高考英语 定语从句高考英语陷阱题总结归纳定语从句附详解牛津版.docx
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高考英语定语从句高考英语陷阱题总结归纳定语从句附详解牛津版
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——定语从句
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1.Thefactorywasbuiltinasecretplace,around______highmountains.
A.whichwas B.itwasC.whichwere D.themwere
【陷阱】容易误选A或B,将A、B中的which和it误认为是其后句子的主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C,aroundwhichwerehighmountains是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是highmountains,aroundwhich是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数was.请做以下类例题目(答案均为C):
(1)Yesterdaywevisitedamodernhospital,around_______somefruitshops.
A.whichis B.itisC.whichare D.themare
(2)Themurderhappenedinanoldbuilding,beside______thecitypolicestation.
A.whichare B.itisC.whichis D.themare
(3)Nextmonthwe’llmovetoanewbuilding,nextto_______anicerestaurantswherewecanhaveChinesefood.
A.whichare B.itisC.whichis D.themare
2.Amanwithableedinghandhurriedinandasked,“Isthereahospitalaround______Icangetsomemedicineformywoundedhand?
”
A.that B.whichC.where D.what
【陷阱】容易误选B,认为around是介词,选which用以代替前面的名词hospital,在此用作介词around的宾语。
【分析】最佳答案为C。
以上语法分析并不算错,但问题是,照此分析,此句的意思即为:
有没有这样一个医院,我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤?
这样的语境显然有点不合情理,因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤,而不是在医院附近治伤。
此题选C的理由是:
句中的around不是介词,而是副词,意为“在附近”;其后的where引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital,句意为:
附近有没有一家医院,我可以去治我的手伤?
3._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.
A.It B.AsC.That D.What
【陷阱】容易误选A,认为此处应填一个形式主语。
【分析】最佳答案是B。
as引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。
比较下面一题:
_______isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.
A.It B.AsC.That D.What
此题答案选A,it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句。
再比较下面一组题,其中第
(1)题选B,第
(2)题选D:
(1)______ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.
A.Which B.AsC.That D.It
(2)______ismentionedabovethatthenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.
A.Which B.AsC.That D.It
4.Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslike.
A.that B.whoC.as D.whom
【陷阱】此题容易误选A,许多同学一看到题干中的such,再联系到选项中的that,便认为这是考查such…that…句式。
况且,这样理解意思也还通顺。
【分析】最佳答案为C,不是A,因为在such…that…(如此……以至……)结构中,that引导的是结果状语从句,并且that在从句中不充当句子成分,若在上句填入such…that…,句末的动词like缺宾语。
选C的理由如下:
as用作关系代词,用以引导定语从句,修饰其前的名词boy,同时as在定语从句中用作动词like的宾语,句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。
有的同学可能还会问,假若选A,能否将其后的that视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢?
不能,因为当先行词受到such的修饰时,其后的定语从句应用关系代词as来引导,而不用that.比较下面一题,答案为A,因为like后有自己的宾语him:
Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslikehim.
A.that B.whoC.as D.whom
请再做以下试题(答案选D):
Itwasnotsuchagooddinner_______shehadpromisedus.
A.like B.thatC.which D.as
5.Thebuses,mostof_______werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.
A.that B.itC.them D.which
【陷阱】容易误选C,用them代指thebuses.
【分析】最佳答案是D。
mostofwhichwerealreadyfull为非限制性定语从句,修饰thebuses.类似地,以下各题也选D:
(1)Hishouse,for_______hepaid$10,000,isnowworth$50,000.
A.that B.itC.them D.which
(2)Ashdownforest,through_______we’llbedriving,isn’taforestanylonger.
A.that B.itC.them D.which
(3)ThisIdidatnineo’clock,after_______Isatreadingthepaper.
A.that B.itC.them D.which
类似地,以下各题选whom,不选them:
(4)George,with_______IplayedtennisonSundays,wasawarm-heartedperson.
A.that B.himC.them D.whom
(5)Hersons,bothof______workabroad,willcomebackhomethissummer.
A.that B.whoC.them D.whom
(6)Imetthefruit-pickers,severalof_______werestilluniversitystudents.
A.that B.whoC.them D.whom
6.Hehadthousandsofstudents,manyof______gainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield.
A.whom B.themC.which D.who
【陷阱】容易误选B,用them代指students.
