英语中考英语英语阅读理解汇编解析版汇编及解析.docx
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英语中考英语英语阅读理解汇编解析版汇编及解析
【英语】中考英语英语阅读理解汇编解析版汇编及解析
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1．阅读理解
Forthousandsofyears,humanshaveexplored（探索）theEarth.Nowadays,weareexploringspace.Astronomers（天文学家）arethemodern﹣dayexplorers,Now,manyastronomersarelookingfornewplanetsandnewplacesforhumanstoliveinthefuture.Butwheredoastronomersstartlooking？
Firstofall,astronomerslookforastar.That'sbecauseourownEarthmovesaroundastar（theSun）.Moreimportantly,itisthecorrectdistance（距离）fromtheSunforheatandlight.Sowhenastronomershavefoundthestar,theylookattheplanetsaroundit.Inrecentyears,astronomershavefoundnearly400newplanetswithstars.However,manyoftheseplanetsareeithertooneartothestarortoofaraway.
However,iftheplanetisinagoodposition,astronomerslookforthreekeythings:
water,airandrock.Waterisimportantbecausealllifeneedswater.Humanscandrinkitandtheycanalsogrowplantswithwater.Andplantsproduceairforhumanstobreatheandfoodtoeat.Rockonaplanetisalsoimportant.That'sbecausethereisoftenwaterundertherock.
Aftermanyyearsofscrutinizing,astronomershavefoundaplanetthatissimilartotheEarth.It'sGliese581gandit'snearastar.Theastronomersthinkithaswaterandrockandtheaverage（平均的）temperatureisbetween-31℃and-12℃.That'scold,butnotcolderthanAntarcticaortheArcticCircle,forexample.Gliese581gisbiggerthantheEarth.AyearonGliese581gisonly37Earthdaysinsteadof365.ButastronomersdonotthinkthesearebigdifferencesandsomeofthemthinkGliese581gwillbeanewEarth.However,Gliese58IgistwentylightyearsfromtheEarth.
（1）Whatdoastronomershavetofindfirstbeforestartingtolookforanewplaceforhumanstolive？
A. newstar.
B. Anewplanet.
C. Someheat.
D. Somelight.
（2）Whatdoestherockonaplanettellus？
A. Thestarisinarightposition.
B. Wemaydiscoverwaterunderit.
C. TheplanetistooneartotheSun.
D. Therecanbeairaroundtherock.
（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"scrutinizing"meaninthelastparagraph？
A. discussing.
B. waiting.
C. looking.
D. traveling.
（4）What'sthemainideaofthetext？
A. Gliese581gisalreadyanewEarth.
B. ThereareplanetssimilartoourEarth.
C. Water,airandrockareimportant.
D. AstronomersarelookingforanewEarth.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】大意：
本文讲述了天文学家寻找新的和地球一样的星球。
（1）细节理解题。
根据Firstofall，astronomerslookforastar.可知，首先，天文学家找一颗行星，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。
根据Rockonaplanetisalsoimportant.That'sbecausethereisoftenwaterundertherock.可知，星球上的岩石告诉我们在它下面可能有水，故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。
根据上文Now，manyastronomersarelookingfornewplanetsandnewplacesforhumanstoliveinthefuture.可知，现在，许多天文学家正在寻找新的星球和新的地方以供人类未来生活，判断本句句意为经过多年的观察（寻找），天文学家找到了一个与地球类似的星球，推出scrutinizing的意思为寻找，故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。
根据Now，manyastronomersarelookingfornewplanetsandnewplacesforhumanstoliveinthefuture. Butwheredoastronomersstartlooking？
现在，许多天文学家正在寻找新的星球和新的地方以供人类未来生活，但是从哪儿开始找呢？
本文主要介绍了天文学家寻找新的星球供人类未来生活，即天文学家在寻找新的地球，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。
细节题要从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2．阅读理解
Interestingfestivalsintheworld
Throwingtomatoes-Spain（西班牙）
Spaintakes"tomatofights"toawholenewlevel.Butthetomatoesarebeingthrown,noteaten.ThefestivaltakesplaceonthelastWednesdayinAugust,Trucks（卡车）carrytomatoesintothesquare.Peoplerushtothetomatoesandthrowthemintothecrowd.
Rollingcheese-England
ThisfestivaliscelebratedinMay.IttakesplaceonCopper'sHill.Alargewheelofcheese（奶酪）isrolleddownCopper'sHill,Thefestivalisactuallyaracewherepeoplerundownthehillaftertherollingcheese.Thefirstpersontocrossthefinishlineatthebottomofthehillwinsthecheese.
Burningman-TheUnitedStates
TheBurningManFestivalisheldannually,spanningfromthelastSundayinAugusttothefirstMondayinSeptember（LaborDay）.ThefestivaltakesplaceinBlackRockDesert.Thebestpartofthefestivalistheburningofalargesculptureofaman.
Pouringwater-Thailand
TheSongkranFestivalisthecelebrationoftheNewYearinThailand.Ratherthanasingleday,ThailandcelebratestheNewYearfromApril13thtoApril15th.Thaipeoplerunaftereachother,pouringwater.Songkranisoneofthemostimportantreasonswhyforeignerstraveltothebeautifulland.
（1）WherewillyouprobablygotoenjoyoneofthefestivalsaboveinMay?
A. Spain. B. England. C. TheUnitedStates. D. Thailand.
（2）WhichactivityisheldinBlackRockDesert?
A. Throwingtomatoes.
B. Rollingcheese.
C. Burningman.
D. Pouringwater.
（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A. Thetomatoesarethrownintothecrowdtoeat.
