中考英语专项复习非谓语动词攻略.docx
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中考英语专项复习非谓语动词攻略
中考英语专项复习非谓语动词攻略
()1.You hadbetter home at once. Don’t keep yourmother .
A.to, waitB. going,waiting C. to go,towaitD. go, waiting
() 2. Doyouknowthe “There is no use overthe spilt milk?
”
A. word, cryB.saying,crying C. saying, cryD. word,crying
()3.Remember the book intime when youhave finished it.
A. toreturn, readingB.returning, reading C. returning,toreadD. toreturn, to read
()4. Thestoryis . So we are in it.
A.interest, interestingB. interesting,interestingC. interested,interestingD. interesting,interested
() 5. I’dlike aword with you.
A.hadB. havingC. to haveD.have
()6.By then there maybe only standing room onthe earth. will be a veryserious problem.
A. Where to goB. Where tolive C. Where to sittingD. Where to stand
() 7. Hurryup!
It’s time .
A. for have classB. having class C. have classD.to haveclass
() 8. isreally dangerous!
A. Drive cars fastB. Driving cars fast C. To drivecar fastD. Drivingcarfast
() 9. It’ll take me only twenty minutes school.
A. walkB.walkingC. to walkD. walked
() 10. Wesometimes heard songsinEnglish.
A. that he singB. that he singsC. him tosingD. him sing
非谓语动词包含四种形式,即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
具体形式如下:
1. 不定式:
todo(表示主动,并且一般表示将来)
例如:
Theteachertoldustodomorningexercises. 老师让我们做早操。
2.动名词:
doing(表示主动)
例如:
Travellinginspacebyordinarypeoplewillbecommoninthefuture.在未来,普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。
3.现在分词:
doing(表示主动和进行)
例如:
Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.他坐在那里,读着一张报纸。
4.过去分词:
done
及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成;不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。
pollutedriver被污染的河流(及物动词pollute和river之间是被动关系,即“河流被污染”)
fallenleaves落叶(不及物动词fall和leaves之间是主动关系,即“叶子落下来”)
注意:
非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。
非谓语动词表示进行和将来是相对于谓语动作来说的:
和谓语动作同时发生表示进行;发生在谓语动作之后表示将来
PART1
() 8. Itoftentakes me half an hour home.
A. walking B. towalkC. walkedD. walk
() 41. It’s important andhelpful.
A.to be kindB. to kind C. be kindD. kind
() 10. I think it important English well.
A.learningB. learn C. to learnD. learned
() 75. It’s foolish her to overa film.
A. for, cry B. of,cryingC. for, cryingD. of, cry
() 14.Could youtell me this word?
A.to howreadB. how toread C. how readD.howread to
() 15. I don’t know .
A. when startB. when to start C. to howstartD.howstart
() 21. Would youplease ?
A.notto go thereB. to gothere C.notgo thereD. goingthere
() 22. You don’tlookwell. Why toseethe doctor?
A.notto goB. younotto go C. not goD. didn’tgo
() 32. Will you please get me something ?
A.to eatB. eatC. eatingD. foreating
() 60. Doyouhaveanything foryourself?
A. tellB. sayC. to tellD. to say
() 79. Doyouunderstand themachine.
A. how tooperateB. to howoperate C. to operateD. that youoperate
() 94. We haveno time arest.
A. haveB. take C. takingD.to have
一,动词不定式
to+动词原形
1.用形式主语it来代替动词不定式主语结构
It+be+adj.(+for/ofsb.)+todosth.
of:
kind,good,nice,clever
2.不定式和疑问词what,which,when,where,how等连用,相当于一个从句
不定式可以和疑问词what,how,when,where等连用,共同作句子的主语,宾语或表语等,但此时不定式一定要放在疑问词的后面。
结构是:
疑问词+to+动词原形
(什么时候离开去伦敦)hasnotyetbeendecided.(主语)
Mr.Smithdidn’tknow(是离开那儿还是留在那儿)(宾语)
IaskedProfessorXuhowtolearnmathwell.(直接宾语)
Thequestionwaswheretogetthemedicineneeded.(表语)
在宾语从句中,这类结构中常使用的动词是:
consider,decide,explain,wonder,know等。
3.常见的与不定式连用的词组和句型
Whynotdo…..?
