新世纪大学英语课后精讲 5.docx

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新世纪大学英语课后精讲 5.docx

新世纪大学英语课后精讲5

Unit5

DifficultSentences

1.Orthetimeafewyearslater,whenmyhairturnedoutpinkformyseniorpromandshe’dheldmewhileIcried.

Paraphrasethesentence.

(=Afewyearslater,whenIdyedmyhairforaformaldancepartyathighschool,itendedupbeingpinkratherthanthecolorIhadexpected,Ifeltverysadandcriedinmymother’sarms.)

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=又如几年以后,我的发型在高中毕业舞会显得不太合时宜,母亲让我在她怀中哭泣。

2.TearsfilledhereyesandthistimeIheldherwhileshecried.

Payattentiontotheusageoftheword“fill”.

Moreexamples:

…andhereyesfilledwithtearsthatspiltdownhercheeks…(Para.7)

Laughterfilledtheroom.房间里充满了欢笑。

Thethoughtfillsmewithpleasure.这个想法使我很高兴。

2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=当时她热泪盈眶。

这次是她在我的怀里哭了。

3.Overtheyears,we’dwatchedthepinetreesinthisparkgrowtallandstraightuntiltheirneedlesseemedtotouchtheclouds.

1)What’sthesymbolicmeaningofthegrowthofthepinetrees?

(=Itsymbolizestheincreasinglycloserelationshipbetweenmotheranddaughter.)

2)TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=年复一年,我们看着公园里的松树长得巍峨挺拔,直至高耸入云。

4.Shewasunusuallysolemnandtookmebysurprisewhensheaskedme,“WhowillyoubringhereafterI’mgone?

Whatcanweinferfromthesentence?

(=Therewasprobablysomethingserioustohappen,becausemotherusedtobekind,notatallthewayshebehavedthatday.)

5.Igaveheroneofmyarched-eyebrowinquiries,thensmiled.

Whatdoes“arched-eyebrow”meaninthesentence?

(=Whenonemakesafacialexpressionbymakingone’seyebrowsarched,oneisusuallydisapprovingordoubtful.)

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=我皱起了眉头,狐疑地看了她一眼,然后微微笑了。

6.WhatIdidn’tknow,andwhatshehadkeptfromme,wasthatherconditionwasn’timproving.

Analyzethesentencestructure.

(=“WhatIdidn’tknow”and“whatshehadkeptfromme”aretwoparalleledclausesusedassubject.)

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=但有一点我一无所知,而且她也一直瞒着我,那就是她的情况毫无好转。

7.IfeltIhadcomefullcircleunderthisgiantpinetree.

What’sthemeaningofthesentence?

(=Underthespecialbigpinetree,whatIdidwithmysonswasjustwhatmymotherdidwithme.Lifehadrepeateditselflikeacirclehere.)

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=我坐在那里,觉得自己回到了原地,就在这棵巨大的松树下。

8.Holdingmysoninmyarms,Iwashappyforhim,justthewayIknewmymotherhadbeenhappyformeallthoseyearsagowhenItoldherIwasgettingmarried.

What’sthegrammaticalfunctionof“Holdingmysoninmyarms”?

(=“Holdingmysoninmyarms”isapresentparticiplephraseusedasadverbial.

Moreexamples:

Lookingovermyson’sshoulder,Isawthat…(Para.12)

Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.

Lyingundertheappletrees,Newtonwasthinkingandthinking.)

WordsandExpressions

1.cease:

v.stopsomething

*Workplacenurserieswillceasetobeliablefortax.

公司已经决定明年停止一切在英国的运作。

(=ThecompanyhasdecidedtoceaseallUKoperationsafterthisyear.)

CF:

cease,pause&stop

这些词均含有“中止,停止”之意。

cease正式用词,侧重逐渐结束某活动或状态,含永远结束的意味。

pause指短暂的中断或停止,含再进行下去的意味。

stop普通用词,指迅速或突然中止某行为、活动或状态。

Directions:

Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.

