指导的依据。
•【解析】frequent频繁的so……that那么……以至于consider认为.
•11.Owingtoolddataofthesurveythepositionsandnumberofthebeaconsshownonthischartarenottobe______.
•A.consideredB.insured//C.relieduponD.suspected
•【参考译文】由于该海图上所显示标志的位置和数量基于老的测量数据,因而不应该信赖。
【解析】owingto由于survey测量beacon标志,这里指灯标、立标、无线电指向标等导航标志.
•12.ApilotchartdoesNOTcontaininformationabout______.
•A.averagewindconditionsB.tidalcurrentsC.magneticvariationD.averagelimitsoffieldice
•【参考译文】导航图不包含有关潮流方面的信息。
【解析】magneticvariation磁差。
•13.______chart3994,positionsreadfromthischartshouldbeshifted0.03minutesNorthward.
•A.ToconsiderB.TocheckC.To//D.Toagreewith
•【参考译文】为与3994号海图一致,本海图读取的位置应向北移动0.03分。
•【解析】shift移动minute分Northward向北.
D.Toagreewith与……一致
•14.Onthischartonlytheprinciple______tonavigationareshown.
•A.equipment'sB.toolsC.apparatus//D.aids
•【参考译文】本海图仅显示主要的助航标志。
•【解析】principle主要的,equipment设备,tools工具,apparatus仪器,aids助航设备。
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•15.Thearrangementofchartsinthecatalogueis______.
•//A.onaregionalbasisB.onanationalbasisC.shownorderlyD.appearedfromAtoW
•【参考译文】在航海图书总目录中海图是按区域编排的。
•【解析】arrangement编排、安排catalogue目录,这里指海图目录regional区域.
•16.Nonavigationalaidsareshownandthechartisnotkeptcorrectedforalterationsindepthsinsidethepeckedlines.Formoredetailedinformation,thelargerscalechartsmustbe______.
•//A.referredtoB.appreciatedC.metwithD.concerned
•【参考译文】此海图没有显示任何助航标志且虚线内水深变化没有得到改正,为得到进一步详细信息,须查阅大比例尺海图。
•【解析】alteration改动、更改peckedline虚线largerscale大比例尺海图referto查阅.
•17.Positionsreadfromthischartshould,toagreewithchart3949,be______0.03minutesNorthwardsand0.22minutesWestwards.
•//A.ShiftedB.RemovedC.ChangedD.Altered
•【参考译文】为与3949号海图一致,本海图上读取的位置应向北移动0.03分,向西移动0.22分。
•【解析】Westwards向西remove移走change改变altere改变、更改.
•18.Charteddepths______by2metersduetostateofthewinds.
•A.IsdecreasedB.DecreasedC.Decreases//D.Aredecreased
•【参考译文】由于风况,海图水深减少两米。
•【解析】state情况、状态decrease减少,此处须用被动语态
【点评】此类考题考察海图分类及使用注意事项,考生应掌握与此相关的专业术语。
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•19.Charteddepthisthe______.
•A.verticaldistancefromthechartsoundingdatumtotheoceanbottom,plustheheightoftide//B.verticaldistancefromthechartsoundingdatumtotheoceanbottom
•C.averageheightofwateroveraspecifiedperiodoftime