Wouldratherdo
Canyouplease….?
Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.
It’stimetodo…
It’sone’sturnto…
填入正确的动词
Iwanttobuyanewcomputerthisafternoon.(想)
IwouldliketoinviteyoutocometomybirthdaypartythisSaturday.(希望)
Hefinallylearnedtoplaythepianowiththehelpoftheteacher.(学会)
Theymanagedtoescapethefireyesterday.(想方设法)
Heplantotravelaroundtheworld.(计划)
Wecan’taffordtogoabroadthissummer.(承担)
Heagreedtodoitatonce.(同意)
Iarrangedtowashclothestomorrowmorning.(安排)
Theboyaskstogotoschoolbybike.(要求)
Hechosetobelievewhatshehadsaid.(选择)
Shehasdecidedtohaveavacationthiswinter.(决定)
Shefearstoliveonthemountain.(害怕)
Ihavepromisedtogivethechildrensomebooks.(答应,承诺)
Sherefusedtobuyanewcellphoneforherboy.(拒绝)
4.只能接不定式做宾语的常用动词:
Want,wouldlike,wish,hope,help,learn,manage,offer,plan,afford,agree,arrange,ask,beg,care,choose,decide,demand,determine,expect,fear,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse
三个希望两答应want,wish,expect,agree,promise
两个要求莫拒绝demand,ask,refuse
设法学会做决定manage,learn,decide
不要假装在选择pretend,choose
做好准备有希望prepare,hope
计划安排有帮助plan,arrange,help
下定决心不要怕determine,fear
5.部分使役动词和感官动词用不定式做补语的时候,省略to
一感,二听,三让,四看,半帮助
妙语诠释】一感:
feel;二听:
hear,listento;三让:
make,let,have;四看:
see,notice,watch,ob-serve;半帮助:
help
但这些动词变成被动语态的时候,必须加上to
11. The funnystory makes us .(laugh)
24. Let’s to the cinema together.(go)
51. I neverheard him so.(say)
52. Theteachermade herstudents thetexttwice a day.(recite)
53. Shewas seen paper planes inthe room.(make)
Whatmakeshim(think)Iamascientist.
这部分动词,也可以接现在分词和过去分词做宾补,但在时间和语态上会有变化
Iheardhim(sing)anEnglishsonghalfanhourago.
Hewasheard(sing)anEnglishsonghalfanhourago.
Hewasheard(sing)anEnglishsongatthatmoment.
Marysawhermothermakethephonecall.
Marysawhermothermakingthephonecall.
Weoftenseehimsurroundedbymuchwork.
PART2
二,动名词
动名词的主动形式:
doing
动名词的被动形式:
beingdone
1.inconvenience,his,English,not,him,a,knowing,lot,brought,of
2.games,it,playing,a,time,waste,of,is,computer
3.today’s,I,finished,newspaper,reading,haven’t
4.LosAngeles,you,learn,English,at,American,about,will,to,to,the,culture,and,time,improve,coming,you
5.Prefer,night,doing,to,home,than,I,such,outside,at,staying,at,cold
1.用形式主语it
Itis+nouse/nogood/nofun等词+doingsth.
Itisagreatpleasure/awasteoftime等词+doingsth.
Itis+useless+doingsth.
