整理unit7单词词组.docx
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整理unit7单词词组
Unit7GamblingAddiction
1.UsefulExpressions
1.孤注一掷goforbroke
2.嗜赌成瘾者compulsivegamblers
3.消除wipeaway
4.失去尊严loseone’spride
5.生存哲学existentialphilosophy
6.牌室的常客cardroomregulars
7.付出高昂的代价payasteepprice
8.主题公园themepark
9.不可救药的吸毒成瘾者hard-coredrugaddicts
10.在边缘摇摆teeterontheverge
11.虐待儿童childabuse
12.家庭暴力domesticviolence
13.许多ahostof
14.成为重大新闻makeheadline
15.无法理解beyondone’scomprehension
16.内心流血bleedinside
17.清醒起来soberup
18.为…而不顾一切bedesperatefor
19.保险单insurancepolicy
20.债台高筑suffocatingdebts
21.前途无量promisingfuture
22.呆滞无神的双眼expressionlesseyes
23.每况愈下的健康状况failinghealth
24.再玩几手afewmorehands
WordsandExpressions
1.goforbroke:
commitorexpendallofone'savailableresourcestowardachievementofagoal;riskeverythinginonedeterminedattemptatsth.
*WhynotgoforbrokeandapplyforHarvardUniversity?
他决定孤注一掷把所有的钱全部投向股市。
(=Hedecidedtogoforbrokeandputallhismoneyintothestockmarket.)
2.(L6)delusion:
n.afalsebelieforopinion
*JaneisunderthedelusionthatI’mgoingtogiveheralotofmoney.
这位病人妄想自己是拿破仑。
(=ThesickmanisunderthedelusionthatheisNapoleon.)
CF:
delusion&illusion
这两个词都是名词,都有“错觉”的意思,也都有这样的词组“underthedelusion”和“undertheillusion”。
delusion通常指一个被误导甚至是精神不正常的人的错误(病态的)观念,例如:
Boboncehadthedelusionthathewasa“flyingman”.鲍勃一度妄想自己是个飞人。
illusion通常指给人的感官印象似乎是正确的而实际不然的观念。
例如:
IhadtheillusionthatthesungoesaroundtheearthwhenIwasachild.孩提时代,我错误地认为太阳是绕着地球旋转的。
3.(L7)wreckage:
n.remainsofsth.thathasbeendestroyedorruined
*Theinvestigationcommitteewastryingtofindthewreckageoftheplaneafterthecrash.
警方把汽车的残骸从事故现场拖走。
(=Thepolicedraggedthewreckageofthecarfromtheaccidentsite.)
4.(L8)notleastofall:
especially;inparticular
*People,notleastofallyoungsters,don'tseemsopolitethesedays.
(插入声音文件notleastofall)
(=Millionsofwildflowerscolorthevalleys,notleastofallinAprilandMay.)
5.(L10)streak:
n.
1)aline,mark,smear,orbanddifferentiatedbycolorortexturefromitssurroundings
*Williamnoticedsomestreaksofgreyappearinginhismother’sblackhair.
2)(esp.ingambling)periodofcontinuoussuccessorfailure
*Theyoungmanisveryhappyforheenjoysalongstreakofwinninginlottery.
史密斯先生今年好运不断。
(=Mr.Smithhadastreakofluckthisyear.)
3)elementortrace(inaperson’scharacter)
*Ourchemistryteacherhasastreakofhumorinhim.
6.(L11)scrounge:
v.seektoobtainsomethingbybeggingorborrowingwithnointentionofreparation;forageaboutinanefforttoacquiresomethingatnocost
*Theoldmanwasscroungingforemptybottlesinthedustbin.
*Hescroungedacigarettefromme.
她总找她哥哥借钱。
(=She'salwaysscroungingmoneyoffherbrother.)
7.(L.11)agonize:
v.suffergreatpainoranxiety
*Whydoyouagonizeyourselfwiththethoughtofyourfailure?
他对上星期五公司高层会议上的决定感到焦虑不安。
(=HeagonizedoverthedecisionmadelastFridaytopmeetingofthecompany.)
agonyn.thesufferingofintensephysicalormentalpain
*Hewasinanagonyofremorse.