【分析】最佳答案是A,manyofwhomgainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield为非限制性定语从句。
假若在manyof…的前面加上连词and,则选答案B.比较以下各题(答案均选A):
(1)Heaskedalotofquestions,noneof______waseasytoanswer.
A.which B.themC.what D.that
(2)Heaskedalotofquestions,andnoneof______waseasytoanswer.
A.them B.whichC.what D.that
(3)Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,neitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.
A.whom B.themC.which D.who
(4)Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,andneitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.
A.them B.whomC.which D.who
7.Hehadalotoffriends,onlyafewof______invitedtohiswedding.
A.whom B.themC.which D.who
【陷阱】容易误选A,认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是B,这不是非限制性定语从句,而是一个独立主格结构,因为空格后的动词invited并不是一个完整的谓语,而是一个过去分词。
当然,假若在invited前加上助动词were,则是一个非限制性定语从句,答案便应选A.比较:
(1)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______carriedoutintheirwork.
A.which B.themC.what D.that
答案选B,noneofthemcarriedoutintheirwork是独立主格结构,其中的carriedout为过去分词。
(2)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.
A.which B.themC.what D.that
答案选A,noneofthemwerecarriedoutintheirwork是非限制性定语从句,注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were.
(3)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,butnoneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.
A.which B.themC.what D.that
答案选B,由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but,使得该句成了一个并列句。
8.OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsseatedtogetherjoking.
A.their B.whoseC.which D.that
【陷阱】容易误选B,认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是A.与上面一题相似,theirparentsseatedtogetherjoking不是非限制性定语从句,而是一个独立主格结构,因为空格后的动词seated不是谓语,而是一个过去分词,因为seat作动词用时,是及物动词。
比较以下相似题:
(1)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.
A.their B.whoseC.which D.that
选B.whoseparentswereseatedtogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句,因为其后有完整的谓语wereseated.
(2)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,and_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.
A.their B.whoseC.which D.that
选A.因为句中有并列连词and,整个句子为并列句。
(3)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssittingtogetherjoking.
A.their B.whoseC.which D.that
选A.theirparentssittingtogetherjoking为独立主格结构。
(4)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssattogetherjoking.
A.their B.whoseC.which D.that
选B.whoseparentssattogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句,因为句中有完整的谓语sat.
(5)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsweresittingtogetherjoking.
A.their B.whoseC.which D.that
选B.whoseparentsweresittingtogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句,因为句中有完整的谓语weresitting.
9.Ifthemanisonlyinterestedinyourlooks,_____justshowshowshallowheis.
A.as B.whichC.what D.that
【陷阱】容易误选A或B,误这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】正确答案为D,注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句,逗号后是该状语从句的主句,that在此代表前文所述的情况,用作主句的主语。
类似地,下面几道题也选that,而不选which:
(1)Ifyoupromisetogowithus,_____willbeOK.
A.as B.whichC.andit D.that
(2)Ifyouwantadoubleroom,_____willcostanother£15.
A.as B.whichC.what D.that
(3)Whetheryougoornot,_______isquiteallrightwithme.
A.that B.whichC.andit D.so
(4)WhenIsaytwohours,_____includestimeforeating.
A.as B.whichC.what D.that
10.Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthetime________she’sspentworkingasasecretaryinourcompany.
A.which B.whenC.how D.where
【陷阱】容易误选B,机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when,地点名词后用关系副词where.
【分析】正确答案为A.在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。
一般说来,若用作主语或宾语,用关系代词;若用作状语,则用关系副词。
上面一题中的动词spent缺宾语,故应用关系代词which或that.比较下面一题,由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语,所以选关系副词when:
Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthetime________sheworksasasecretaryinourcompany.
A.which B.whenC.how D.where
请再做一组试题(答案均选A):
(1)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weboughtlastmonth.
A.which B.whenC.how D.where
选A,which在定语从句中用作动词bought的宾语。
(2)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______hasjustbeencomplete.
A.which B.whenC.how D.where
选A,which在定语从句中用作主语。
(3)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weworkedtwoyearsago.
A.where B.whenC.that D.which
选A,where在定语从句中用作状语。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1.Alloftheflowersnowraisedherehavedevelopedfromthose_______intheforest.
A.oncetheygrew B.theygrewonceC.theyoncegrew D.oncegrew
2.IntheofficeIneverseemtohaveti