届高考英语精选备考题库系列含详解阅读理解9.docx

届高考英语精选备考题库系列含详解阅读理解9.docx

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届高考英语精选备考题库系列含详解阅读理解9

2018届高考英语二轮复习精选备考题库系列（含详解）：

阅读理解（九）

备战2018高考，精选阅读200篇，适合高三上学期使用，希望对大家有帮助。

（2011年8月

Fromthefirstuseoftherockettocarrysatellitesintospacetothesettingupofspacestations,humanbeingshavebeenputtinggreateffortintospaceresearch*Andsofar,wehaveachievedmanysuccesses*Buttherearestillnumeroustasksinfrontofusandweshouldnotceasetryingtoprogress*

Theinternationalspacestationisanimportantstepweshouldtakeinspaceexploration*Itisnotonlyhelpfulbutalsoessential*Itprovidesaproperspaceenvironmentformanyexperimentsthatwehavewantedtodoforalongtime*Itisalsoabasefortheobservationsoftheearthandtheuniverse*ItcouldalsobeanimportantbaseforlatertraveltothemoonandMars*Inaword,ifwewanttoexplorespacemore,thefirstthingweshoulddoistosetupaspacestation*

Asthespacestationcostsalotofmoney,itishardforonecountryalonetoestablishone*TheUSAseemstobetheonlycountrythathastheabilitytobuildaspacestationalone，andithastriedtodoso,butnotverysuccessful*Soitaggregatedmanyothercountriestoworkonittogether*Thoughitisstillextremelyexpensive,itismuchcheaperthandoingitalone*Itisreallyajobthatneedseveryone’seffortandwillbenefiteveryone*

Butevenso,thefundsneededarestillabigproblem*AsfortheUSA,itseemsthatithastoomanythingstospenditsmoneyon*Althoughitistherichestcountryintheworld,ithasmuchdebteveryyear*Ithastomakearrangementsaboutitsfinance,andtrytofindabalanceinalltheseissues*

[语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。

国际空间站对于人类探索太空起着至关重要的作用。

由于耗资巨大，财大气粗的美国单独建造起来也并不那么成功。

只有各国合作起来，才能解决资金问题，从而使国际空间站造福全人类。

1*Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbuildinganddevelopingtheinternationalspacestation?

A*Supportive*B*Doubtful*

C*Critical*D*Dissatisfied*

[解析]　态度判断题。

根据第一段中的“weshouldnotceasetryingtoprogress”和文中作者介绍国际空间站的重要性可知，作者对建设国际空间站持支持态度。

[答案]　A

2*FromParagraph2welearnthat________*

A*thenecessityofbuildingtheinternationalspacestationisnotrealizednow

B*manyexperimentshavebeendoneintheinternationalspacestation

C*theinternationalspacestationisnecessaryforpeopletoexplorespacemore

D*peoplehavetraveledtoMarsfromtheinternationalspacestation

[解析]　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“Inaword，ifwewanttoexplorespacemore，thefirstthingweshoulddoistosetupaspacestation”可知，国际空间站是进行太空探索所必需的。

[答案]　C

3*WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonforcountries’cooperationinbuildingtheinternationalspacestation?

A*Thatitrequiresalotofmoney*

B*Thatitneedseveryone’seffort*

C*Thatitwillbenefiteveryparticipatingcountry*

D*Thatitistoofarawayfromtheearth*

[解析]　细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“Asthespacestationcostsalotofmoney***”和“Itisreallyajobthatneedseveryone’seffortandwillbenefiteveryone”可知，A、B、C三项均提到了，而文章中没有提到D。

[答案]　D

5*Theunderlinedword“aggregated”inParagraph3canbereplacedby“________”*

A*unitedB*scolded

C*allowedD*forbade

[解析]　词义猜测题。

由该词所在的语境可知，发展国际空间站耗资巨大，因此美国联合其他一些国家共同来建设该工程，即该词的意思相当于united。

[答案]　A

5*WhichofthefollowingaspectsaboutbuildingtheinternationalspacestationisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

