全国职称英语等级考试综合类B级试题及答案.docx

全国职称英语等级考试综合类B级试题及答案.docx

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全国职称英语等级考试综合类B级试题及答案

2015年全国职称英语等级考试综合类（B级）试题及答案

2015职称英语综合类B真题及答案（完整版）

　　第1部分词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1.Theorganizationwas bold enoughtofacethepress.

　　A.pleased　B.powerfulC.braveD.sensible

　　2.Iwillnot tolerate thatsortofbehaviorinmyclass.

　　A.acceptB.controlC.observeD.regulate

　　3.Irealizedtomy horror thatIhadforgottenthepresent.

　　AlimitB.fearC.powerD.fool

　　4.Mostpeoplefind rejection hardtoaccept.

　　A.excuseB.clientC.destinyD.refusal

　　5.She'sextremelycompetentand industrious.

　　A.hardworkingB.honestC.objectiveD.independent

　　6.Thedoctorsdidnot reveal thetruthtohim.

　　A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish

　　7.Hetriedto assemble histhoughts.

　　A.clearB.shareC.gatherD.spare

　　8.Thelawcarriesa penalty ofuptothreeyearsinprison.

　　A.messageB.punishmentC.guiltD.obligation

LivingHistoryatJamestownSettlement

　　AwomaninNativeAmericanclothesissittinginthesun,sewingadressfromskin.Insideabuilding,acolonistismakingawoodenchair,usingverysimpletools.Andallaround,touristsaretakingpictureswiththeirdigital（数码的）cameras.ThisisJamestownSettlementtoday.

　　Jamestown,Virginia,wasoneofthefirstplacesintheworldwherepeoplefromEurope,America,andAfricacametogetherin1608.Today,itisalivinghistorymuseum,wherechildrenandadultscometoexperiencehistory.Inalivinghistorymuseum,actorswearclothesfromthepastanddemonstratemanyoftheactivitiesofdailylifebackthen.Theactorsalsotalktothevisitorsandexplaineverythingtheydo.

　　AtaLivingHistorymuseum,therearealwaysmanythingstotouch,hear,andsmellVisitorsatJamestownSettlementcanwalkthroughcopiesofthethreesmallsailingshipsthatcarriedcoloniststoVirginiaandevenliedowninacolonist’sbed.Thecolonistsstayedonthecrowed,dangerousshipsformorethanfourmonths.WhentheygottoVirginiatheybuiltanareaofhouseswithahighwallarounditintoday’sfort（堡垒），youcanseehouses,achurch,andevenagardenwithfoodsthatthecolonistsate.Womeninlongdressesworkinsidetheirhomes,andvisitorscanhelpthemwiththeirsewingandcooking.

　　ThereisalsoanIndianVillageatJamestownSettlement,anditlooksverydifferentfromthefort.ItshowshowtheIndianslivedinlonghousesandgrewcornandothercropsinlargefields.Actorstheremakepottery（陶器）andteachvisitorshowtoplayIndiangames.YoucanevenhelpthemmakeanIndianboatfromatree.

　　TodaythelivinghistorymuseumofJamestownisverypopular,especiallywithchildrenandfamilies.Peoplecomeheretohavefun,butalsotolearn.Manyschoolclassesvisittoexperienceoldwaysofgettingthingsdone.Alivinghistorymuseumisthebestwaytounderstandhowpeoplelivedinthepast.

　　16.TouristsliketotakepicturesinJamestownSettlementtoday.

　　ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

　　17,inJamestownSettlement,peoplefromthreedifferentculturescametogetherin1608.

　　ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

　　18.Atalivinghistorymuseum,visitorscannottouchanyofthethingsondisplay.

　　ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

　　19.ThefirstcoloniststoJamestownSettlementwerefromEngland.

　　ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

　　20.Theactorsworkingatthemuseumexplainwhattheytodothevisitors.

　　ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

　　21.inJamestown,visitorscanwalkthroughtherealshipsthecolonistsused.

　　ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

　　22.ChildrenandfamiliesenjoyplayingIndiangames.

　　ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

　　第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　下面的短文后有两项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中未第2~5段每段选择1个最佳标题;

（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

TeachingIs“OneoftheLeastPopularJobsintheUK”

　　1）TheUKgovernmenthasjustpublishedareportonthefutureofsecondary-schoolteaching（pupilsaged11~16）,andtheconclusionofthereportisthatmanysecondaryschoolsnowfacegreatdifficultiesinfindingpeoplewhowanttobeteachers.Sincethe1980s,thenumberofgraduateswhosaytheywould“seriouslyconsider”teachingasacareerhasfallensharply,from64%in1982tojust17%today.Thereportsuggeststhaturgentactionneedstobetakeninordertoencouragemoreintelligentyounggraduatesintoteaching.

　　2）Themaindrawbackofsecondaryteaching,accordingtothereport,isthelowsalary.Earningsinteachingaremuchlowerthaninmanyotherjobs,andthismeansthatfewerandfeweryoungpeopledecidetobeteachers.JoanneManners,24isagoodexample.“Igraduatedinmathslastyear,andIwasthinkingofdoingateachertrainingcoursetobecomeamathsteacher—butwhenIlookedintothedetails,itbecameclearthatteachingisn’taverylucrative（赚钱的）jobthesedays.IsawIcouldearntwiceasmuchifIworkedinmarketingoradvertising,andsoIdecidednottobecomeateacher.”

