东南大学春学期《大学英语三》在线作业1答案.docx
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东南大学春学期《大学英语三》在线作业1答案
涓滃ぇ15鏄ュ鏈熴€婂ぇ瀛﹁嫳璇?
涓?
銆嬪湪绾夸綔涓?
绛旀
闃呰鐞嗚В瀹屽瀷濉┖
涓€銆侀槄璇荤悊瑙o紙鍏?
4閬撹瘯棰橈紝鍏?
40鍒嗐€傦級
1.Ourchild鈥檚behaviorisgreatlyinfluencedbythewaywereacttowhathehasdone.Our
reactionshelptodeterminewhetherourchildwillrepeathisbehaviororwhetherhewilldo
somethingdifferent.Thisstatementisaveryimportantpartofaprincipleofbehavioral
psychology.
Theprinciplestatesthatabehaviorisinfluencedoraffectedbyhowtheenvironment---people,
placesandthings---immediatelyrespondstothebehavior.Perhapswithoutrealizingit,youhave
usedthisprinciplemanytimes.
Ontheoccasionwhenyoutoldyourchildwhatagoodboyhewasafterhecleaneduphisroom,
youusedtheprinciple.Whenyousentyourchildtohisroomforfightingwithhisbrother,you
usedtheprinciple.Intheseexamples,aparticularbehavioroccurredfirst---cleaninguparoomand
fighting.
Inaddition,therewasareactiontoeachbehavior---thechildwaspraised,senttohisroom.By
theseactions,wehaveinfluencedthepreviousbehaviorsandhavehelpedtodeterminewhether
thosebehaviorswilloccuragaininthefuture.
1).Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Childrenandenvironment.
B.Children鈥檚behaviorandfighting.
C.Children鈥檚behaviorandpeople鈥檚response.
D.Childrenandprinciples.
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2).Onwhatkindofprincipleisthispassagebased?
A.Aprincipleinchemistry.
B.Aprincipleinbehavioralpsychology.
C.Aprincipleinphysics.
D.Aprincipleinsocialpsychology.
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3).Whodoyouthinkthereadersofthepassagemightbe?
A.Teachers.
B.Doctors.
C.Students.
D.Parents.
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4).Accordingtothepassage,whywasthechildsenttohisroom?
A.Asakindofpunishment.
B.Asakindofreward.
C.Asanexperimentontheprinciple.
D.Asanexampleoftheprinciple.
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5).Whatdoesthewritermeanby鈥昬nvironment鈥?
A.Rooms.
B.Waterandair.
C.People,placesandthings.
D.Familyandfriends.
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2.
AttheEuropeanCommissioninBrussels,theyhaveajokeabouttheworkinterpretersdo鈥?
鈥昹anguages鈥?
theysay,鈥昲avenothingtodowithinterpretation,鈥?
whichhelpstoknowthem.
Anyonethinkingofbecominganinterpreterwouldbearthissowellinmind.Translating
languages,especiallyinapoliticalcontext,involvesfarmorethanmerelinguisticability.
Toworkinaninternationalorganization,suchastheUnitedNations,youneedtobeapprovedby
oneofthevariousinternationaltranslators鈥?
orinterpreters鈥?
associations.Toachievethis,youmust
experiencerigorousandlengthytraining,eitheratanauthorizedorganization鈥檚ownschool,oron
apostgraduatecourseatuniversity.Butaqualificationinlanguagesisnottheonlyrouteintothe
job.AtLondon鈥檚UniversityofWestminster,candidatesgetofferedaplaceontheinterpreter鈥檚
courseiftheycanshowthattheyhave鈥昹ivedabit鈥?
inthewordsofonelecture.Youngpeople
whohavejustleftuniversityoftenlackadequateexperienceoflife.
Theuniversityalsolooksforcandidateswhohavelivedforlongtimeinthecountrieswheretheir
acquiredlanguagesarespoken.Theyarealsoexpectedtohavewideculturalinterestsandagood
knowledgeofcurrentaffairs.Thisbroadrangeofinterestsareessentialinajobwhichcanrequire
interpretingdiscussionsofdisarmament(瑁佸啗)onMonday,internationalfishingrightsonTuesday,
multinationalfinanceonWednesday,andthebuildingandconstructionindustryonThursday.
Interpretersalsorelyonadrenaline(鑲句笂鑵虹礌)鈥?
whichiscausedbythestressandchallenges
ofthejob鈥?
tokeepthemgoingthroughtheirdemandingschedules.Manyadmitthattheyenjoy
thebuzzofadrenalinetheygetfromthejob,andit鈥檚knownthattheirheartratesspeedupwhile
theyareworking.
It鈥檚alsoajobwithitsownrisksandexcitement.Interpretersareneededinwarzonesaswellasin
centersofinternationaldiplomacy,liketheUN.
1).Whatdoes鈥昲avelivedabit鈥?
mean?
A.Tobeolderthanothers.
B.Totraveltomorecountries.
C.Tohaveabundantlifeexperience.
D.Tohavelongertrainingininterpreting.
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2).CandidatesforthetrainingcourseinLondon鈥檚UniversityofWestminsterneedthefollowing
qualificationsEXCEPT______.
A.havingwideculturalinterests
B.havingagoodknowledgeofcurrentaffairs
C.beingfamiliarwiththelanguagestheytranslate
D.beingeloquentlectures
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3).Theinterpretersrelyonadrenalinebecause______.
