剑桥商务英语中级模拟66.docx

剑桥商务英语中级模拟66.docx

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剑桥商务英语中级模拟66

模拟试题

（一）

PARTONE

Questions1-7

·Lookatthestatementsbelowandthebookreviewsontheoppositepage.

·Whichsection（A,B,CorD）doeseachstatement1-7referto?

·Foreachstatement1-7,markoneletter（A,B,CorD）.

·Youwillneedtousesomeoftheselettersmorethanonce

1．Theauthorofthisbookbelievesthatorganisationswillneveroveremphasizetheimportanceofbranding.

2．Theauthorofthisbookconductedhundredsofinterviewsinthisfieldsoastoofferpracticaladvices.

3．Youmayrefertoitasaguideifyouenter,forthefirsttime,thelineofbusinessdiscussedinthisbook.

4．Readersofthisbookmayfinditserveasaguideonwhatneedstobedonetomakesureacompanyiswellrun.

5．Thisbookcoversalmosteveryaspectofthefieldconcernedandalsoreviewsthebestpracticeinthisfield.

6．Thetargetreadersofthisbookincludemanagers,stakeholdersaswellasdirectorsindifferentkindsofbusiness.

7．Authenticexperiencesofsomecompaniesareusedtodemonstratethepointstheauthorwantstoargueinthesecondeditionofthisbook.

BusinessConsulting

A

Thisbookexploresthenewshapeofconsulting.Itexamineswhyorganisationsuseconsultants,howconsultingfirmscompeteandwhatconsultantsdo.Basedonhundredsofinterviewswiththemanagerswhohireconsultantsandthepeoplewhorunconsultingfirms;itoffersanautthoritativeanalysisofthismostshadowyofprofessions.Italsoprovidesinvaluablepracticaladviceonwhatorganisationsneedtodotogetthebestoutoftheconsultantstheyuseandwhatconsultingfirmsneedtodotoachievethebestresultsforthosetheyworkfor.

B

BrandsandBranding

Thisbookarguesthatbecauseofthepowerofnot-for-profitbrandsliketheRedCrossorOxfam,allorganisationsshouldmakethebrandtheircentralorganisingprinciple,guidingeverydecisionandeveryaction.Aswellasmakingthecaseforbrandsandexaminingtheargumentoftheanti-globalisationmovementthatbigbrandsarebullieswhichdoharm,thisbookreviewofbestpracticeinbranding,coveringeverythingfrombrandpositioningtobrandprotection,visualandverbalidentitytobrandcommunications.

C

EmergingMarkets

Usingtherealexperiencesofcompanieswhereverpossibletoillustratethepointsitmakes,thisextensivelyupdatedandrevisedsecondeditionofthisbookisaimedatbothmanagerswhoareinvolvedinenteringemergingmarketsforthefirsttimeandmanagerswhoarealreadyoperatinginthemItwillserveasaguideonhowtoavoidmistakesothercompanieshavemadeandhowtodetectweaknessesincurrentemergingmarketstrategies.

D

EssentialDirector

Managersmayrunacompanybutitisthejobofdirectorstomakesureitiswellrunandruninthedirection.Thislivelyandaccessibleguidetotheimportantsubjectofcorporategovernanceshowswhatneedstobedonetoensurehighstandardsandhowtodoit.Itisaimednotonlyatdirectors,butalsoatmanagersandstakeholdersineverykindofbusinessandorganisation.

PARTTWO

Questions8-12

·Readthearticlebelowaboutdecisionmakingpsychology.

·Choosethebestsentencefromtheoppositepagetofilleachofthegaps.

·Foreachgap8-12,markoneletter（A-G）.

·Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.

·Thereisoneextraletterwhichyoudonotneedtouse.

DecisionMakingPsychologyMadeSimple

Decisionsdecisions!

Understandingdecisionmakingpsychologycanenableyoutoreachaconclusionquicker.Whetherit'schoosingaholidaydestination,orprojecttofund.you'llfindthisoutlineofdecisionmakingpsychologyausefuladditiontoyourmanagementtoolkit.

Makingupyourownmindshould（intheoryatleast）betheeasiestafterall,there'sonlyonepersoninvolved!

Sowe'llskipontothemorechallengingareaofgroupdecisionmaking.Somehow.Outofthepersonalityclashes,powerstrugglesandhiddenagendas,aperfectsolutionisexpectedtoemerge......

Ingroupdecisionmaking,thereareanumberofmethodsthatcanbeapplied,（8）Themethodsthatareclosertothedirectiverange,meanthatthedecisionismadebyalimited,smallnumberofdecisionmakersinthegroup.Themethodsthatareloweronthespectrum.towardstheparticipatoryrange,meanthatthedecisionismadebyallthepartiesinvolved.

IndividualDominanceiswhereonepersoninthegrouphastheauthorityorpowertomakethefinaldecision.MinorityMinorityusuallytakestheformofdecisionsdelegatedfromlargergroupsandmadebysub-committees.MajorityRulesusuallyinvolvethegroupvotingonthealternativesandthealternativereceivingthemostvotes,wins.Consensusisachievedthroughgroupdiscussionofthealternatives,whereeverygroupmembercanagreeonanoptionandcommittotheoutcome.