1)Whethertheprotestswill______remainstobeseen.(=cease)

2)I______topickupaletterthatI’ddropped.(=stopped)

3)He_____andthoughtforamoment.(=paused)

4)Apparentlyshe_______drinking.(=hasstopped)

5)Thedyingmansoon_____tobreathe.(=ceased)

6)Whydon’tyoujust_____somewhereandaskfordirections?

(=stop)

7)She______togetherbreathbackandthencarriedonjogging.(=paused)

2.physically:

adv.withregardtobody

*Specialholidaysareavailableforphysicallyhandicapped/disabledpeople.

他看上去身体很健康。

(=Helooksphysicallyfit.)

NB:

physically的反义词是mentally,意为“精神上,智力上,在内心”。

*Theprotestorshadtobephysicallyremovedfromtheroom.

*It’sgoingtobeatoughcompetitionbutI’mmentallypreparedforit.

3.spot:

n.

1)aparticularplace

*Thislookslikeanicespotforapicnic.

*Thisisthespotwheretheaccidenthappened.

2)apointofinterest

*Spainisourfavoriteholidayspot.

这座古城有许多可供参观的名胜。

(=Therearealotofspotstovisitintheoldcity.)

Collocation:

inspots有时;到处;偶尔

onthespot现场,当场

4.recall:

v.remember,callbacksth.

*Ican’trecallhisface/seeinghim/thathecame/wherehelives/howtodoit.

听到有人叫我名字,我才清醒过来。

(=Thesoundofmynamerecalledmetomyself.)

CF:

memorize,remember&recall

这些动词均有“记忆,记住,回忆”之意。

memorize指有意识地下功夫把某事的整个细节都记在脑子里。

remember含义较广,多指无意识地回忆起往事,也可指通过主观努力去记忆。

recall比remember文雅,指想方设法回忆已经遗忘之事。

Directions:

Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.

1)He______thathehadsenttheletteroveramonthbefore.(=recalled)

2)WhenIwasatschool,wewererequiredto______apoemeveryweek.(=memorize)

3)_______metoyourfamily.(=Remember)

4)Idon’t_______signingacontract.(=remember)

5)She_____seeinghimoutsidetheshoponthenightoftherobbery.(=recalled)

5.prom:

n.aformalpartygivenforstudentsbyahighschoolorcollegeclass

*WhoareyoutakingtotheSeniorProm?

她穿长裙去参加聚会。

(=Sheworealongdresstotheprom.)

6.occur:

vi.(esp.ofunplannedevents)happen,takeplace

*Almosthalfofallfatalaccidentsoccurwhilelanding.

*Wehopethiswon’toccuragain.

CF:

happen,occur&takeplace

这些词语都可表示“发生”之意。

happen是普通用词,泛指一切客观事物或情况的发生,强调动作的偶然性。

occur是较正式用词,可指意外事件的发生,也可指意料中事件的发生。

takeplace多指通过人为安排事件的发生。

Directions:

Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.

1)They______tolookintherightplacealmostimmediately.(=happened)

2)Ifanyofthesesymptoms_____whileyouaretakingthemedicine,consultyourdoctorimmediately.(=occur)

3)Fortunatelyit______thattherewasnooneinthehouseatthetimeoftheexplosion.(=happened)

4)Theconcert_______nextThursday.(=takesplace)

5)Wheredidtheearthquake______?

(=occur)

7.scent:

n.apleasantnaturalsmell

*Whenyouarechoosingwhichflowertoplant,appearanceandscentshouldbothbeconsidered.

玫瑰的芳香

(=thesweetscentofroses)

8.mow:

vt.cut(grass,corn,etc.)

*Ilovethesmellofnew-mownhay.

我们割地里的牧草给牛提供饲料。

(=Wemowedthefieldsoastoprovidethecattlewithfodder.)

Pattern:

mowdown铲除;战胜

Collocation:

mowingmachine割草机,收割机

9.solemn:

adj.seriousandwithoutanyamusement

*Theserviceofburialisdonewithsolemnandmournfulmusic.

就职典礼是一件严肃的事情。

(=Theinaugurationwasasolemnevent.)

Collocation:

asolemnface/voice阴沉的面孔/声音

solemnmusic庄严的音乐

10.inquiry/enquiry:

n.requestforhelporinformation(aboutsb./sth.)

