供应链管理外文翻译.docx

供应链管理外文翻译.docx

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供应链管理外文翻译

毕业论文材料：

英文文献及译文

课题名称：

电子商务环境下XX公司

供应链管理研究

IIMBManagementReview

Volume23,Issue4,December2011,Pages234–245

Sustainablesupplychainmanagement:

Reviewandresearchopportunities

∙SudheerGupta OmkarD.Palsule-Desai

Abstract

Anthropogenicemissionslikelyposeseriousthreattothestabilityofourenvironment;immediateactionsarerequiredtochangethewaytheearth’sresourcesareconsumed.Amongthemanyapproachestomitigationofenvironmentaldeteriorationbeingconsidered,theprocessesfordesigning,sourcing,producinganddistributingproductsinglobalmarketsplayacentralrole.Considerableresearcheffortisbeingdevotedtounderstandinghoworganisationalinitiativesandgovernmentpoliciescanbestructuredtofacilitateincorporationofsustainabilityintodesignandmanagementofentiresupplychain.Inthispaper,wereviewthecurrentstateofacademicresearchinsustainablesupplychainmanagement,andprovideadiscussionoffuturedirectionandresearchopportunitiesinthisfield.Wedevelopanintegrativeframeworksummarisingtheexistingliteratureunderfourbroadcategories:

（i）strategicconsiderations;（ii）decisionsatfunctionalinterfaces;（iii）regulationandgovernmentpolicies;and（iv）integrativemodelsanddecisionsupporttools.Weaimtoprovidemanagersandindustrypractitionerswithanuancedunderstandingofissuesandtrade-offsinvolvedinmakingdecisionsrelatedtosustainablesupplychainmanagement.WeconcludethepaperbydiscussingenvironmentalinitiativesinIndiaandtherelevanceofsustainabilitydiscussionsinthecontextoftheIndianeconomy.

Keywords

∙Sustainablesupplychainmanagement; 

∙Greensupplychains; 

∙Closed-loopsupplychains; 

∙Sustainability;

∙Extendedproducerresponsibility; 

∙Emissionstrading

Introduction

Abroadconsensushasbynowemergedthatanthropogenicemissionsposeseriousthreattothestabilityofourenvironment,andthattheresultingchangeswillaffectourecosystembydisruptingfoodandwatersupplies,submergingcoastalwetlands,andcausingsevereweatherpatternsandspeciesextinction.Theglobalaveragetemperaturehasbeenrisingsincetheearly1900s,andhasrisenbymorethan0.5°Cinthelast50yearsalone,withanaccompanyingriseinglobalaveragesealevelsanddropinNorthernHemispheresnowcover（IPCC,2007a）.Decadesofcarefuldatacollection,analysisandprojectionsbygroupsofscientistsandresearchersaroundtheworldhaveconfirmedthattheworldfacesseverechangeswithanexpected2–4°Criseinglobalaveragetemperaturebytheyear2100:

30–40%ofthespeciescouldbeextinct,closetoathirdofglobalcoastalwetlandsareindangerofbeingsubmerged,millionsofpeoplewilllikelyfacefoodandwatershortages,andmanydenselypopulatedareasoftheworld,includingmanypartsofAsia,willfacehigherratesofmorbidityandmortalityfromheatwaves,floodsanddroughts（IPCC,2007b）.

Alargepartoftheblamehasbeenattributedtothesixgreenhousegases（GHGs）thatareknowntotrapheatintotheearth’satmosphereandcontributetoariseinglobaltemperature:

primaryonesbeingcarbondioxide,methane,andnitrousoxide.Asmeasurementshaveshown,concentrationsofGHGsintheearth’satmospherehavebeenrelativelystableoverthelast10,000years（atbetween250and300partspermillion）.However,inthelast150yearsorso—sincethebeginningofindustrialrevolution—concentrationsofcarbondioxideintheatmospherehaveshotupbymorethan30%（fromlessthan300 ppmtocloseto400 ppm）,andconcentrationsofmethanehavealmostdoubled（IPCC,2007a）.Severallargescalemodelprojectionshaveshownthatabusiness-as-usualscenario,withnochangesinourproductionmethodsandconsumptionhabits,willleadtoanimbalanceintheecosystemanddamagethestabilityofourenvironment.

Thereisanobviousneedforurgentactiontochangethewayweconsumetheearth’sresources.Amongthemanyapproachestomitigationandadaptationbeingconsidered,theprocessesfordesigning,sourcing,producinganddistributingproductsinglobalmarketsplayacentralrole,astheseactivitiesaccountforabulkoftheresourcesconsumedandtheenvironmentalimpact.Forexample,intheUnitedStates,industrialactivitiesaccountforaboutathirdoffossilfuelrelatedcarbondioxideemissions;another40%areaccountedforbytransportation（EPA,2007）.Evidently,designandmanagementofsupplychainactivitiesisaprimaryfactorinpromotingenvironmentalsustainability.

