完整高中英语状语从句学案.docx
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完整高中英语状语从句学案
2013/7/26
高考英语语法学案
专题四——状语从句条件状从，地点状从，原因状从，结果状从，英语中的状语从句用来修饰谓语或者整个主句按照功能可以分为：
时间状从，目的状从，让步状从，方式状从，比较状从。
1、时间状语从句as用法一览表。
）when、while、（1
类别作用
句例
既可以表示在某一（atorduringthetimethat）点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句when与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。
）
Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.（指时间点wenttothewelibraryeveryWhenwewereatschool,）day.（在一段时间内注意：
表“突然”when
“在某一段或while意思是“当……的时候”时间里”。
主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动while
词一般要用延续性动词。
在when表示aperiodoftime时，两者可以互换。
Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.Strikewhiletheironishot.（用as或when不可，这里的while意思是“趁……”）
as
as表“当……的时候”和when/while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。
还表示“一边一边”“随着”
）
同时ShecameupasIwascooking.（）几乎同时Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.（
2）引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：
（一……就①assoonas，directly,immediately,themoment,theminute…
AssoonasIhavefinishedit,I'llgiveyuacall.Hemadeforthedoordirectlyheheardtheknock.
②hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,
表示“一……就”Wehadhardlygot/Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.
Nosoonerhadhearrived/Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanshestartedcomplaining.
用法sincenotuntilbeforeuntil…,until,before,since③till,not…用法强调，倒桩
NotuntilyearslatercouldIrealizethevalueofthatkindofgiving.ed.Don'tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopp
ItwasnotuntilyearslaterthatIcouldrealizethevalueofthatkindof
Hewaitedforhisfatheruntil（till）itwastwelveo'clock.
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2013/7/26高考英语语法学案
giving
谓语非延续，hasbeenillsinceshecameback.\She
从句非延续，自。
。
。
以来，已经有。
。
。
年。
一段时间Itis/hasbeen++since区分：
Itistwoyearssincehebegantosmoke.
Itistwoyearssincehesmoked
过了多久才？
肯定句：
一段时间，距离+before
ItwillbefiveyearsbeforehereturnsfromEngland.Before:
1
和wewaitedalongime,beforehecameout.
.否定句一段时间、距离+before过不了多久就Itwon'tbefiveyearsbeforehereturnsfromEngland.
还没有，还没来得及，免得hediedbeforehewroteawill.ImustwriteitdownbeforeIforget,.
④eachtime,everytime,bythetime
Eachtimehecametomycity,hewouldcallonme.
注意：
表示未来情况，主句用将来时，从句用现在时。
2、地点状语从句：
where,wherever
Makeamarkwhereveryouhaveanyquestions.
WewillgowherethePartydirectsus.
3、原因状语从句：
because,,as,since=nowthat
（1）表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。
YouwanttoknowwhyI'mleaving?
I'mleavingbecauseI'mfull.
for虽然表示不知道的原因，但其语气较because要弱得多，是可说可不说的话，它只能置于主句之后，这时，for是并列连词。
如：
It'smorningnow,forthebirdsaresinging.（很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。
）
（2）表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。
since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于语句之前。
Seeingallofthechildrenalreadyseated,hesaid,“Sinceeveryoneishere,let'sstart.”
Nowthat/Sincenooneisagainstart,,let'scarryouttheplan.
4.条件状语从句：
if,unless,so（as）longas,onconditionthat.incase,once一旦注意if与unless的区别
Incaseanythingimportanthappens，pleasecallmeup.
Myparentsdon'tmindwhatjobIdoaslongasIamhappy.
Youcangoswimmingonconditionthatyoudon'tgettoofarfromtheriverbank.
_______youstarteatinginahealthierway,weightcontrolwillbecomemucheasier.
A.unlessB.AlthoughC.BeforeD.Once
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2013/7/26高考英语语法学案
sothat,so…that,such…that…、结果状语从句：
5+that从句。
such+名词注意：
so+形容词/副词+that从句；sothat,inorderthat,forfearthatincase
、目的状语从句：
6注意：
目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。
不可置于句首。
Hestudiedhardsothathemightsucceed.
ComeearlyInorderthatyoumayseehim.
Idarenotgooutforfearthathemightseeme.
7.让步状语从句连用。
though与可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but
（1）althoughAlthoughtheyarepoor,theyarewarm-hearted.
.引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，“纵然”evenif或eventhough
（2）I'llgetthereevenif（though）Ihavetosellmyhousetogetenoughmoneytogobyair.
虽然while（3）Whileheisveryyoung,heknowsalotofknowledge.
.）.ornot
whether（……;（4）whether…orsviews,manyofthemthoughtdeeply.WhetherornotheagreedwithJohn'stillgottofindsomethingtoeat.
Whetherwegotoyourplaceorstayhere,we'vehowever、等。
whoever、whatever、wherever+everhowwhat5（）nomatter+who、、where、等疑问词，=该疑问词构成ys.Don'ttrusthim,nomatterwhat/whateverhesaWhoeverbreaksthelawwillbepublished.
Nomatterhowhardtheworkis,you'dbettertrytodoitwell.（6）as也可以引导让步状语从句。
要用倒装。
Childas（though）heis,heknowsalot.
MuchasIlikeit,Iwon'tbuy.
Tryashewould,hecouldn'tlifttheheavybox.
7、方式状语从句：
as,asif（though）
I'lldoasIamtoldto.
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.