A*Difficulties*B*Cooperation*

C*Significance*D*Specificarrangements*

[解析]　细节理解题。

第二段提到了建设国际空间站的重要性，第三段提到了建设国际空间站面临的困难和合作的重要性，但是文中没有涉及具体细节安排，故答案为D。

[答案]　D

[长难句解读]　Fromthefirstuseoftherockettocarrysatellitesintospacetothesettingupofspacestations,humanbeingshavebeenputtinggreateffortintospaceresearch*

此句较长，但是简单句，句子前半部是介词短语，结构是“from***to***”。

语意：

从最初使用火箭将卫星送入太空到建立空间站，人们一直在太空研究方面努力着。

Onepotentialproblemwithallowancesisthatchildren’sresponsiblebehaviorcanbecomeaboutearningtheallowanceratherthantheintrinsic（固有的）valueoftheirfamilyresponsibilities*Forexample,ifyoupayyourchildrenfortakingoutthetrash,theyseethischore（家务）asajobthattheyshouldberewardedforinsteadofaresponsibilitytheymustfulfillaspartofthefamily*Butgivingchildrenanallowanceforweeklychoresisnotnecessarilybad*Youarerewardingthemforfulfillingtheirfamilyresponsibilities,butitisnotforaspecificact*Rather,itisanappreciationoftheircommitmenttoyourfamilyvalues*Youarealsoconveyinganotherimportantmessagethattheiractionshaveconsequences:

iftheydogoodthings,goodthingshappen*Theyalsolearnalessonaboutthemarketeconomy,namelythatworkisrewarded*

Allowancescanalsobeusedaspunishmentandtoteachchildrenlessonsaboutfamilyvalues*Forexample,ifyourchildrenjoinagroupofkidssmashing（砸碎）pumpkinsonHalloween,apartofareasonablepunishmentmightbetorequirethemtopaythefamiliesoutoftheirallowancestoreplacethepumpkins*Thus,yourchildrenlearnthatbadbehaviorhasfinancialconsequences*Also,byrelatingthepunishmenttothemisdeed,youensurethatyourchildrenseetheconnectionandlearnthevaluelesson*

Howmuchallowanceshouldyoupayyourchildren？

Thepreciseamountdependsonyourfamily’sfinancialsituation,thecostoflivingandyourchildren’sneeds*Childrencanstarttoearnaweeklyallowanceasearlyas5yearsofage*Anincreaseof$1perweekforeachydarofyourchildren’slivesisrealisticuntiltheyreachtheirmidteens*Whentheybegintodriveanddate,youcancalculatetheirexpensesandestablishareasonableallowancethatcoverstheirneeds*

[语篇解读]　本文为议论文，就“孩子做家务要不要给予物质奖励”这一话题进行谈论。

文章分析了其利与弊，最后还就怎样的金额比较合适提出了自己的看法。

1*Theunderlinedsentenceinthe1stparagraphprobablymeansthat“givingallowancesmay________”*

A*leadtochildren’spreferenceformoneyratherthananythingelse

B*leadtochildren’spreferenceforearningmoneybytheirown

C*causetheproblemthatchildrenvaluemoneymorethanresponsibilities

D*causechildrentoearnmoneyinsteadofgoingtoschool

[解析]　句意理解题。

根据接下来的一句的举例说明可知前一句的句意，孩子会认为做家务得到奖励是合理的，而不认为做家务是他的责任。

答案为C。

[答案]　C

2*Howmanyadvantagesofgivingallowancesarementionedinthepassage?