B. Notallthefestivalsabovefallonasingleday.
C. BurningalargerealmanisthebestpartoftheBurningManFestival.
D. Songkranistheonlyreasonforattractinglotsoftourists.
【答案】
（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：
短文介绍了世界上有趣的节日：
西班牙的扔西红柿节、英格兰的滚奶酪节、美国的火烧人狂欢节和他国的泼水节。
（1）细节理解题，根据Rollingcheese-England ThisfestivaliscelebratedinMay. 可知五月份可以去英国，故答案是B。
（2）细节理解题，根据Burningman-TheUnitedStates ThefestivaltakesplaceinBlackRockDesert. 可知火烧人狂欢节放生在黑岩沙漠，故答案是C。
（3）正误判断题，根据文章内容可知，哪一个节日也不是在一天之内结束的，因此B的陈述是正确的，故答案是B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。
细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。
3．阅读所给材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
WhenthegreatlibraryofAlexandriaburned,thestorygoes,onebookwassaved.Butitwasnotavaluablebook,andapoormangotit.
Thebookwasn'tveryinteresting,butbetweenitspagestherewassomethingveryinterestingindeed.Itwasathinstripofvellum（羊皮纸）onwhichwaswrittenthesecretofthe"Touchstone".
Thetouchstonewasasmallpebble（鹅卵石）thatcouldturnanycommonmetalintopuregold.
Thewritingexplainedthatitwaslyingamongthousandsandthousandsofotherpebblesthatlookedexactlylikeit.Butthesecretwasthis.Therealstonewouldfeelwarn,whileordinarypebblesarecold.
Sothemansoldhishouse,boughtatent,campedontheseashore,andbegantestingpebbles.Heknewthatifhepickedupnormalpebblesandthrewthemdownagainbecausetheywerecold,hemightpickupthesamepebbleshundredsoftimes.So,whenhefeltonethatwascold,hethrewitintothesea.Hespentawholedaydoingthisbutnoneofthemwasthetouchstone.Yethewentonandonthisway.Pickupapebble.Cold—throwitintosea.Pickupanother.Throwitintothesea.Thedaysstretchedintomonthsandthemonthsintoyears.
Oneday,however,aboutmidafternoon,hepickedupapebbleanditwaswarm.Hethrewitintotheseabeforeherealizedwhathehaddone.Hewasusedtothrowingeachpebbleintotheseaassoonashepickeditup.Sowhentheonehewantedcamealong,hestillthrewitaway.
Soitiswithopportunity（机会）.Unlesswearevigilant,it'seasytofailtorealizeanopportunitywhenitisinhandandit'sjustaseasytothrowitaway.
（1）Accordingtothepassage,thetouchstoneisastone__________.
A. thatyoucantouch
B. thatcanturncommonmetalintopuregold
C. thatcanbringyouthousandsofpebbles
D. thatcanbringyougoodluck
（2）Themanthrewthetouchstoneintotheseabecause__________________.
A. itwascold
B. itwasanormalpebble
C. hewastootiredtoholdit
D. hehadformedahabit
（3）Howdidthemanprobablyfeelwhenherealizeditwasthetouchstone?
A. Excited.
B. Moved.
C. Interested.
D. Regretted.
（4）What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“vigilant”inthelastparagraph?
A. Braveenough. B. Hard—workingenough. C. Carefulenough. D. Strongenough.
（5）Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?
A. Opportunityknocksbutonce.
B. Useitorloseit.
C. Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
D. Practicemakesperfect.
【答案】
（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
（4）C
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了亚历山大图书馆被烧毁后，一个穷人得到了仅存的一本书，书中介绍到：
感觉温暖的鹅卵石可以让普通的金属变成金子。
他开始检测鹅卵石，每次都把凉的鹅卵石扔进大海里，最后他捡到了一颗温暖的鹅卵石，但是因为习惯，他像以前一样把石头扔进大海，最终才发现自己失去了一次机会。
（1）细节题。
根据Thetouchstonewasasmallpebble（鹅卵石）thatcouldturnanycommonmetalintopuregold.可知可以让普通的金属变成金子，故选B。
（2）细节题。
根据Hewasusedtothrowingeachpebbleintotheseaassoonashepickeditup.可知他习惯于把每一个鹅卵石扔进大海，故选D。
（3）推断题。
根据常识可知他意识到自己把温暖的鹅卵石扔进大海里时肯定感到后悔，regretted，故选D。
（4）细节题。
根据后句可知失去机会是容易的，除非我们是仔细的，所以意思是仔细的，认真的，即careful，故选C。
（5）主旨题。
根据全文可知主要讲了机会只有一次，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
4．阅读材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
SchoolActivity:
the"ExerciseMonth"
Anumberofimportantschoolactivitiesarecomingup,andthebiggestoneisthe"ExerciseMonth".
Whatisouraim（目的）?
The"ExerciseMonth"isorganisedbytheYouthSportsClub.Themainaimofthisactivityistoimproveourschoolmembers'knowledgeabouttheimportanceofexercise.
Whatareouractivities?
The"ExerciseMonth"willtakeplacefrom15Decemberto15January.Duringthismonth,alotofactivitieswillbeheldtoshowtheimportanceofexercise.
●WritingCompetition Thetopicofthewritingcompetitionis"ExerciseandMe".Thelengthofthewritingis500wordsforthiscompetition.
●Talk Thetalkwillbegivenon18December.ThespeakerwillbeDrChiufromStStephen'sHospital.Hewillthenanswerourmembers'questionaboutexercise.
●Exhibition（展览） Theexhibitionwillbeheldfrom19Decemberto3Januaryinourschoolhall.Thehistoryofdi
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