9.比较状语从句：
than,as
注意：
状语从句中从句的省略现象
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高考英语语法学案2013/7/26
（1）连接词+过去分词
Don'tspeakuntilspokento.
Pressurecanbeincreasedwhenneeded.
Unlessrepaired,thewashingmachineisnouse.
（2）连词+现在分词
Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet.
（3）连词+形容词/其他
常见的有ifnecessary、ifpossible、whennecessary、ifany等。
高考真题探究（2006—2011年）
时间状从〖08辽宁〗Iusedtolovethatfilm______Iwasachild,butIdon'tfeelitthatwayanymore.
A.onceB.whenC.sinceD.although
【2011浙江卷4】OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway______mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.
A.after
B.while
C.since
D.when
〖06湖南〗Ihadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusilydryingmyselfwithatowel____Iheardthesteps.
A.whileB.whenC.sinceD.after
〖07江西〗Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemoremonths______hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that
〖07安徽〗ThefieldresearchwilltakeJoanandPaulaboutfivemonths;itwillbealongtime______wemeetthemagain.
A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.when
〖10陕西〗Johnthinksitwon'tbelong_______heisreadyforhisnewjob.
A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.since
〖09上海〗Youcan'tborrowbooksfromtheschoollibrary______yougetyourstudentcard.
A.beforeB.ifC.whileD.as
〖06四川〗--Whydidn'tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting？
--Herushedoutoftheroom____Icouldsayaword.
A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after
〖07天津〗Itisdifficultforustolearnalessoninlife______we'veactuallyhadthatlesson.A.untilB.afterC.sinceD.when
【2011上海卷36】Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwon'tbothertoseeit,orI'llwait____itcomesoutonDVD.
A.whether
B.after
C.thoughD.until
〖06广东〗“Youcan'thavethisfootballback_____youpromisenottokickitatmycatagain.”theoldmansaidfirmly.
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2013/7/26高考英语语法学案
D.until
C.whenB.sinceA.because
backhomeaftertheexperiment.
Itwas
untilmidnightthathedidn'tgoB.A.notuntilmidnightdidhego
notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn'tgoC.
Asisreported,itis100years_____________QinghuaUniversitywasfounded.
A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.since
【2011辽宁卷29】Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeech_____thestudentsstartedcheering.
A.sinceB.asC.whenD.than
原因状从〖08北京〗—DidyoureturnFred'scall?
—Ididn'tneedto____I'llseehimtomorrow.
A.thoughB.unlessC.whenD.because
〖06广东〗JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,____thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.
A.asB.ifC.whenD.where
条件状从〖07上海〗Smallsailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewater______theyarenotmanagedcarefully.
A.thoughB.beforeC.untilD.if
〖08全国Ⅰ〗—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummer?
—Idon'tmindwherewego______there'ssun,seaandbeach.
A.asifB.aslongasC.nowthatD.inorderthat
〖09陕西〗Myparentsdon'tmindwhatjobIdo______Iamhappy.
A.eventhoughB.assoonasC.aslongasD.asthough
〖08天津〗We'llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday_____itrainsorit'sverycold.
A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.until]
〖08全国Ⅱ〗Asmallcarisbigenoughforafamilyofthree______youneedmorespaceforbaggage.A.onceB.becauseC.ifD.unless
〖06江苏〗_____environmentaldamageisdone,ittakesmanyyearsfortheecosystem（生态系统）torecover.
D.Once
C.WhileA.EvenifB.Ifonly
让步状从【2011全国卷II19】Itwasanicemeal,_______alittleexpensive.A.thoughB.whetherC.asD.
since
【2011四川卷4】Frankinsistedthathewasnotasleep_____Ihadgreatdifficultyinwakinghimup.
A.whetherB.althoughC.forD.so
【2011天津卷5】____regularexerciseisveryimportant,it'sneveragoodideatoexercisetooclosetobedtime.
A.ItB.AsC.AlthoughD.Unless
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高考英语语法学案2013/7/26
〖10湖南〗Timisingoodshapephysically_______hedoesn'tgetmuchexercise.
A.ifB.eventhoughC.unlessD.aslongas
〖07浙江〗Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,_____theyknewittobevaluable.
A.asif
B.nowthatC.eventhoughD.sothat
【2011北京卷29】__________volleyballishermainfocus,she'salsogreatatbasketball.
A.Since
B.Once
C.UnlessD.While
【2011陕西卷19】__________allofthemarestrongcandidates,onlyonewillbechosenforthepost.
A.SinceB.WhileC.IfD.As
〖07山东〗_____Ireallydon'tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.A.As
B.SinceC.IfD.While
〖08湖南〗______theInternetisofgreathelp,Idon'tthinkit'sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.
A.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As
〖08全国Ⅰ〗Thelawyerseldomwearsanythingotherthanasuit______theseason.
D.however
C.wheneverA.whateverB.wherever【2011江西卷29】Pleasecallmysecretarytoarrangeameetingthisafternoon,or______itisconvenienttoyou.
A.wheneverB.howeverC.whichever
D.wherever
〖08辽宁〗______hungryIamIneverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.However
〖10上海〗_______youmayhave,youshouldgatheryourcouragetofacethechallenge.
A.HoweveraseriousproblemB.Whataseriousproblem
C.HoweverseriousaproblemD.Whatseriousaproblem
36.A37.A38.B39.D40.A41.B42.D43.D44.C45.B46.D47.C48.A49.C50.B51.A52.C53.
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