*Itisn’tpolitetomakemanyinquiriesintootherpeople’saffairs.

他们有没有问起我的情况?

(=Havetheymadeanyinquiriesafterme?

11.disturb:

vt.interruptwhatsomeoneisdoing

*I’msorrytodisturbyousolate,butmycar’sbrokendownandIwaswonderingifIcoulduseyourphone.

*Pleasedon’tdisturbGeorgina—she’stryingtodoherhomework.

CF:

bother,disturb&trouble

这些词均有“使人不安或烦恼”之意。

bother指烦恼引起的紧张不安或感到不耐烦。

disturb较正式,多用被动态。

指扰乱,使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序,烦恼程度较深。

trouble指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。

Directions:

Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.

1)He________byakneeinjuryformostoftheseason.(=hasbeentroubled)

2)Don’t_____makingthebed—I’lldoitlater.(=bother)

3)Heavytrucktraffic_____theneighborhood.(=disturbed)

4)Youwon’tgetanycreditfordoingit,sowhy_____?

(=bother)

5)Hehungthe“Don’t_____”signaroundthedoorhandleontheoutside.(=Disturb)

12.shred:

vt.cutortearsth.roughlyintothinstrips

*Shredthelettuce(莴苣)andarrangeitaroundtheedgeofthedish.

他的工作之一是检查并撕毁成百捆的文件。

(=Oneofhisjobswastocheckandshredhundredsofbundlesofpapers.)

Collocation:

shreddedcabbage切碎的白菜

13.become/beacquaintedwith:

knoworbefamiliarwithsb./sth.

*Iamnotpersonallyacquaintedwiththegentlemaninquestion.

*Iamalreadyacquaintedwiththefacts.

14.indicate:

vt.

1)showaneedfor;suggest

*Thechangeinhisillnessindicatestheuseofstrongerdrugs.

症状表明急需外科手术。

(=Thesymptomsindicateimmediatesurgery.)

2)showthewaytoorthedirectionof;pointout

*Pleaseindicatewhichfreegiftyouwouldliketoreceive.

她示意我什么也别说。

(=Sheindicatedtomethatshedidn’twantmetosayanything.)

15.awkward:

adj.

1)difficulttouse,do,ordealwith

*It’sanawkwardcornertodriveround,sotakeitslowly.

*He’sanawkwardcustomer(=adifficultpersontodealwith).

*Someofthequestionswereratherawkward.

2)notsmoothorgraceful;ungainly

*Anawkwardgirlisnohelpinthekitchen.

一个笨手笨脚的女孩在厨房里帮不了什么忙。

*Heisstillawkwardwithhischopsticks.

他使用筷子还不熟练。

CF:

awkward&clumsy

这两个形容词都含有“笨拙的”之意。

awkward侧重缺乏优雅、机敏和技巧。

用于物时,指使用不便。

clumsy指人时,侧重行动笨拙;指物时,侧重制作粗陋或体积、重量过大而呈现笨重。

MoreExamples:

Theclumsydogknockedthecupover.那只笨拙的狗把杯子打翻了。

Myattemptstoapologizewereveryclumsy.我的道歉显得很笨拙。

16.bewillingto(dosth.):

behappytodosth.ifitisneeded

*Ifyou’rewillingtoflyatnight,youcangetamuchcheaperticket.

显然,约翰愿意让我们使用花园。

(=ApparentlyJohniswillingforustousehisgarden.)

17.surgery:

n.theperformingofsuchanoperation,usu.includingthecuttingopenoftheskin

*Theconditionisserious;itwillneedsurgery.

*Thepatienthad/underwentsurgeryonhisheart.

18.option:

n.thefreedomtomakeachoice

*Thebestoptionwouldbetocancelthetripaltogether.

机会总是留给有准备的人。

(=Therearevariousoptionsopentosomeonewhoiswillingtoworkhard.)

CF:

option,choice&alternative

这些名词均含有“选择”之意。

option着重特别给予的选择权利或权力,所选物常常相互排斥。

choice侧重指自由选择的权利或特权。

alternative指在相互排斥的两者之间作严格的选择,也可指在两者以上中进行选择。

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