2.只能接动名词的常用动词:
【速记口诀】
Mrs.P.Blackmissedabeefbag.(P·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。
)
【妙语诠释】该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语,这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。
这些动词分别是:
M=mind,r=risk,s=succeed,P=practice,B=bebusy,l=lookforwardto,a=admit,c=can'thelp,k=keepon,m=miss,i=insiston,s=suggest,s=stop,e=enjoy,d=delay, a=avoid,b=beworth,a=advise,g=giveup
一直忙于练习keep,bebusy,practice
想要继续完成feellike,keepon,finish
习惯期待花费beusedto,lookforwardto,spend
介意考虑放弃mind,consider,giveup
禁不住麻烦怎么样can’thelp,havetrouble/problem(in),what/howabout
建议喜欢开心suggest,enjoy,havefun
允许避免延迟allow,avoid,delay
不喜欢逃跑和错过dislike,escape,miss
填入正确的形式或单词
4. Thegirl studentsenjoy English songs.(sing)
5. Thankyou for usso well.(teach)
6. I oftendosome on Sundays.(wash)
26. Haveyou read thebook?
It’s worth .(read)
30. in the sun is bad foryoureyes.(read)
39. Itwas verylateat night,butMr. Brown stillwenton .(work)
45. A:
What made you so sad?
B:
three tickets tothe pop music concert.(lose)
78. Would you mind the window,please?
(open)
98. I didn’t spendall the money thebooks.(buy)
Ipractice(练习)playingthepianotwiceaweek.
IconsideredwaitingabitlongerbeforeIgaveup.
Ican’timagine(想象)marryingsuchawoman.
Wedon’tallow(允许)smokingintheclassroom.
Iliketodiscuss(讨论)doingsportswithmyfriends.
Hedislikes(不喜欢)dancinginpublic.
3.动名词做介词宾语
介词后面碰到动词一律加-ing.
(in,on,for,of,to,about,by/after/before,with,from,against)
begoodat,behelpfulfor,insteadof,keepawayfrom,warnsb.against,findpleasurein,thankyoufor,saynoto,preferdoingtodoing,giveup,carryon,…
Hetookacupofteainsteadofcoffee.
Youngchildrenmustbekeptawayfromplayingdangerousgames.
89. Don’tbe afraidof mistakes when youlearnEnglish.(make)
44. OnSundays Iprefer (stay)at home to (go)out.
4.动名词的复合结构
Shesuggestedus(动名词结构的逻辑主语,用宾格)forgivinghim.
() 1. Theykeptthe fire to keep them warm.(burn)
() 87. Look!
Thereisa boy in the river.(swim)
**动词不定式和动名词的区别
动名词是动词的名词化,作宾语时,动名词表示的是一个概念;不定式表示具体的,一次性的或个别的动作。
1.动名词可以用作介词宾语,还可被名词所有格修饰
Sheisafraidofgoingoutsidealoneatnight.
HisnotgoingtotheCampmakesallofusfeelsad.
2.todo不定式多表示一次性的动作或动作的一个全过程
doing表示经常性的,反复发生的过程或表示动作伴随进行,正在进行中的状态
() 77. It’simpoliteto keep someone fora longtime.
A. waitB. towaitC.waitingD. of havewaited
3.在start,begin,continue等动词后面跟不定式和动名词都可以,但如果不定式的动词是“明白,理解”的含义的时候,一般只用不定式
Ibeginworking.==Ibegintowork.
4.need,require,want 后面可以接不定式,也可以接动名词,用主动表示被动
这块玻璃要切一下。
Theglasswantscutting.===Theglasswantstobecut.
PART3
() 2. Who’s the boy underthetree?
A. standB. tostandC. standingD. stood
() 7. TheboyLi Huain Class One is his brother.
A. calledB. calling C. to callD. call
() 23. There’s something wrong my radio. I’ll haveit .
A. with, fixedB. with, fixing C. on, to be repairedD.in,repaired
Therecomesagirldressedinred.
Theteachercamein,followedbyhisstudents.
三,分词
分词含现在分词和过去分词
现在分词:
doing,表主动意义(句子的主语是分词的主语),或正在进行的动作
过去分词:
done:
表被动意义,或已经完成的动作和状态
Weweresinging,“Happybirthdaytoyou…”Mymotherwassmiling,1(surround)bymyfather,mylittlesisterandme.
Itwastimeto2(send)wishes.Myfathersaid,“You’vedonemanythingsforus.Onthisspecialday,letme3(do)allthehouseworkforyou.“After4(kiss)mymoth