Directivedecisionmakingisgreatwhentimeistightanddecisionsneedmadefast,Theriskisthatdecisionsmadebyonepersonareownedbyoneperson.Peopleaffectedbythedecisioncansoonmaketheirfeelingsknownbytheiractions.（9）Ifthereisalowornegativebankaccountbetweenpeopleinvolved,theremaybetroubleahead!

（10）Insimpleterms,peoplewanttobeinvolved.Regardlessofpowerorstatus,knowingyouhavecontrolandinfluenceoveryourworkinglifeincreasessatisfactionandproductivity.

Itiswellknowninthecaringprofessionsthatofferingchoicehelpsspeedrecovery.Thebed-boundpatientwhoisaskedwhethertheywanttheircurtainsopenorclosed,orhasaplanttocarefor.faresbetterthanthosewhoselifeisentirelymanagedbyotherpeople,Involvingmorepeopleindecisionmakingisrisky.Ittakesmoretime.Itrequiresskilledfacilitation.Itdoesn'tguaranteesuccess.（11）

Decisionmakingpsychologyissimple-involvementgetsresults.Althoughpowerstruggles,personalityclashesandhiddenagendasarescaryterritory,overtime,powerdissipates,peoplegetonandagendasbecomemoretransparent.（12）Thedecisiontoworkthiswayisyours!

A．Toincreaseyourchanceofadecisionbeingaccepted,amoreparticipatoryapproachisrecommended.

B．Butwhatitdoesdo,isincreasethelikelihoodofdecisionsbeingownedandacteduponbyenoughpeopleforapositivechangetobeeffected.

C．Thesemethodsmapoutalongaspectrum,from'directive'to'participatory'decisionmaking.

D．Investsometimeinlearninggroupdecisionmakingtechniquesandgettingfacilitationexperienceandyouwillgetresults.

E．Ifthereisahighemotionalbankaccountbetweenpeopleinvolved,thedecisionmaybeacceptedalthoughnotliked.

F．Corporateexecutiveshavecometolearnthattobeeffective,doinggoodmustbegroundedinafirm'slong-termstrategy.

G．Sowe'llskipontothemorechallengingareaofgroupdecisionmaking.

PARTTHREE

Questions13-18

·Readthearticlebelowaboutproductdifferentiationandthequestionsontheoppositepage.

·Foreachquestion13-18,markoneletter（A,B,CorD）.

EffectiveProductDifferentiation

Asobviousasitmaysound,thetruthistherearealotofbusinessesoutthere.Theoddsofnothavinganycompetitionarenexttoimpossible,andsomethinganyworthwhilebusiness,whetherbigorsmall,hastoeventuallycometoaccept.Everyoneofthosebusinessesaretryingtodotheexactsamething:

getpeopletobuytheirproducts.Whenfloodedwithsomanypotentialprospectsitisn'talwayseasyforthecustomerstoknowwhichbusinessisthebestandwhichonehasthebestproduct.Whatyouneedtodoishelpthemalong.

Differentiatingyourbusinessandyourproductsfromthecompetitionisbyfaroneofthemostimportantdetailswhendealingwithanykindofindustry.Everythingacompanydoes,fromthecreativeadstheyruntotheinventivepromotionstheyproducetothefullcolorbusinesscardstheyhandoutisgearedtowardsseparatingthemselvesfromtherestoftheflock.Ifyou'regoingtocompetewiththemyou'regoingtohavetodothesame,anddoitmoreeffectively.

Sometimesthemosteffectiveapproachescanbesomeofthemostsimplistic.Printingwell-coloredbrochuresgivesabusinessthechancetoshowtheircustomersthesubtleornotsosubtledifferencesbetweenthemandthecompetition,whetheritisbetterdesigns,betterfeatures,orbetterprices.Handingthemalistofalltheproductsorservicesyouofferallowsthemtheabilitytoseeexactlywhatthey'regettingwhentheydobusinesswithyou,andthemoreacustomerknowsaboutabusinessthebettertheoddsarethey'llfeelcomfortablewiththem.

But,evengoingbeyondtheproducts,boostingupyourcompanycanalsobeaneffectivetooltoplaceyouabovethecompetition.Whenyouhandapersonabusinesscard,fullycoloredwithauniquedesignyou'rehandingthemameanstorememberyou.Abusinesscardcansayalotaboutapersonandthebusinesstheyrun.Simple,drabcolorscanbeoffputtingtotheper,sonlookingforafriendlierbusiness.Therightcolorschemealonecandifferentiateyoufromthecompetition,andonceyou'vemanagedtoseparateyourselfout,you'llbeinaprimepositiontobewhothepersonfavorswhentheyneedthatspecificproduct.

Withcompetitionassteepasitistoday,everybusinesshasitshandsfulltryingtostayabovetherest.Wheneverylittlethingcounts,thebusinessthecustomerswilltaketoheartwillbetheonewhocanshowthemjustwhythey'rethebestqualified.Printingouttherightkindofcolorfulbrochureorbusinesscardcanbeavaluablemethodofsteppingawayfromthecrowdedbusinessfield.

13．Accordingtothewriter,whatdoeseverybusiness,regardlessofitssize,makeefforttoachievenowadays?

A．Getpeopletobuytheirproducts.

B．Designandproducenewproducts.

C．Maketheirpricesmorecompetitive.

D．Betterthequalityoftheirpresentproducts.

14．Whydosomecompan