高中名词性从句讲解及练习.docx

高中名词性从句讲解及练习.docx

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高中名词性从句讲解及练习

名词性从句

主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，因此这四种从句统称为名词性从句。

这四种从句与主句间不用逗号。

一．名词性从句连接词的选用可分为三类：

1.that在名词性从句中只起连接作用，不充当成分，也没有实际意义。

Thathewillcomeiscertain.

Ithinkthathe’llbeallrightinafewdays.

ThefactisthatIhaveneverbeenthere.

Thefactthatshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.

2.whether/if在名词性从句中有“是否”之意，但不充当成分。

附Whether/if区分：

在宾语从句中可互换，但介词和discuss后的宾语从句用whether;其它名词性从句用whether；可以说whethertodo但不能说iftodo;可说whether/if……ornot,whetherornot，不能说ifornot.

Whethershe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.

Iwonderwhether/ifitistrue.

Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.

Theyaskedmethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.

Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.（不能用ifornot）

Idon’t’knowif/whethertheywillcomeornot.

另外别忘了if可引导条件状语从句。

试比较：

Pleaseletmeknowifyouwanttogo.

Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.

3.其它连接词的选用遵循：

“缺什么，补什么”的原则。

缺状语，补连接副词where,when,why,how;缺主语，宾语，表语，定语，补连接代词：

who,whom,what,which,whose.

Whereshehasgoneisnotknownyet.

Whyhediditwasn’tquiteclear.

Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.

Idon’tknowwherewearegoingtohavethemeeting.

Pleasetellmewhenweshalldiscussourworkplan.

Thisiswhyheislate.

Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.

Ireallydon’tknowwhatheisdoing.

Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.

Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.

Doyouknowwho/whomtheyarewaitingfor.

Heaskedwhosedictionaryitwas.

二．名词性从句应该注意的。

1.名词性从句用陈述语序。

注意whatisthematterwith…….被看作陈述语序。

如：

Doyouknowwhatisthematterwithhim?

不能用Doyouknowwhatthematteriswithhim?

2.同位语从句和定语从句的区分：

同位语从句对其前边的名词起解释补充说明,可译为“既;那就是”;定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用,译为“┉的”;that引导的定语从句在从句中要充当成分,作宾语,表语可省略;而that引导的同位语从句只起引导作用,不充当成分,不能省略.

Thesuggestion（that）ourteachergaveussoundsOK.

ThesuggestionthatweshouldarrangeourtimescientificallysoundsOK.

Thenews（that）youheardisnottrue.

ThenewsthatLincolnwasmurderedatatheatreistrue.

Thefactthatyoupointedoutmademeinterested.

Thefactthattherearenolivesonthemoonisknowntousall.

3.名词性从句中的what可改为定语从句thething（s）/person（s）that;whatever可改为anythingthat,whoever可改为anyonewho

Theyarecarefulaboutwhattheyeat.=Theyarecarefulaboutthethingsthattheyeat.

Heisnotwhatheusedtobe.=Heisnottheonethatheusedtobe.

HewouldbelievewhateverIsaid.=HewouldbelieveanythingthatIsaid.

Whoeverleavestheroomlastshouldturnoffthelight.=Anyonewholeaves

theroomlastshouldturnoffthelight.

4.wh-ever和nomatterwh-区分：

引导让步状语从句，wh-ever可换为nomatterwh-,引导名词性从句则不能。

如：

WhateverIsaid,hewouldn’tlistentome.=NomatterwhatIsaid,hewouldn’tlistentome.

5.名词性从句中that的省略：

宾语从句中的that可以省略，但并列的宾语从句只有第一个从句的that可以省略，第二个从句和第二个以后的that不能省；it作形式宾语的宾语从句that不能省;介词后的宾语从句的that不能省；表语从句中的that和it作形式主语的主语从句的that在口语中偶有省略。

同位语从句中的that不能省略。

6.reason或cause作主语以及why引导的主语从句作主语，其后的表语从句连接词不用because，常用that，而且since和as不能引导表语从句。

Whyfarmlandhereisbeinglostisthatfarmershavecutdowntoomanytreesinrecentyears.

Thereasonforhisbeingabsencefromtheconferencewasthathewasdelayedbytheaccident.

7.宾语从句：

be+sure/certain/glad/pleased/satisfied/surprised等也可接宾语从句。

I’mnotsurewhatIshoulddo.

I’mafraidyoudon’tunderstandwhatIsaid.

宾语从句否定的转移：

主句的主语是一人称，谓语是think、believe、suppose、expect、imagine等，对从句的否定习惯上要转移到主句上，并且其反义疑问句要和从句保持一致。

Idon’tthinkyouareright,areyou?

Idon’tbelievetheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet,havethey?

宾语从句后有宾语补足语要用it作形式宾语。

Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.

8.注意it作形式主语的主语从句和强调句的区分。

练习

1.Marywroteanarticleon______theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.

A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that

2.Assoonashecomesback,I’lltellhimwhen______andseehim.