A*One*B*Two*

C*Three*D*Four*

[解析]　推理判断题。

第一段最后三句分别提到了三点好处，第二段的第一句论及了使用经济方式作为处罚的好处。

显然文中共提及四点好处，故选D。

[答案]　D

3*WhenyourchildrenjoinagroupofkidssmashingpumpkinsonHalloween，________*

A*theyshouldbetaughtthatbadbehaviorhasfinancialconsequences

B*theyshouldberidoftheiropportunitytocelebrateHalloween

C*youshouldgivethemsomeallowancestopayforthepumpkins

D*youshouldensureyourchildrenseetheconnectionwiththeirlessons

[解析]　事实细节题。

根据第二段第三句可知A正确，让孩子意识到做出不好的行为要承担经济后果。

其他选项均与第二段内容不符。

[答案]　A

4*ThepreciseallowanceamountyoushouldpayyourchildrendependsonallthefollowingfactorsEXCEPT________*

A*howrichorpooryourfamilyis

B*howmuchotherchildrenreceive

C*theactualneedsofyourchildren

D*thelivingstandardinyourarea

[解析]　正误判断题。

根据第三段第二句可知，A、C和D均正确。

故选B。

[答案]　B

5*Itcanbeinferredthat________*

A*theauthordoesn’twanttogiveanytipsontheallowanceamount

B*allowancesgiventochildrenofdifferentagesmayvary

C*childrenunder6can’tbegivenanyallowance

D*theallowanceamountgrowsatthesamespeedwithyourchildren

[解析]　推理判断题。

根据文章最后两句可知B正确。

最后一段作者就具体数量提了自己的意见，故A错。

C与第三段第三句不符，D过于绝对化。

[答案]　B

[长难句解读]　Forexample，ifyoupayyourchildrenfortakingoutthetrash，theyseethischore（家务）asajobthattheyshouldberewardedforinsteadofaresponsibilitytheymustfulfillaspartofthefamily*

该句为一个多重复合句。

第一层次为theyseethischoreasajob；第二层次有两个：

ifyoupayyourchildrenfortakingoutthetrash为条件状语从句，thattheyshouldberewardedforinsteadofaresponsibility为定语从句修饰job。

第三层次为theymustfulfillaspartofthefamily，是省略了which/that的定语从句，修饰responsibility。

Ifyouwanttohelpchildrendeveloplanguageandspeechskills,UCLAresearcherssay,listeningtowhattheyhavetosayisjustasimportantastalkingtothem*

Theeffectofaconversationbetweenachildandanadultisaboutsixtimesasgreatastheeffectofadultspeechinputalone,theresearchersfound*“Adultsspeakingtochildrenhelpslanguagedevelop,butwhatmattersmuchmoreistheinteraction，”saidthestudy’sleadauthor,FrederickZimmerman,anassociateprofessorintheSchoolofPublicHealthattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles*TheresearchersalsofoundthatTVviewingdidn’thavemuchofaneffect—positivelyornegatively—aslongasitwash’tdisplacingconversationsbetweenanadultandachild*

TheUCLAstudyincluded275familieswithchildrenbetween2monthsand48monthsold*Theyrepresentedavarietyofincomesandeducation*Theresearchersfoundthat,inanaverageday,childrenhearabout13,000spokenwordsfromadultsandparticipatedinabout400adultchildconversationsaday*

Assessedseparately,factorspositivelyassociatedwithlanguagedevelopmentincludedeachadditional100conversationsadayandeach1,000wordincreaseinthenumberofwordsspokenbyadultsandheardbychildren*Whenlookedatalone,TVwasnegativelyassociatedwithlanguagedevelopment*But,whenthethreefactorswereanalyzedtogether,theonlyonethatstoodoutwasconversationbetweenadultsandchildren*

“Themoreachildspeaksandinteractswithanadult,thebetterideaaparenthasaboutwherethechildis，”Zimmermansaid*“Althoughit’smostlydoneunconsciously,parentswillprovidefeedbackandcorrectmistakes*They’llalsotailortheirspeechtothechild*Parentscangiveachildwordsbytalkingtothemaboutwhatthey’redoing,suchas，‘I’mputtingonyourpajamasnow’*Butgiveyourchildtheopportunitytotalk,hopefullywithouttherestofthenoiseintheenvironment，”sheadded*“Ifparentscancarveoutsome