Inthispaper,wereviewthecurrentstateofacademicresearchindesigningandmanagingsustainablesupplychains,andprovideadiscussionoffuturedirectionsandresearchopportunitiesinthisrapidlyevolvingfield.InSection 2,weprovideadefinitionanddescriptionofSustainableSupplyChainManagement.InSection 3,wesummariseanddiscussexistingclassificationsandreviewsofresearchinthisfield,anddescribehowourperspectivediffersfromthoseintheliterature.Section 4 presentsthebulkofrecentresearchinthisareathatfitsourintegrativeperspective,summarisedunderfourbroadcategories:

（i）Strategicconsiderations;（ii）Decisionsatfunctionalinterfaces;（iii）Regulationandgovernmentpolicies;and（iv）Integrativemodelsanddecisionsupporttools.WeconcludeinSection 5 withadiscussionofsomeenvironmentalinitiativesinIndiaandtherelevanceofsustainabilitydiscussionsinthecontextoftheIndianeconomy.

SustainableSupplyChainManagement（SSCM）

WedefineSustainableSupplyChainManagement（SSCM）asasetofmanagerialpracticesthatincludeallofthefollowing:

●Environmentalimpactasanimperative;

●Considerationofallstagesacrosstheentirevaluechainforeachproduct;and

●Amulti-disciplinaryperspective,encompassingtheentireproductlife-cycle.

Thisdefinitionimpliesafewbroadthemesinourperspectiveonenvironmentalsustainability.First,firmsmustviewenvironmentalimpactoftheiractivitiesasanintegralpartofdecision-making,ratherthanasaconstraintimposedbygovernmentregulationorsocialpressure,orasafadtoexploitbyappearingtobe“green”.Second,firmsmustpayattentiontoenvironmentalimpactacrosstheentirevaluechain,includingthoseofsuppliers,distributors,partnersandcustomers.Third,firms’viewofsustainabilitymusttranscendanarrowfunctionalperspectiveandencompassabroaderviewthatintegratesissues,problemsandsolutionsacrossfunctionalboundaries.

Inkeepingwiththisdefinition,ourreviewoftheliteratureonSSCMadoptsafirmperspective,ratherthansocietalorpolicy-makers’perspective,andfocusesonorganisationaldecisionsrelatedtotheentireproductlife-cyclethatinvolvesdesign,production,distribution,consumeruse,post-userecoveryandreuse.Wedonotlimitourselvestoliteratureinanyoneacademicdiscipline;rather,wefocusoninteractionsacrossfunctionalareasincludingcorporatestrategy,productdesign,productionandinventorymanagement,marketinganddistribution,and,regulatorycompliance.

Thepaperisintendedtoprovidemanagersandindustrypractitionerswithanuancedunderstandingofissuesandtrade-offsinvolvedinmakingdecisionsrelatedtoSSCM.ThepaperisalsointendedtoprovidemanagementresearcherswithasummaryofthecurrentstateoftheartinSSCMresearch,andaroadmapforfutureresearchdirections.

SSCMresearch:

reviewsandclassification

SeveralexcellentreviewshavebeenwrittenovertheyearsthatexaminevariousaspectsofSSCM-relatedresearch.Whilethesereviewsadoptdifferentperspectivesfromours,readersinterestedinexploringaparticularaspectofSSCMwouldfindthemuseful.Forinstance,manyoftheexistingreviewsexploretheSSCMliteratureforimplicationsofenvironmentalconcernsonfirm’sindividualfunctionsinvolvingactivitiessuchasproductdesign,productionplanning,orinventorymanagement.Onthecontrary,weexaminetheexistingstudiesfromavalue-chainperspective,anddiscussenvironmentalconcernsinmanagerialdecisionsacrossfunctions.Moreover,mostoftheexistingreviewscoverliteraturethatis,insomecases,overadecadeold.Ourreviewfocusesonmorerecentresearchinthisfastchangingandgrowingfield.

EarlyresearcheffortsinSSCMwerelargelydevotedtounderstandingthetechnicalandoperationalconsiderationsinherentincollecting,testing,sorting,andremanufacturingofreturnedproducts.Researchinthisdomaincanbroadlybeclassifiedunderthefollowingheadings:

（i）Productionplanning,schedulingandcontrol;（ii）Inventorymanagement;and（iii）Reverselogistics.Whileresearchintheseareascontinues,giventheavailabilityofexcellentreviewscoveringthisdomain,wewillabstractfromtheseissuesinourreview,andencouragethereaderstoconsultthepapersmentionedbelow.

Inanearlyreviewoftheliterature, Greenberg（1995） surveystheuseofmathematicalprogrammingmodelsforcontrollingenvironmentalquality,focussingonair,water,andland.Thepaperislimitedtogeneralequilibriummodelswithmultipledecisionmakingagents,whereanequivalentmathematicalprogramcanbeformulatedtocomputeafixedpoint.Thereviewprovidesanannotatedbibliographywithmorethan300papers,andidentifiesmanyresearchavenuesforstudiesusingmathematicalprogramminginaddressingenvironmentalconcerns. Fleischmannet al.（1997） focusonquantitativemodelsofreverselogistics,andsubdividetheliteratureinthreeareas:

distributionplanning,inventorycontrol,andproductionplanning.Foreachoftheseareas,theauthorsdiscusstheimplicationsoftheproductreuseeffortsbeingexploredatthetime,reviewthemathematicalmodelsproposedinth