　　3）It’snotjustaboutthemoney,however.Thesurveyconcludedthat anotherreasonwhypeopledon’twanttobeteachersisthatsometeenagersbehaveverybadlyinschool.Alotofschoolshaveproblemswithdiscipline,anditseemsclearthatchildrendonothavethesamerespectforteachersasinthepast.Here’stheviewofDaveHallam,anaccountantfromLondon:

”Ithinkparentsaretoblame.Theyshouldhavestricterruleswiththeirchildrenathomeandalsoteachtheirchildrentohavemorerespectforteachers.”

　　4）“Itmakesmefeelsoproud.”SaysBrianJones,whoworksinasecondaryschoolinLondon.Sowhatdoeshethinkthegovernmentshoulddotoencouragemorepeopletobecometeachers?

”“Myviewisthatthegovernmentshouldreducetheburdenofworkonteachers.IfindthatIalwayshavetoomuchworktodo.”

　　5）Thereportisclearthattheproblemofteachershortageisavery seriousone.Itsaysthatthegovernmentshouldraiseteachers’paysignificantly,tocatchupwithworkersinotherprofessions.Italsosuggeststhatthegovernmentcouldlaunchanationwidepublicitycampaign,withsomeadvertisementsonTVandinthenewspapers,toshowthepositivesidesofteachingtoyoungpeople.Anothersolutioncouldbesetamaximumnumberofhoursperweekthatteacherscanwork,inordertoreducestressonteachers.“Hopefully,”thereportconcludes,“thesesolutionscanimprovethepoorimageofsecondaryteaching,andincreasethenumberofyoungpeoplewhowanttobecometeachersinthefuture.

　　【题干】

　　23.Paragraph1__________

　　24.Paragraph2__________

　　25.Paragraph3__________

　　26.Paragraph4__________

　　【选项】

　　A.Students’badbehaviorandlackofdiscipline

　　B.Improvementofchildrenbehavior

　　C.Heavyworkloadonteachers

　　D.Theproblemoflowsalary

　　E.Areportonteachershortage

　　F.Anationwidepublicitycampaign

　　【题干】

　　27.Moreandmoreyoungpeopleareheldbackfromteaching____________.

　　28.Parentsareencouragedtobacktheteacherupwhenthereare_________

　　29.Thegovernmentshouldreducetheworkloadonteacherstoease_________.

　　30.Thegovernmentshouldpromoteteachingasacareerbyadvertising_________.

　　【选项】

　　A.Itsbenefits

　　B.Theirchildhoodmemories

　　C.theirstress

　　D.moretraining

　　E.disciplineproblems

　　F.becauseofitslowpay

　　第4部分阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇WhyBuyShade-GrownCoffee?

　　Whenpeopleargueaboutwhethercoffeeisgoodforhealth,they'reusuallythinkingofthehealthofthecoffeedrinker.Isitfoodforyourheart?

Doesitincreasebloodpressure?

Doesithelpyouconcentrate?

However,coffeeaffectsthehealthofthehumanpopulationinotherways,too.

　　Traditionally,coffeebusheswereplantedunderthecanopy（树冠）oftallerindigenous（土生土长的）trees.However,moreandmorefarmersinLatinAmericaaredeforestingthelandtogrowfull-suncoffees.Atfirst,thisincreasesproductionbecausemorecoffeebushescanbeplantediftherearen’tanytrees.Withincreasedproductioncomeincreasedprofits.

　　Unfortunately,deforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediatelydecreaseslocal-wildlifehabitat.Nativebirdsnestandhidefrompredators（捕食者）inthetalltreesandmigratingbirdsrestthere.

　　Furthermore,inthelongterm,thefull-sunmethodalsodamagestheecosystembecausemorechemicalfertilizersandpesticidesareneededtogrowthecoffee.Thefertilizersandpesticideskillinsectsthateatcoffeeplant,butthenthebirdseatthepoisonedinsectsandalsodie.Thechemicalskillorsickenotheranimalsaswell,andcanevenenterthewaterthatpeoplewilleventuallydrink.

　　Fortunately,farmersinCentralandSouthAmericaarebeginningtogrowmorecoffeebushesintheshade.Wecansupportthesefarmersbybuyingcoffeewithsuchlabelsas"shadegrown"and"birdfriendly.Sure,thesevarietiesmightcostalittlemore.Butwe'repayingforthehealthofthebirds,theland,ourselves,andtheplanet.Ithinkit'sworthit.

　　31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

　　A.Farmersarechangingthewaytheygrowcoffee.

　　B.Coffeeisbecomingmoreexpensivetoproduce.

　　C.Shade-growcoffeeismoreexpensivethansun-growcoffee.

　　D.Peopleshouldbuyshade-growncoffee.

　　32.Thefunctionoftheword"Traditionally"inParagraph2istoshow_____.

　　A.thepositiveeffectsofcoffee.

　　B.achangeofcoffeegrowth.

　　C.somethingthatisthemostimportant.

　　D.howcoffeeproductionusedtobe.

　　33.Whatdoesincreasedproductionoffull-suncoffeebringabout?

　　A.Moreinsects.

　　B.Betterqualitycoffee.

　　C.Largerfarms.

　　D.Higherprofits.

　　34.Howdofarmersfindmorelandforgrowingfull-suncoffee?

　　A.Theybuymorelandfromotherfarmers.

　　B.Theycutdowntrees.

　　C.Theymovetoanothercountry.

　　D.Theytur