A.itcanhelpfinishtheirworkquickly
B.itcanmakethemexcited
C.itcanpreventthemfromheartdisease
D.itcanmakethemworkharder
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4).Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthat______.
A.languagehasnothingtodowithinterpreting
B.onlythosepostgraduatesfromtheforeignlanguageuniversitiescanworkasinterpreters
C.interpretersmustliveinthecountrywheretherequiredlanguageisspoken
D.interpretersbuildthebridgeforinternationalcommunication
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5).ThejobasinterpreterhasthefollowingcharacteristicsEXCEPT______.
A.funny
B.daring
C.dangeroussometimes
D.exciting
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3.
Almosteveryfamilybuysasleastonecopyofanewspapereveryday.Somepeoplesubscribeto
asmanyastwoorthreedifferentnewspapers.Butwhydopeoplereadnewspapers?
銆€銆€Fivehundredyearsago,newsofimportanthappenings--battleslostandwon,kingsorrulers
overthrown(鎺ㄧ炕)orkilledtookmonthsandevenyearstotravelfromonecountrytoanother.
Thenewspassedbywordofmouthandwasneveraccurate.Todaywecanreadinournewspapers
ofimportanteventsthatoccurinfarawaycountriesonthesamedaytheyhappen.
Apartfromsupplyingnewsfromallovertheworld,newspapersgiveusalotofotheruseful
information.Thereareweatherreports,radio,televisionandfilmguides,bookreviews,stories,
andofcourse,advertisements.Thebiggeronesareputinbylargecompaniestobringattentionto
theirproducts.Theypaythenewspapersthousandsofdollarsfortheadvertisingspace,butitis
worththemoneyfornewsoftheirproductsgoesintoalmosteveryhomeinthecountry.Forthose
whoproducenewspapers,advertisementsarealsoveryimportant.Moneyearnedfrom
advertisementsmakesitpossibleforthemtoselltheirnewspapersatalowpriceandstillmakea
profit.
1).Thephrase"subscribeto"inthefirstparagraphmeans"_________".
A.gotothenewspaperstandandbuy
B.sendtheirownnewsstoriesto
C.agreetobuyforaspecificperiodoftime
D.becomefaithfulreadersof
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2).Thehabitofreadingnewspapersis_________.
A.widespread
B.foundamongafewfamilies
C.notpopular
D.uncommon
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3).Beforethetimeofthenewspaper,__________.
A.badnewstraveledquicklyandgoodnewsslowly
B.fewpeoplecaredabouteventsthattookplaceinfarawaycountries
C.kingsandrulerswereoftenoverthrownorkilled
D.newswaspassedfromonepersontoanother
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4).Theauthorseemstoagreethatmoneyspentonadvertisementsis_________.
A.wasted
B.notmuch
C.wellspent
D.ofnousetoanyone
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5).whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.Fivehundredyearsagoittookalongtimefornewstoreachothercountries.
B.Newspaperadvertisementsturnpeople'sattentionawayfromtheirproducts
C.Thenewsthatwereadinnewspapersismainlyaboutnewproducts.
D.Whennewspapersaresoldatalowprice,thenewspaperproducerswilllosemoney.
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4.WhenMrs.JosephGroegerdiedrecentlyinVienna,Austria,peopleaskedtheobvious,鈥昗hy
didshelivetobe107?
鈥?
Answerswereprovidedbyasurveyconductedamong148Viennesemen
andwomenwhohadreachedtheageof100.Somewhatsurprisingwasthefactthatthemajority
hadlivedmostoftheirlivesincities.Inspiteofthecity鈥檚imageasanunhealthyplace,cityliving
oftenprovidesbenefitsthatcountylivingcanlack.Onefactorseemstobeimportanttothe
longevity(闀垮)ofthoseinterviewed.
銆€銆€Thisfactorisexercise.Inthecitiesitisoftenfastertowalkshortdistancesthantowaitfora
bus.Eventakingpublictransportationoftenrequiressomewalking.Smallerapartmenthouses
havenoelevators(鐢垫),andsopeoplemustclimbstairs.Citypeoplecanusuallywalktolocal
supermarkets.Sinceparkingspacesarehardtofind,thereisoftennoalternativetowalking.
銆€銆€Ontheotherhand,thosewholiveinthecountryandsuburbsdonothavetowalkeveryday.
Infact,theoppositeisoftentrue.Togotoschool,work,oralmostanywhereelse,theymustride
incars.
1).TheViennasurveymayhelptoexplain_______.
A.thecomplaintsofpeopleinapartmenthouses
B.thecauseofMrs.Groeger鈥檚death
C.thelongevityofpeoplelikeMrs.Groeger
D.theimageofcitiesingeneral
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2).Thepurposeofthesecondparagraphistolistsome_______.
A.benefitsofwalking
B.occasionsforwalkingincitylife
C.commentsmadebycitypeople
D.problemsofcityliving
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3).Toreachthethirdfloorofabuilding,itwouldprobablybemosthealthful____.
A.totaketheelevator
B.towalkupthestairs
C.torideinacar
D.tofindanalternativetowalking
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4).Peoplewholiveinthecountryprobablydomoredrivingthanwalkingbecause_______.
A.theydon鈥檛livenearbusinessareas
B.theydon鈥檛needtheexercise
C.theyneverhaveparkingproblems
D.theycan鈥檛affordtotakethebus
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5).Aconclusionthatcanbedrawnfromthispassageisthat_______.
A.airpollutionisnotserious
B.anyonecanlivetobe107
C.countrypeoplesh