8.(L13)articulate:
adj.(ofaperson)abletoexpressone’sideasclearlyandeffectivelyinwords
*Mariaisthemostarticulateofthesisters.
我们大家都认为他是很有口才的演讲者。
(=Weallagreethatheisanarticulatespeaker.)
9.(L15)tidbit:
n.smallbutinterestingpieceofnews,gossip,etc.
*Thebookisfullofcolorfultidbitsabouttheaterandtheaterpeople.
导演给孩子们讲了许多关于电影制作的趣事。
(Thedirectortoldthechildrenmanytidbitsaboutfilmmaking.)
10.(L16)regular:
n.ahabitualcustomerorclientatashop,pub,etc.,aloyalperson
*Davidisoneourregulars—hecomesinforadrinkaboutthistimeeverynight.
我是这家餐馆的常客,这里的菜很合我的口味。
(=Iamaregularofthisrestaurant,forthedishhereareverymuchtomytaste.)
11.(L16)cherish:
vt.treatwithaffectionandtenderness;holddear;keepfondlyinmind
*Hecherishedthememoryofhisdeadwife.
(插入声音文件cherish)
*Theoldmancherishedthegirlasifshewerehisdaughter.
他怀念他那一去不复返的青春年华。
(=Hecherishedthememoryofhisdepartedyouth.)
12.(L17)remnant:
n.sth.leftover,aremainder;smallremainingquantity
*Theremnantsofthefeastweretakentothefarmtofeedthepigsthere.
他虽然深受冒犯,但仍保持了几分尊严。
(=Thoughterriblyoffended,heretainedsomeremnantofdignity.)
(插入声音文件remnant)
(=Thegeneralorderedthesoldierstowipeawaytheremnantsoftheenemy.)
13.(L18)resignation:
n.
1)theactofgivingup(one’sposition,forexample)esp.byformalnotification;oralorwrittenstatementofgivingupone’sposition
*Mr.Smithhandedinhisresignationtothegeneralmanagerlastweek.
2)unresistingacceptanceofsomethingasinescapable;submission
*Helosttheelectionandhadtoaccepthisfatewithresignation.
这位足球明星在最近的比赛中输了,他只得无可奈何地承认失败。
(=Thefootballstartherecentgame,andhehadtoacceptthefailurewithresignation.)
14.(L20)reservation:
n.
1)anarrangementinadvance,asinahoteloronanairplane
(插入声音文件reservation)
(=Ifyouwanttogototheconcert,you'llhavetomakeareservation,ortherewillbenotickets.)
2)alimitingqualification,condition,orexception
*Bynegotiation,thepartyagreedtotheplanwithcertainreservations.
我对他所说的话的真实性持保留态度。
(=Ihavesomereservationsaboutthetruthofwhathesaid.)
3)atractoflandsetapartbythefederalgovernmentforaspecialpurpose,especiallyonefortheuseofaNativeAmericanpeople
*ManyNativeAmericansliveinreservations.
*TheNativeAmericanprofessionalsbelievethatpropermanagementoflandandnaturalresourceswillimprovereservationeconomicviability.
Collocation:
makereservations定座
cancelreservations取消预定
withreservations有保留地
withoutreservation毫无保留地
15.(L22)sanction:
1.n.authoritativepermissionorapprovalthatmakesacourseofactionvalid
(插入声音文件sanction)
(=Thenovelhasbeenadaptedtoaplaywithoutthesanctionoftheauthor.)
我们获准继续进行我们的项目。
(=Wereceivedsanctiontoproceedwithourproject.)
2.vt.giveofficialauthorizationorapprovalto
*TheheadquartersofthecompanysanctionedtheestablishmentofabranchinShanghai.
CF:
sanction,approve&confirm
这三个动词均含有“批准”之意。
sanction语气最强,多指官方的同意或批准,是书面用词。
例如:
Theboardsanctiontheexpenditureof$1.2monthedevelopmentplan.董事会正式批准120万美元开发计划的开支。
approve普通用词,常指正式的或官方的批准。
例如:
Chinaapprovesestablishing300,000foreigninvestedenterprises.中国批准了设立三十万家外商投资企业。
confirm强调按法律程序提请确认或批准。
例如:
ThekingconfirmedthattheelectionwouldbeonJuly20th.国王批准选举在7月20日举行。
16.(L23)revenue:
n.income,esp.thetotalannualincomeofthestatefromtaxes
*Thegovernmentgetsitsrevenuefromtaxes.
