最新佛山一模英语.docx

最新佛山一模英语.docx

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最新佛山一模英语

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2018年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测

（一）

英语2018.1

本试卷共9页,满分120分,考试用时120分钟。

注意事项:

1、本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。

答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。

用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。

将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。

因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。

2、答选择题时,选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对于应题目选项的答题信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

答案不能答在试卷上。

3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上，如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答无效。

4、老生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项,并在

答题卡上将该项涂黑

A

HerearefourhomesforsalearoundtheU.S.withlinkstopast,presentand

futurepresidents,aswellastheirclosefamilies.

JohnF.KennedysWeekendRetreat

AmodestfarmnearMiddleburg,Virginia,wasbuiltbyJohnFKennedyandhis

wifeintheearly1960s.Theformerfirstladydesigneditherself.Thefour-bedroom

propertyiscurrentlybackonthemarketfor$5.95million,decreasedby$2million

comparedwith2015.Itwas$10.99millionwhenitfirstwasputupforsalein2013.

JackieKennedysSummerHouse

AnotherKennedy-linkedpropertyforsaleistheLasataestateintheHamptons,

designedbyarchitectArthurC.Jacksonandbuiltin1917.Setonmorethanseven

acresoflandneartheocean,itincludesa10-bedroomhousethatwasrestoredin2007,

includingathree-cargaragebuilding.It'sonthemarketfor$38.9million,alittlebit

higherthanlastyear.

ChesterA.Arthur'sSummerWhiteHouse

ChesterA.Arthur,whobecamethe21stpresidentin1881,spentsomeofhis

downtimehere.Thethree-story,six-bedroomVictorianmansion,whichwasbuiltin

1796andhasbeenrecentlyrestored,isforsalewitha$14.2millionpricetag,down

from$20millionin2015.Featuresincludealibrarywithfireplace,aformaldining

andlivingroomandafamilyroomoverlookingthegardenandtheswimmingpool.

PresidentObama'sSummerRental

ThisMartha'sVineyardhomeservedasthesummerWhiteHousetoPresident

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Obama.ItiscurrentlyforsaleforS19.1million,downfromS22.5millioninJuly

2015.Setonnineacresoflandandwithitsownprivateroad,thispropertynodoubt

actedasaperfectsummerhideawayforthosewhodidn'twanttheireverymovement

seen.Inadditiontoprivacy,otherfeaturesincludeaheatedpool,half-basketballcourt,

outdoorterracesandatwo-bedroomguestcottage

21.Whichhousehasthelongesthistory?

A.PresidentObama'sSummerRental

B.JackieKennedy'sSummerHouse

C.ChesterA.Arthur'sSummerWhiteHouse

D.JohnF.Kennedy'sWeekendRetreat

22.WhatisthefeatureofPresidentObama'sSummerRental?

A.PrivacyB.ArchitectureC.LocationD.Price.

23.Whatdothefourhouseshaveincommon?

A.Theirpricesaregoingdowntheseyears.

B.TheyhaveconnectionswithUSpresidents.

C.Theyhaveahistoryofmorethanacentury.

D.Theyhavemorethan5bedroomsinthehouse.

B

Itwasjustonewordinoneemail,butitcausedhugefinanciallossesfora

multinationalcompany.Themessage,writteninEnglish,wassentbyanativespeaker

toacolleagueforwhomEnglishwasasecondlanguage.Unsureoftheword.the

receiverfoundtwocontradictorymeaningsinhisdictionary.Heactedonthewrong

one.Monthslater,seniormanagementinvestigatedwhytheprojecthadfailed,costing

hundredsofthousandsofdollars.

Whensuchmisunderstandingshappen,it'susuallythenativespeakerswhoareto

blame.Ironically,theyareworseatdeliveringtheirmessagethanpeoplewhospeak

Englishasasecondorthirdlanguage.

AlotofnativespeakersarehappythatEnglishhasbecometheworld'sglobal

language.Theydon'tfeeltheneedtoaccommodateoradapttoothers.Theyoftentalk

toofastforotherstofollowandusejokes,slang,shortformsandreferencesspecific

totheirownculture.ThefirsttimeIworkedinaninternationalinstitution,somebody

said‘ETA16:

53'andIthought‘WhatthehellisETA?

',saysMichaelBlatter,an

executiveinaninternationalcompany.

Andthenthere'sculturalstyle.WhenaBritishreactstoaproposalbysaying

hat'sinteresting,afellowBritishmightrecognizethisashat'srubbishButother

nationalitieswouldtakethewordinterestingonfacevalue.

Also,lotsoftheinformationisnotfullyunderstoodbecauseofthecomplex

languagenativespeakersuse.Toomanynon-nativespeakers,especiallytheAsians

andtheFrench,aretooconcernedaboutnot“losingface”andnodapprovinglywhile

notgettingthemessageatall,becauseofwhich,thenativespeakerscontinue

deliveringinformationthatmakeslittlesensetothem.Theinformationgapis

unnoticedandkeepswidening.

Nativespeakersshouldcommunicateefficientlywithsimplelanguage.When

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tryingtocommunicateinEnglishwithagroupofpeoplewithdifferentlevelsof

fluency,it'simportantfornativespeakerstomakethesamepointinacoupleof

differentwaysandaskforsomeacknowledgement,reactionandaction,toknow

whetherthey'vebeenunderstoodornot.