A.youwillcomeB.willyoucomeC.youcomeD.doyoucome

3._____intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyouremailaccount.

A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires

4.Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand_______itisroughorsmooth.

A./B.whetherC.howD.which

5.Iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognize______sillymistakesIhadmade.

A.whatB.thatC.howD.which

6.Ilike______intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.

A.thisB.thatC.itD.one

7.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_____Idisagree.

A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how

8.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_______wasawastelandtenyearsago.

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where

9.Astorygoes______ElizabethⅠofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.

A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that

10.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.

A.asB.whichC.whatD.that

11.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise_______hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether

12.Itisprettywellunderstood______controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.

A.thatB.whenC.what.Dhow

13.–Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?

--Oh,that’s_______.

A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedabout

C.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited

14.______madetheschoolproudwas______morethan90percentofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.

A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because

15.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:

Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly______hewants.

A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that

16.There’safeelinginme______we’llneverknowwhataUFOis.

A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.when

17.I’lltellthem_____cametoseethemlastMonday.

A.whoeverB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.who

18.Theyarejustcollegegraduatesanddon’trealize_______tostartandrunacompany.

A.whattakesitB.whattheytakeC.whattakesthemD.whatittakes

19.Hisincometodayisdouble______itwasfiveyearsago.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as

20.Whenitwasclear______shedidnotspeakawordofEnglish,ItriedtotalktoherusingtheSpanishIlearnedwhilelivinginEurope.

A.whatB.thatC.whyD.how

21.After______seemedanendlesswait,itwashisturntohavetheinterview.

A.thatB.itC.what.Dall

22.Allthepeoplearoundtheworldhavethesamesimpledream______theywillalwaysliveinpeaceandcomfort.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

23._______wordsIusecannotexpressmyappreciationofyourtimelyhelp.

A.WhateverB.HowmanyC.NomatterwhatD.Whichever

24.–Doesitmattermuch______thesalesmanagerwon’tattendthemeetingtomorrow?

--I’venoidea.

A.ifB.whatC.whenD.that

25.Energyis______makesthingswork.

A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.that

26.Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow______.

A.didthequarrelcameoutB.thequarrelhadcomeabout

C.thequarrelhascomeaboutD.hadthequarrelcomeabout

27.Davelosthisjobandwasshortofmoney,so______hisflatandmoveinwithhisbrother.

A.thathedidwastosellB.whathedidwassell

C.whathedidsoldD.whathedidwassell

28.Wordcame______agroupofNewZealandguestswillcometovisitourschoolnextTuesday.

A.thatB.whichC./D.aboutwhich

29.Theyhavenoideaatall_______.

A.whatheisworkingonB.whatisheworkingonC.whatdidheworkon

D.whatheisworking

30.–Irangyouataboutnine,buttherewasnoreply.

--Oh,thatwasprobably______Iwasseeingthedoctor.

A.whyB.when.CwhatD.that

31._____DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.That’swhyshehasmadeuphermindnottoleavehim______happens.

A.Whatever;whateverB.Nomatterwhat;whateverC.Nomatterwhat;nomatterwhatD.Whatever;however

32.______isBritainnowusedtobethreedifferentcountriesandovermanyyearsthethreecountriesbecameone.

A.ItB.WhatC.WhereD.As

33.Thereisacommonbeliefamongthem_______rubbishcanandshouldbeputtogooduse.

A.whichB.ifC.whetherD.that

34.–Wouldyoutellme_____youwantyourtea,withsugarormilk?

--Sugar,please.

A.whetherB.whenC.whatD.how

35.–Whataboutyourhistorytest?

--I’veansweredallthequestions,butI’mnotsure_____I’vegotthemallright.

A.whatB.howC.whetherD.why

36.______surprisedmemostwas______suchalittleboycouldplayfootballsowell.

A.What;thatB.That;whatC.What;whetherD.That;why

37.Heis_____knownasahacker---helikesshowingoffontheInternetandattackwebsites

A.whoB.whatC.thatD.theman

38.Thatwas______wasknown______“thetheoryofrelativity”.

A.what;likeB.what;asC.which;likeD.which;as

39.______theworkersinsistedonwasthatthey______moretimetodoit.

A.That;mustbegivenB.What;shouldbegivenC.Whether;wouldbegivenD.Which;weregiven

40.Thereason_____shegavefornotbeingpresentwas______theheavysnowpreventedhercoming.

A./;becauseB.why;becauseC./;thatD.why;whether

41.I’msatisfied______shouldbedonehasalreadybeendone.

A.withwhatB.thatwhatC.bywhatD.that

42.Myhometownisnot_____itusedto_____tenyearsago.

A.when;doB.what;doC.when;beD.what;be

43.Thereason_____Ihavetogois______mymotherisillinbed.

A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because

44.Hissuggestion_____toseetheartexhibition______everyoneofus.

A.thatwego;interestedB.whichweshouldgo;interested

C.thatwewouldgo;interestD.wewouldgo;beinterestedin

45.Heoftenthinksof_____hecandomoreforhiscountry.

A.