个人所得税是一个国家岁入的主要来源之一。
(=Incometaxisoneofthemainsourcesofacountry’srevenue.)
Collocation:
customsrevenue关税收入
thePublicrevenue国库收入
defraudtherevenue逃(漏)税
one’srevenue个人总收入
nationalrevenue国家岁入
arevenueofficer税务官员
CF:
revenue&income
这两个名词均含有“收入”之意。
revenue专指国家或企业的收入,主要指国家的税收。
例如:
Headdedthatstateandlocalgovernmentsmighthavetocutbackspendingasaresultofdecliningtaxrevenue.他还补充说州政府和地方政府可能会因为税收的下降而削减政府支出。
income主要指个人收入,包括劳动所得和利润。
例如:
Myadviceisthatyoushouldneverspendinexcessofyourincome.我劝你花钱不要超过你的收入。
17.(L29)substantial:
adj.considerableinimportance,value,degree,amount,orextent
*TherehasbeensubstantialincreaseinproductionoftheautomobileindustryinChinaintheseyears.
(插入声音文件substantial)
(=Thecountryboughtasubstantialnumberofweapons.)
18.(L30)intoxicate:
vt.
1)causesb.toloseself-controlasaresultoftakingalcoholicdrink
*Notonlyliquor,butalsobeerhasthepowertointoxicate.
2)excitesb.greatly,beyondself-control
*Theaudiencewereintoxicatedbythepianist’sexcellentperformance.
他陶醉在西藏美丽的自然美景中。
(HeisintoxicatedbythebeautifulnaturalsceneriesofTibet.)
19.(L32)incandescent:
adj.
1)emittingvisiblelight;shiningbrilliantly;verybright
*Thephysicsteacherisdemonstratinghowanincandescentlampworks.
2)characterizedbyardentemotionorintensity
*Hisincandescentspiritinspiredustohelptheunprivilegedpeople.
20.(L34)hard-core:
adj.intenselyloyal;stubbornlyresistanttochange
*Heisknownasahard-coregolferbecauseaslongasheisfree,heplaysgolf.
他已成了一个顽固的赌徒,无论你怎么劝,他就是不听。
(=Hehasbecomeahard-coregambler.Nomatterhowyoupersuadehimoutofgambling,hewon’tlisten.)
21.(L35)verge:
n.edgeorborderofaroad,path,etc.
*Theonceveryprofitablebusinessisnowonthevergeofbankruptcy.
她力图忍住悲痛,但还是差点哭了出来。
(Shetriedtohidehergrief,butshewasonthevergeoftears.)
Pattern:
atthevergeof在…的边缘
onthevergeof接近于,濒于
CF:
verge,edge,border,margin&rim
这些词都是名词,都有“边缘”的意思。
verge是一个极尽头的边缘,界限,例如:
Owingtothepoormanagement,thefirmwasonthevergeofbankruptcy.由于经营不善,这家公司濒于破产。
edge特指两个平面的分界线,棱边,例如:
Ihurtmykneeagainsttheedgeofthestove.
我的腿碰到了炉子的棱边,碰伤了。
border指边界线或正位于边界内的区域,例如:
Theborderbetweenthetwocountriesrunsalongthemountainridge.这两个国家以山脊为界。
margin是指一种可精确限定宽度的边界,页面的空白处,例如:
ProfessorSmithalwayswriteshiscommentsinthemarginsofhisstudents’papers.史密斯教授总是在学生论文的空白边处写上他的评语。
rim常用于指圆周性或曲性物体(如车轮)的边缘,例如:
Becareful!
Therimofyourglassiscracked.当心!
你的玻璃杯的边缘裂开了。
22.(L38)fraud:
n.
1)adeceptiondeliberatelypracticedinordertosecureunfairorunlawfulgain
*Lastyear,anIllinoiswomanwasconvictedoffraudfortryingtocollecta$200,000lifeinsurancepolicyaftersmotheringherdaughter.
2)Onethatdefrauds;acheat
用一叠纸牌为你占卜未来的人都是骗子。
(=Peoplewhotellyourfuturebymeansofapackofcardsarefrauds.)