24.Thefirstparagraphofthepassageiswrittento_____.

A.tellreadersaninterestingstory

B.introducethetopicofthepassage

C.statetheimportanceofEnglish

D.showanexampleofcommunication

25.WhatcanwelearnaboutMichael?

A.HethinksBritishpeopletalktoofast

B.Hefeelsnoneedtoadapttoothers

C.He'snotanativeEnglishspeaker.

D.HefindsBritishculturehardtounderstand

26.WhatmightcausetheAsiansandtheFrenchto“loseface”accordingtothe

passage?

A.Beingunabletousecomplexlanguage

B.Beingnon-nativeEnglishspeakers

C.Failingtounderstandnativespeakers

D.Noddingapprovinglywhilelistening

27.Nativespeakersareadvisedtoaskforlistenersacknowledgementinorderto____.

A.talktoagroupofpeopleatthesametime

B.learnaboutlisteners'levelsoffluency

C.getsuggestionsfromlisteners

D.checklisteners'understanding

C

Scientistshaveidentifiedtheorderofthegeneofthegiraffeforthefirsttimeto

helpexplainhowthetallestanimalsonearthdevelopedtheirremarkablylongnecks.

Beingagiraffeisnoteasy.Topumpbloodtwometersupfromthechesttothe

braincallsforapowerfulheartandtwicethebloodpressureofothermammals.

Giraffesalsoneedspecialsafetysystemtoletthembenddownforadrinkandraise

theirheadsagainwithoutfeelingdizzy.

Theanimals'uniquebodystructurehaslongbeenapuzzleforbiologists,

includingCharlesDarwin.Now,bycomparingthegeneofthegiraffewithitsclosest

relative,theshort-neckedokapi,scientistshavesolvedpartofthepuzzlebystudying

changesinasmallnumberofgenesresponsiblebothforregulatingbodyshapeand

circulation.Thissuggeststhatthedevelopmentofalongneckandapowerfulheart

wenthandinhand,drivenbyarelativelysmallnumberofgeneticchanges.

Theinterpretationofthegeneticfactorsbehindthegiraffe'sremarkableheart

systemcouldalsobeinstructiveforhumanhealth,sincetheanimalsappeartoavoid

thekindoforgandamageoftenfoundinpeoplewithhighbloodpressure.

Themorefundamentalquestionofwhygiraffesdevelopedtheirlongnecks

remainsopen,however.Theapparentlyself-evidentideathatitwastoreach

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ever-higherfoodsupplieshasbeenchallengedinthepast20yearsbyacompeting

beliefthatitisactuallyduetocompetitionamongfightingmalesforfemales.

Unlikelong-neckedbirds,whichhaveadditionalvertebrae（椎骨）,giraffeshave

thesamesevenvertebraefoundinallmammals,althoughtheirsaregreatlyextended.

28.Astrongheartisveryimportantforagiraffebecauseit____.

A.pumpsbloodtothebrainhighaboveitsbody

B.keepsthebloodpressureatanormallevel

C.helpsthegiraffefindadrinkatlowerplaces

D.keepsthegiraffesafeindifferentenvironments

29.Scientistscomparethegeneofthegiraffeandtheshort-neckedokapibecausethe

latter___.

A.hasaquitespecialbodystructure

B.isapuzzleworthfurtherstudy

C.isinthesamefamilyasthegiraffe

D.hasgonethroughfewgeneticchanges

30.Whichpossiblycausedthegiraffetodevelopalongneck?

A.Itsfavoritefoodathighplaces

B.Itsattemptstoattractfemales

C.Itsneedtoavoidorgandamage.

D.Itsgreatly-extendedvertebrae

31.What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Tointroduceanewfindingofscience.

B.Toexplaingeneticchangesinanimals.

C.Todescribegiraffesbodystructure.

D.Tochallengeabeliefoftwentyyears.

D

Bettysmith'sfirstnovel,ATreeGrowsinBrooklyn,becameimmediatelypopular

whenitwaspublishedin1943.Thestoryissetintheyearsof1900to1920.Ittellsof

FrancieNolanandherparents,whowereborntoimmigrants,andtheirstruggleto

providefortheirfamily.Smithsaysshebasedthestoryonherownexperiences

growingupintheneighborhoodofWilliamsburginBrooklyn,aboroughofNew

YorkCity.It'swidelybelievedthatthecharacterofFrancieisbasedonSmith.

Thetreeofthebook'stitlereferstothebigTreeofHeavenwhichgrowsnearthe

family'sapartmentbuilding,despiteattemptstogetridofit.It'sasymbolforFrancie

herself.Francieisdeterminedtosurviveandimproveherlife,despitethingsthatget

inherway:

herfatherisanalcoholicanddies,hermotherdoesn'tcareaboutFrancie's

dreamsandherfamilyisalmostconstantlypoor.

ThenoveltellsthestoryofhowFrancie'sparents,JohnnyandKatieNolan,met

asteenagers.Katielaterbecamepregnant,andtheymarriedbeforeeitherofthemhad

turned20.Despitehischarmandgoodnature,Johnnyisanalcoholicwho